State the Following Laws

• Boyle’s Law

• Charles’ Law

• Gay Lussac’s Law

• Dalton’s Law

• Graham’s Law

Drill:• Calculate the volume at

STP of CO2 released when 23.4 g of aluminum carbonate is decomposed 75 % through heat

AP Test Changes

• No Choices in Problems

• Only 3 reactions with predicting products– Balance rxns

– No choices

– Explain rxns

Kinetic Theory

•All matter is made up of tiny particles

•The particles are in constant motion

•All collisions are elastic

Pressure

•Force per unit area

•Caused by collisions against a surface

•Gas measured in pressure

Units of Pressure•kPa: kilopascal (Std Unit)

•Pascal: newton/sq. meter

•Atmosphere (Atm):

•mm Hg:

Standard Pressure•101.3 kPa (to be changed)•1.00 Atm•760 mm Hg or Torrs•30.0 inches Hg•1013 millibars

Gas Laws

Boyle’s Law

•The pressure & volume of a gas at constant

temperature are inversely proportioned

P1V1 = P2V2 = K

Charles’ Law

•The volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure are directly proportioned

V1/T1 = V2/T2 = K

Guy Lussac’s

Law

•The Pressure and temperature of a gas at

constant volume are directly proportioned

P1/T1 = P2/T2 = K

Combined Gas Law

•Combination of the three formulas

P1V1 /T1 =

P2V2/T2

Calculate the new volume of 5.0 L of

gas when its pressure is doubled and its

temperature is tripled:

Common Sense•The volume of a gas is directly proportioned to the number of moles of gas

V1/n1 = V2/n2 = K

New Combination

P1V1/n1T1 =

P2V2/n2T2 = K

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

Calculate the volume of 2.0 moles of gas at 77oC under 83.1 kPa

pressure.

Calculate the number of moles of gas

occupying 831 mL under 250 kpa at

227oC

Calculate the number of moles of gas

occupying 831 mL under 80.0 kPa at

127oC

Calculate the mass of CO2 occupying 83.1 L under 25 GPa at

227oC

Combined Gas Law

PV = nRT

Related Formulasm

V

m/n

D or =

MW =

Calculate the molecular mass of 5.0

g of gas occupying 831L under 250 Mpa

at 227oC

Calculate the density of carbon dioxide at 27oC under 83.1 kPa

pressure

Dalton’s Law

•The total pressure = the sum of the partial pressures

PT = P1 + P2 + etc

The total pressure of a system is 120.0 kPa.

The partial pressure of gas A is 112.0 kPa.

Determine the pressure of gas B

Graham’s Law

•The velocity of a particle is inversely proportioned to the square root of its mass

v1/v2 = M2/M1

Drill: Calculate the ratio of the velocities of He gas to HCl gas:

Calculate the volume of a gas at STP when it occupies 80.0 mL at

127oC under 303.9 kPa pressure:

Drill:Calculate the volume of 4.0 moles of gas

under 83.1 kPa pressure at 127oC:

Calculate the mass of 831 mL of CO2 at 27oC under 150 kPa

pressure:

Calculate the volume of a gas at STP when it occupies 80.0 mL at 127oC under 303.9 kPa

pressure:

Calculate the volume of 4.0 moles of gas

under 83.1 kPa pressure at 127oC:

Calculate the molecular mass of 50 g of gas occupying 831L under 250

MPa at 227oC

Calculate the mass of 831 mL of CO2 at 167oC under 150 kPa

pressure:

The total pressure of a system is 120.0 kPa.

The partial pressure of gas A is 112.0 kPa.

Determine the pressure of gas B

The total pressure of a system is 150.0 kPa. The system contains 50 % A,

30 % B, & 20 % C. Determine the pressure

of each gas.

Drill: Calculate the mass of CO2

occupying 83.1 L under 25 MPa at

477oC

Calculate the density of carbon dioxide at 27oC under 83.1 kPa

pressure

Calculate the ratio of the

velocities of He gas to HCl gas:

Calculate the velocity HBr

when the velocity Be is 270 m/s:

Calculate the final volume that 3.0 L of gas

will obtain when the absolute temperature is tripled & the pressure is

halved.

Calculate the mass of CO occupying 831 kL at 227oC under 2.50 Mpa

pressure.

Calculate the volume of H2 formed at 27oC

under 150 kPawhen 6.8 mg NH3

decomposes making N2 & H2.