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Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory1
Experimental and Micromechanical Computational Study of Pile Foundations Subjected to Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading - Task 1 (1g Tests) – Task 1 (1g Tests) – Part APart A
S. Thevanayagam, UB
Research Progress MeetingJune 27, 2006, 2-4 pm; UB-VTC
PI: R. Dobry, co-PI’s: A. Elgamal, S. Thevanayagam, T. Abdoun, M. ZeghalUB-NEES Lab: A. Reinhorn, M. Pitman, J. Hanley, T. AlbrechcinskiTulane: Usama El ShamyStudents: UB and RPI Students
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory2
Agenda – 6/27/06Agenda – 6/27/06 Review of Minutes (ST, RD) Schedule (Updated 05/2006) – No Change UB Progress (ST)
Equipment Setup (NE, MP) Sand Construction & Density Control (NE) Updated Instrumentation & Coordination (NE, ST, TA)
Non-Destructive Shaking (MP, MZ, AE) Sloping Ground – Ground Motion (MG, AE) Decision - Pile size, thickness, etc. (July 06)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory3
Base Floor Plate Assembly - LevelingBase Floor Plate Assembly - Leveling
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory4
Dynamic Actuators & Reaction Dynamic Actuators & Reaction BeamBeam
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory5
Shaking Base & Laminar BoxShaking Base & Laminar Box(add Picture)(add Picture)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory6
Agenda – 6/27/06Agenda – 6/27/06 Review of Minutes (ST, RD) Schedule (Updated 05/2006) – No Change UB Progress (ST)
Equipment Setup (NE, MP) Sand Construction & Density Control (NE) Updated Instrumentation & Coordination (NE, ST, TA)
Non-Destructive Shaking (MP, MZ, AE) Sloping Ground – Ground Motion (MG, AE) Decision - Pile size, thickness, etc. (July 06)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory7
Hydraulic Filling TrialsHydraulic Filling Trials & Density Controls & Density Controls
Circulating Water Pump
Slurry Pump(5 HP, 3, 208V, 14.5 A)
Sand Slurry
Container-B
Ottawa F-55 Sand Water
Container-A
Water
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory8
Sand Construction– Sand Construction– Outdoor Hydraulic Filling TrialsOutdoor Hydraulic Filling Trials
• Simulate Pumping into Laminar box• Control Pumping Rates• Control Discharge Water Depth & Nozzle• Density Tests
• Pipe full length (250ft) • Raised to the height of Laminar box
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory9
Hydraulic Filling Trail – June 15, 06Hydraulic Filling Trail – June 15, 06
• Water depth= 2 – 4 ft, • Discharge Pipe horizontally moving• Nozzle swinging
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory10
Hydraulic Filling Trial – June 21, 06Hydraulic Filling Trial – June 21, 06
• Water depth= 1 – 2 ft• Horizontally moving• Vertical nozzle
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory11
Density Control TestsDensity Control Tests
Bucket Density
( 6 to 9 Buckets for every 3 ft lift)Cone Density
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory12
Density DataDensity Data
Better Control Possible in the Lab.Better Control Possible in the Lab.
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory13
Hydraulic Fill – Field DataHydraulic Fill – Field Data(Mitchell et al.)(Mitchell et al.)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory14
ConclusionConclusion• Hydraulic pumping into Laminar box feasible
• Density depends on pumping rate, water depth, discharge nozzle angle.
• Low Dr (15%) at large water depth
• High Dr (80%) at low water depth
• Variability can be controlled
• Bucket Density method works well & easier to implement
• Further outdoor trials planned (July 1st/2nd week)
• Laminar Box Filling Trials – Planned week 4/July
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory15
Sand Preparation Sand Preparation (Test LG-1) – (Test LG-1) – July week 3/4July week 3/4
Sand Hydraulic Placement - Schematic Diagram
Placement rate / Density – To be worked out~ 30% - 50% Feasible
Laminar Box (LB)
Sand Container
Water
Strong Floor
Circulating Water Pump
Slurry Pump(5 HP, 3, 208V, 14.5 A)
Diffuser
Sand SlurryWater
Ottawa F-55 Sand (150 T)
3”/ 350 ft Hose
LAB
Reaction Wall
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory16
Agenda – 6/27/06Agenda – 6/27/06 Review of Minutes (ST, RD) Schedule (Updated 05/2006) – No Change Non-Destructive Shaking (MP, MZ, AE) Sand Construction & Density Control (ST) Updated Instrumentation & Coordination (ST, TA) – FYI Only Sloping Ground – Simulations & Ground Motion (MG, AE) Decision - Pile size, thickness, etc. (July 06)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory17
Instrumentation TableInstrumentation Table: Tests LG-1 & SG-1: Tests LG-1 & SG-1
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory18
Sensor LocationsSensor Locations: Tests LG-1 & SG-1: Tests LG-1 & SG-1
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory19
Sensor LocationsSensor Locations: Tests LG-1 & SG-1(E-W): Tests LG-1 & SG-1(E-W)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory20
Sensor LocationsSensor Locations: Tests LG-1 & SG-1(N-S): Tests LG-1 & SG-1(N-S)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory21
InstrumentationInstrumentation: Single Pile Tests: Single Pile Tests
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory22
Sensor LocationsSensor Locations: Single Pile Tests: Single Pile Tests
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory23
Agenda – 6/27/06Agenda – 6/27/06 Review of Minutes (ST, RD) Schedule (Updated 05/2006) – No Change UB Progress (ST)
Equipment Setup (NE, MP) Sand Construction & Density Control (NE) Updated Instrumentation & Coordination (NE, ST, TA)
Non-Destructive Shaking (MP, MZ, AE) Sloping Ground – Ground Motion (MG, AE) Decision - Pile size, thickness, etc. (July 06)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory24
Agenda – 6/27/06Agenda – 6/27/06 Review of Minutes (ST, RD) Schedule (Updated 05/2006) – No Change Non-Destructive Shaking (MP, MZ, AE) Sand Construction & Density Control (ST) Updated Instrumentation & Coordination (ST, TA) Sloping Ground – Simulations & Ground Motion (MG, AE) – See Presentation Part B Decision - Pile size, thickness, etc. (July 06)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory25
Agenda – 6/27/06Agenda – 6/27/06 Review of Minutes (ST, RD) Schedule (Updated 05/2006) – No Change - FYI UB Progress (ST)
Equipment Setup (NE, MP) Sand Construction & Density Control (NE) Updated Instrumentation & Coordination (NE, ST, TA)
Non-Destructive Shaking (MP, MZ, AE) Sloping Ground – Ground Motion (MG, AE) Decision - Pile size, thickness, etc. (July 06)
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory26
Task Name
Initial Test LG-1 (Level Ground)
Instruments Placement
On Rings
Place reference frames near the LB (west and north)
Mount the sensors (accel) on rings and reference frame (displ)
Inside the soil
instrument piezometers
instrument TP sensors to the base over the membrane
seal the TPs after putting over the membrane
Slurry Pumping
Set up hoses and pumps
Pump the sand/water slurry from storage to LB
CPT / Density Testing
Tie a beam on LB
Prepare pully
arrange a place for person to push the cone
determine palces to take a measurement
penetrate the cone into the soil by actuator and puully setup
Strong Floor Shaking
Testing
Data Reporting / Archiving
Slurry Pumping
Set up hoses and pumps
Pump the sand/water slurry to storage from LB
T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F SJul 16, '06 Jul 23, '06 Jul 30, '06 Aug 6, '06 Aug 13, '06 Aug 20, '06
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory27
Year-1 Pile - Schedule Year-1 Pile - Schedule (05/15/06)(05/15/06)Task Name
Laminar Box (NEES)
Sand Pumping Trials
Controllers and Actuators setup
Sand
Access Pad construction
Final Sand-Pump Trials
Sand Delivery and Storing
Rent the truck
Storing
Box Setup
Base-Modification - Assembly
Move LB to strong floor
Remove Rings and place them on floor
Remove Base Ring & top plate & place
Flip Base Bridge
Weld WS-1 along BT mount region
Drill holes on I-beams for flange support mounting
Mount FSP's on bottom of I-beams
Mount the BT's to the FSP
Reaction Beam
Drill holes on reaction beam
Drill holes for actuator on AMP's
Drill holes on Gusset Plate #1
Weld the WS-2 to the reaction beam
Weld gusset plate #2 to AMP's and Gusset Plate #1
Weld AMP on reaction beam
tie the reaction beam on top plate
Actuator Mount Test
Kozlowski,Technician - Duane or Bob (or Matt or Chad)
T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T FMay 7, '06 May 14, '06 May 21, '06 May 28, '06 Jun 4, '06
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory28
Task Name
Base Support System
Joint the SFSP to the strong floor
Joint the HP to SFSP
Grout below SFSP
Level SFSP
Place the steel base bridge on SFSP
Level the bearings below steel base bridge
Place the top plate on steel base bridge
Box Assembly
Leveling the Bearings
Attaching Fenders
Edge Protector
Stack Rings
Membrane Construction and Testing
Cut the membrane
Place Membrane sections in LB and glue seams
Patch the corners with leftover membrane pieces
Mount the plate to the LB base over membrane
Put lap sealant to prevent leakage
PVC sheet floor cover
Attach drain hoses
Fill the LB with water up to 6 m
Observe for leakage
Drain water from LB
T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T FJun 4, '06 Jun 11, '06 Jun 18, '06 Jun 25, '06 Jul 2, '06 Jul 9, '06 Jul 16, '06
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory29
Task Name
Initial Test LG-1 (Level Ground)
Instruments Placement
On Rings
Place reference frames near the LB (west and north)
Mount the sensors (accel) on rings and reference frame (displ)
Inside the soil
instrument piezometers
instrument TP sensors to the base over the membrane
seal the TPs after putting over the membrane
Slurry Pumping
Set up hoses and pumps
Pump the sand/water slurry from storage to LB
CPT / Density Testing
Tie a beam on LB
Prepare pully
arrange a place for person to push the cone
determine palces to take a measurement
penetrate the cone into the soil by actuator and puully setup
Strong Floor Shaking
Testing
Data Reporting / Archiving
Slurry Pumping
Set up hoses and pumps
Pump the sand/water slurry to storage from LB
T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F SJul 16, '06 Jul 23, '06 Jul 30, '06 Aug 6, '06 Aug 13, '06 Aug 20, '06
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory30
Task Name
Initial Test SG-1 (Sloping Ground)
Inclining the Box (Future)-Design
Incline Box Support
Incline Box
Tie the Ring #1
Instruments Placement
On Rings
Put 3 story frame near the LB
place the instrumentations on rings
Inside the soil
instrument piezometers
instrument TP sensors to the base over the membrane
seal the TPs after putting over the membrane
Slurry Pumping
CPT / Density Testing
determine places to take a measurement
penetrate the cone into the soil by actuator and puully setup
Strong Floor Shaking
Data Reporting / Archiving
pump the sand to the storage areas
M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W TAug 20, '06 Aug 27, '06 Sep 3, '06
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory31
Task Name
Test 1A:High EI Pile Test
Purchase a High EI Pile
Purchase a Low EI Pile
Instruments Placement
On Piles
Group certain number of instruments on pile (20.4ft)
take the instrument cables inside pile
seal the holes on pile
On Rings
put 3 story frame near the LB
Place the instruments on rings
Inside the soil
Instrument piezometers
Instrument TP sensors to the base over the membrane
seal the TPs after putting over the membrane
CPT / Density Testing
Tie a beam on LB
Prepare pully
arrange a place for person to push the cone
determine palces to take a measurement
penetrate the cone into the soil by actuator and puully setup
Strong Floor Shaking
Data Reporting / Archiving
pump the sand back to the storage areas
M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S SSep 3, '06 Sep 10, '06 Sep 17, '06 Sep 24, '06 Oct 1, '06
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory32
Task Name
Test 1B:Low EI Pile Test
Instruments Placement
On Piles
Group certain number of instruments on pile (20.4ft)
take the instrument cables inside pile
seal the holes on pile
On Rings
put 3 story frame near the LB
Place the instruments on rings
Instrument TP sensors to the base over the membrane
seal the TPs after putting over the membrane
Inside the soil
Instrument piezometers
Instrument TP sensors to the base over the membrane
seal the TPs after putting over the membrane
CPT / Density Testing
Tie a beam on LB
Prepare pully
arrange a place for person to push the cone
determine palces to take a measurement
penetrate the cone into the soil by actuator and puully setup
Strong Floor Shaking
Data Reporting / Archiving
pump the sand back to the storage areas
W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M TSep 24, '06 Oct 1, '06 Oct 8, '06 Oct 15, '06 Oct 22, '06
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory33
Equipment & Instruments – PlanEquipment & Instruments – Plan
Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory34
Next Meeting Date – 7/?/06Next Meeting Date – 7/?/06 Review of Minutes (ST, RD) Schedule (Updated 05/2006) – No Change UB Progress (ST)
Equipment Setup (NE, MP) Sand Construction & Density Control (NE) Updated Instrumentation & Coordination (NE, ST, TA)
Non-Destructive Shaking (MP, MZ, AE) Sloping Ground – Ground Motion (MG, AE) Decision - Pile size, thickness, etc. (July 06)