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1

SUPPLEMENTARY REPLY

OF

IB VALLEY WASHERY

OF

MAHANADI COALFIELDS LIMITED

2

Agenda 53.4

Coal Washery of 10 MTPA capacity in an area of 39.35 Ha located at IB Valley in Lakhanpur area, Village Chharla, Dist: Jharsuguda (Odisha) of M/s Mahanadi Coalfields Limited – (EC based on ToR granted on 13.08.2015)

Observation point (ii)

Although expression of interest have been made by certain agencies to the PP for use of rejects but the PP has failed to show any definite MOU with them although this has been specifically stipulated in the TOR

Clarification against point(ii)

The following may kindly be considered:

A joint Venture Company namely CIL-NTPC Urja Private Limited (CNUPL) has been formed and in its 27th Board meeting held on 26.04.2016 at CIL Office, Kolkata, it has been decided for setting up of Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) based power plants using rejects from existing/ upcoming Coal washeries of Subsidieries of Coal India Limited(CIL). Copy of the resolution of the Board is enclosed herewith for kind consideration (Annexure-I). This will solve the issue of disposal of rejects generated from the proposed washeries of MCL.

However, it is assured that in case the disposal of the rejects generated from the washeries are not finalised, all the rejects generated will be backfilled in the mine voids in MCL.

In view of above, it is requested to consider the grant of EC for the said washery.

Observation point (iii)

The project proponent has also failed to show any base line data beyond core zone. Prediction

of emission for buffer zone also needs to be carried out

Clarification against point (iii):

The following points are required to be considered:

Baseline data on environmental quality for Post monsoon season are collected during the period from 19th

October 2015 to 10th January 2016 (Core & Buffer Zone). The study carried out during the said period is

reported below.

1.1 Micrometeorological data generation

3

A meteorology station has been set up at core zone and micrometeorological parameters like wind velocity,

wind direction, temperature, relative humidity, cloud cover etc. are recorded on hourly basis for study period.

Daily rainfall also has been recorded and reported.

1.2 Ambient air quality monitoring

Ambient air quality was monitored at 8 locations. A total of 24 samples (24-hrly) for PM10, PM2.5, SO2,

NOx, CO, O3, NH3 and Benzene samples were collected from each location during the study period. Heavy

metals samples were also collected thrice in the study period.

1.3 Water quality monitoring

Representative water samples 9 nos. one in mine effluent, four in surface water and four from ground water

i.e. dug well and tube well in buffer zone have been collected, preserved and transported to NETEL

Environmental Laboratory, Thane and analyzed as per standard methods.

1.4 Noise levels recording

Noise levels were recorded by using CYGNET Integrated sound level meter (100X) from eight ambient air

quality locations during day time and night time at an interval of one hour for one day for three months.

1.5 Soil quality monitoring

Soil samples from five locations, three in core zone, two in buffer zone were collected at depths of 30, 60

and 90 cm and analyzed for various physico-chemical and fertility parameters.

2.0 DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

2.1 Micrometeorology

The wind velocity readings were ranging from

4

Station A7 & A8 lie in the 3rd predominant wind direction of Dec’2015 affecting air quality due to the OPGC

(Odisha Power Generation Corporation) plant. Station A6 lies in the 3rd predominant wind direction of

Oct’15-Jan’16 affecting air quality due to the OPGC (Odisha Power Generation Corporation) plant. Station

A5 lies near to OPGC Plant.

2.3 Water quality

The water samples (9 Nos.) collected from different water sources i.e. Surface & ground water, mine effluent

etc. are analyzed as per procedures outlined in IS : 2488 / IS : 3025 / AWWA / APHA.

At all locations, cyanides and sulphides are found to be absent and all heavy metal values except Iron, zinc

and Manganese are found to be below the detectable limit.

In general, water quality at nine locations is found to be within the prescribed limits.

2.4 Noise levels

Mean Leq noise levels at day time and night time are ranging from 41.36to 51.73 dB(A) and 38.73 to 44.27

dB(A) respectively in the study area. While comparing with IS: 4954 -1986 norms for acceptable out door

noise levels in residential area (55 dB(A)) in day time and (45 dB(A)) in night time.

2.5 Soil quality

The soil quality of the project area appears to be good and would support vegetation after suitable soil

amelioration / modification.

3.0 CONCLUSIONS

The following conclusions are drawn based on the baseline data collected at Study area :

Ambient air quality parameters viz., SO2, NOx, CO, O3, Ammonia and Benzene are well within the CPCB norms.It can be observed that the total values are well within the prescribed limit of 300 µg/m3 for PM10 as per Coal Mining Standard vide Gazette Notification no. G.S.R. 742(E) dt. 25th September 2000.

The quality of mine water effluent is good even in untreated status. Further, the ground and surface water

quality is also good and is well within the norms of IS : 10500-1991 and IS : 2296 – 1982 respectively.

Therefore, the mixing of mine effluent will not have adverse effect on surface and ground water.

Most of the noise levels recorded are generally less than 55 dB(A) and are well within the acceptable

outdoor noise levels in residential areas in respect of study area as per the norms of IS: 4954 - 1986.

The soil quality in the project area appears to be good and would support vegetation after suitable soil

amelioration measures.

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Seasonal Meteorology status

Month

Wind Speed (mps) Temperature (°C) Relative Humidity (%) Rain Fall (mm)

Cloud

Cover@

(Octas of

the sky)

Mean Max % of

Calm

Mean

Highest Lowest Mean

Highest

Lowest

Total

24 hrs

Highe

st

No. of

Rainy

Days

Mean

October

2015 0.4 5.6 75.74 26.3 34.2 18.4 64.2 93 17 7 4 2 4

November

2015 0.4 3.8 77.39 23.7 32.3 15.6 59.5 94 16 0 0 0 2

December

2015 0.6 5.9 71.95 20.5 31.9 8.6 67.4 56 10 22 10 3 6

January

2015 0.8 7.4 67.31 19.5 30.1 10.3 52.6 92 11 0 0 0 3

$ 24 hrs rainfall should be reported from 08:30 hrs IST of previous day to 08:30 hrs IST of the day.

$ Rainy day is considered when 24 hrs rainfall is ≥ 2.5 mm.

@ Visual observations of cloud cover should be recorded four times a day at regular intervals.

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WINDROSES –OCTOBER 2015- JANUARY 2016

NORTH

SOUTH

WEST EAST

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

WIND SPEED

(m/s)

>= 11.1

8.8 - 11.1

5.7 - 8.8

3.6 - 5.7

2.1 - 3.6

0.1 - 2.1

Calms: 74.24%

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Ambient Air quality Locations- IB Valley washery

A2

A1

A3 A4

A5

A6

A8 A7

9

Details of Ambient air quality monitoring stations

SI.

No. Location Name Location Code

Direction

(from Site)

Distance from

proposed washery

(Km)

1. Bandhbahal A1 NE 2.3

2. Chharla A2 Core Zone -

3. Derlipali A3 N 2.7

4. Tingismal A4 NW 3.2

5. Bhutia A5 SW 5.1

6. Pandri A6 SW 8.6

7. Kudapada A7 SE 5.7

8. Telinpali A8 SE 3.9

Data presentation & analysis

The Location wise abstract of SPM, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx are given in the Table-below.

Whereas the remaining parameters i.e. Ozone, ammonia, CO, Benzene and Heavy metals are

not in the detection level (BDL) in all the monitoring locations

Name of the Monitoring Location : Bandhbahal (A1)

Parameter Method Used

Permissible AAQ standard (CPCB)

(g/m3)

No. of Samples Drawn

UOM values

SPM AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV) NA 24 µg/m3

Min 305

Max 370

98% tile 369.6

PM10 AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV) 100

µg/m3

Min. 186

24 Max. 203

98% tile 202.6

PM2.5 AS per IS:5182 60 24 Min. 101

10

(Part-IV) & CPCB Guidelines

µg/m3 Max. 118

98% tile 117.1

SO2 AS per IS:5182

(Part-II) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 16

Max. 25

98% tile 24.1

NOX AS per IS:5182

(Part-VI) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 20

Max. 29

98% tile 27.8

PM10 and PM2.5 values are ranging from 186 g/m3 to 203 g/m3 and 101 g/m3 to 118 g/m3

respectively. SO2 and NOx values are varying between 16 to 25 g/m3 and 20 to 29 g/m3 respectively and remaining all the parameters like O3, NH3, CO, Benzene, Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury are in Below detection Limit. All the values are found to be within the CPCB Standards Except Particulate matter . But as given in clarification at para-2.2,it can be observed that the total values are well within the prescribed limit of 300 µg/m3 for PM10 as per Coal Mining Standard vide Gazette Notification no. G.S.R. 742(E) dt. 25th September 2000 .

Name of the Monitoring Location : Chharla (A2)



(g/m3)


UOM values

SPM AS per IS:5182


Min 301

Max 379

98% tile 374.1

PM10 AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV) 100

µg/m3

Min. 179

24 Max. 203

98% tile 202.8

PM2.5 AS per IS:5182


60

24 µg/m3

Min. 101

Max. 116

98% tile 116.1

SO2 AS per IS:5182

(Part-II) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 19

Max. 24

98% tile 24.0

NOX AS per IS:5182

(Part-VI) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 22

Max. 29

98% tile 28.6

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respectively. SO2 and NOx values are varying between 19 to 24 g/m3 and 22 to 29 g/m3 respectively. and remaining all the parameters like O3, NH3, CO, Benzene, Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury are in Below detection Limit. All the values are found to be within the CPCB Standards Except Particulate matter . But as given in clarification at para-2.2,it can be observed that the total values are well within the prescribed limit of 300 µg/m3 for PM10 as per Coal Mining Standard vide Gazette Notification no. G.S.R. 742(E) dt. 25th September 2000 .

Name of the Monitoring Location : Derlipali (A3)



(g/m3)


UOM values

SPM AS per IS:5182


Min 215

Max 365

98% tile 358.56

PM10 AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV) 100

µg/m3

Min. 131

24 Max. 155

98% tile 154.1



60

24 µg/m3

Min. 101

Max. 117

98% tile 116.5

SO2 AS per IS:5182

(Part-II) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 18

Max. 23

98% tile 22.5

NOX AS per IS:5182

(Part-VI) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 21

Max. 27

98% tile 26.5


respectively. SO2 and NOx values are varying between 18 to 23 g/m3 and 21 to 27 g/m3 respectively and remaining all the parameters like O3, NH3, CO, Benzene, Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury are in Below detection Limit. All the values are found to be within the CPCB Standards Except Particulate matter . But as given in clarification at para-2.2,it can be observed that the total values are well within the prescribed limit of 300 µg/m3 for PM10 as per Coal Mining Standard vide Gazette Notification no. G.S.R. 742(E) dt. 25th September 2000 .

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Name of the Monitoring Location : Tingismal (A4)



(g/m3)


UOM values

SPM AS per IS:5182


Min 305

Max 358

98% tile 358.0

PM10 AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV) 100

µg/m3

Min. 180

24 Max. 201

98% tile 200.1



60

24 µg/m3

Min. 101

Max. 115

98% tile 114.5

SO2 AS per IS:5182

(Part-II) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 18

Max. 24

98% tile 24.0

NOX AS per IS:5182

(Part-VI) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 21

Max. 27

98% tile 27.0



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Name of the Monitoring Location : Bhutia (A5)



(g/m3)


UOM values

SPM AS per IS:5182


Min 219

Max 288

98% tile 287.1

PM10 AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV) 100

µg/m3

Min. 141

24 Max. 164

98% tile 163.5



60

24 µg/m3

Min. 90

Max. 111

98% tile 110.5

SO2 AS per IS:5182

(Part-II) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 16

Max. 22

98% tile 21.5

NOX AS per IS:5182

(Part-VI) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 18

Max. 26

98% tile 25.5

PM10 and PM2.5 values are ranging from 141 g/m3 to 164g/m3 and 90 g/m3 to 111 g/m3


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Name of the Monitoring Location : Pandri (A6)



(g/m3)


UOM values

SPM AS per IS:5182


Min 208

Max 289

98% tile 283.9

PM10 AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV) 100

µg/m3

Min. 120

24 Max. 146

98% tile 144.2



60

24 µg/m3

Min. 80

Max. 103

98% tile 102.5

SO2 AS per IS:5182

(Part-II) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 15

Max. 24

98% tile 23.1

NOX AS per IS:5182

(Part-VI) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 20

Max. 28

98% tile 27.1


respectively. SO2 and NOx values are varying between 15 to 24 g/m3 and 20 to 28 g/m3 respectively. and remaining all the parameters like O3, NH3, CO, Benzene, Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury are in Below detection Limit. All the values are found to be within the CPCB Standards Except Particulate matter. But as given in clarification at para-2.2,it can be observed that the total values are well within the prescribed limit of 300 µg/m3 for PM10 as per Coal Mining Standard vide Gazette Notification no. G.S.R. 742(E) dt. 25th September 2000 .

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Name of the Monitoring Location : Kudapada (A7)



(g/m3)


UOM values

SPM AS per IS:5182


Min 195

Max 278

98% tile 275.8

PM10 AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV) 100

µg/m3

Min. 127

24 Max. 151

98% tile 150.5



60

24 µg/m3

Min. 84

Max. 104

98% tile 104.0

SO2 AS per IS:5182

(Part-II) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 18

Max. 23

98% tile 22.9

NOX AS per IS:5182

(Part-VI) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 22

Max. 30

98% tile 28.3


respectively. SO2 and NOx values are varying between 18 to 23 g/m3 and 22 to 30 g/m3 respectively. and remaining all the parameters like O3, NH3, CO, Benzene, Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury are in Below detection Limit. All the values are found to be within the CPCB Standards Except Particulate matter. But as given in clarification at para-2.2,it can be observed that the total values are well within the prescribed limit of 300 µg/m3 for PM10 as per Coal Mining Standard vide Gazette Notification no. G.S.R. 742(E) dt. 25th September 2000 .

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Name of the Monitoring Location : Telinpali (A8)



(g/m3)


UOM values

SPM AS per IS:5182


Min 260

Max 342

98% tile 333.3

PM10 AS per IS:5182

(Part-IV) 100

µg/m3

Min. 124

24 Max. 149

98% tile 146.7



60

24 µg/m3

Min. 83

Max. 106

98% tile 103.2

SO2 AS per IS:5182

(Part-II) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 16

Max. 23

98% tile 22.5

NOX AS per IS:5182

(Part-VI) 80 24

µg/m3 Min. 20

Max. 29

98% tile 28.5


respectively. SO2 and NOx values are varying between 16 to 23 g/m3 and 20 to 29 g/m3 respectively. and remaining all the parameters like O3, NH3, CO, Benzene, Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury are in Below detection Limit. All the values are found to be within the CPCB Except Particulate matter Standards. But as given in clarification at para-2.2,it can be observed that the total values are well within the prescribed limit of 300 µg/m3 for PM10 as per Coal Mining Standard vide Gazette Notification no. G.S.R. 742(E) dt. 25th September 2000 . Summary In general,All the values are found to be within the CPCB Standards Except Particulate matter . But as given in clarification at para-2.2,it can be observed that the total values are well within the prescribed limit of 300 µg/m3 for PM10 as per Coal Mining Standard vide Gazette Notification no. G.S.R. 742(E) dt. 25th September 2000 . .

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Water quality Locations- IB Valley washery

SW3 SW4

SW1 DW4

DW3

DW2

DW1

SW2 E1

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4.0 Drinking Water sampling locations

S.No Name of the Location Code

1 Tube well water Bandhbahal DW1

2 Tube well water Ubuda DW2

3 Dug well water Ubuda DW3

4 Dug well water Tingismal DW4

4.1.(a) Drinking Water sample Analysis Data:

S.No

Parameter UOM

Result Standard value as per IS:10500

DW1 DW2 DW3 DW4

1 pH - 7.2 4.8 6.9 7.1

6.5 to 8.5

2 Temperature °C 30 29 31 30 -

3 Color Hazen

19

22 Cadmium(as Cd) mg/l

20

6 Total Dissolved solids

mg/l 139 46 92 45 1500

7 Chloride(as Cl)

mg/l 59.5 12 24.6 9.8 600

8 Fluoride(as F)

mg/l

21

4.2 (b) Summary At all locations, phenolic compounds and cyanides are found to be absent and all heavy metal values except Iron, Zinc and Manganese are found to be below the detectable limit. In general, the Surface water quality at all four locations are found to be well within the prescribed IS: 2296 – 1982. 4.3 Effluent Water sampling location:

S.No Name of the Location Code

1 Effluent water of Lakhanpur OCP at Derlipali E1

4.3.(a) Surface Water sample Analysis Data:

S.No Parameter UOM E1 General Standards for discharge of Effluents into inland Surface water GSR 422(E)

1 pH - 7.9 5.5-9.0

2 Temperature °C 32

Shall not exceed 5°C above water temperature

3 Color Hazen 4.6 -

4 Odor - Agreeable -

5 Turbidity mg/l 5.3 -

6 Total Suspended solids mg/l 48 100

7 Chloride(as Cl) mg/l 23.9 -

8 Fluoride(as F) mg/l 0.05 2.0

9 Sulfate(as SO4) mg/l 11.3 -

10 Sulphide mg/l

22

26 Copper mg/l

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Ambient Noise quality Locations- IB Valley washery

S.No Location Code

Name of the Village S.No Location Code

Name of

the Village 1 N-1 Bandhbahal 5 N-5 Bhutia 2 N-2 Chharla 6 N-6 Pandri 3 N-3 Derlipali 7 N-7 Kudapada 4 N-4 Tingismal 8 N-8 Telinpali

N2

N1

N3 N4

N5

N6

N8 N7

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5.0 Data presentation & analysis Summary of noise level data generated during (October 2015 to January,2016) is given in the following Table:

Sl.

No.

Location of

Sampling Station

Noise Level dB(A)

Day-time Night-time

Min. Max. Leq Permissible

limit Min. Max. Leq

Permissible

limit

1. Bandhbahal 44.1 51.6 48.11 55 39.5 43.5 43.07 45

2. Chharla 39.3 53.6 47.77 55 36.4 43.6 41.49 45

3. Derlipali 39.4 53.8 48.29 55 30.3 42.5 38.73 45

4. Tingismal 36.6 50.6 47.23 55 28.6 43.8 39.66 45

5. Ramanda 31.5 48.8 41.36 55 30.4 41.3 39.25 45

6. Pandri 37.8 53.2 45.75 55 36.5 42.7 42.46 45

7. Kudapada 45.3 53.3 51.73 55 41.3 43.9 44.27 45

8. Telinpali 41.6 53.1 47.81 55 38.2 43.3 41.80 45

5.1 Summary Mean Leq noise levels at day time and night time are ranging from 41.36 to 51.73 dB(A) and 38.73 to 44.27 dB(A) respectively in the study area. While comparing with IS: 4954 -1986 norms for acceptable outdoor noise levels in residential area (55 dB(A)) in day time and (45dB(A)) in night time While comparing with IS: 4954 -1986 norms for acceptable outdoor noise levels in

residential area, the Leq values are found to be within the limits.

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Soil quality Locations- IB Valley washery

S.No Location Code Name of the sampling point 1 S1 Agriculture land Karpabahal 2 S2 Forest land Remenda 3 S3 Non Agriculture land Chharla 4 S4 OB dump of Belpahar OCP 5 S5 Agriculture land Dhudulsingha

S3 S1 S4

S5

S2

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6.0 Data presentation & analysis

Status of the soil quality is furnished in the following Table:

Soil quality status

S.No. Parameters Range of Concentration

1 pH 6.1 – 6.9

2. Organic Carbon (%) 1.24 – 2.84

3. Phosphorous (kg/ha) 2.3 – 7.9

4. Nitrogen (Kg/ha) 174 - 428

5. Potassium(Kg/ha) 94 - 325

6.0 (a) Summary

The soil quality in the project area appears to be good and would support after suitable

soil amelioration measures.

7.0 FLORA-FAUNA STUDY:

An ecological survey was conducted during November – December 2015 to generate baseline data

on flora and fauna of the project. Survey team includes Mr. M D Salve (Bio-Chemist), Dr. G. T.

Kharat (Botanist) and Dr. Gawai S. R. (Zoologist) along with representatives of MCL/CMPDI.

The study has covered the following aspects:

Sl.

No. Floral Component

Sl.

No. Faunal Elements

1. Agricultural crops 1. Listing of Faunal elements

2. Commercial crops 2. Endangered Species / Endemic Species

3. Plantations/Agro-forestry 3. Wildlife Schedules

4. Natural Vegetation/Forest type 4. Migratory Species

27

5. Grassland Vegetation 5. Migratory corridors or Paths

6. Endangered/ Endemic species 6. Breeding & Spawning Grounds

7. Aquatic flora 7. Aquatic fauna

Identification of vegetation in relation to natural forest flora and croplands is conducted through

reconnaissance field surveys and insight observations of core and buffer zone areas. The plant

species identification is done based on the morphological characteristics and reproductive

materials i.e. flowers, fruits and seeds. Land use pattern in relation to agriculture practices and

crop verities are identified through physical verification of farm lands. Secondary data gathered

from local villagers and revenue officials.

The faunal elements (animal species) of core and buffer zone are identified by direct sightings or

indirect evidences viz. pug marks, skeletal remains, scats and droppings etc. A Binocular is used

for the observations. The authenticity of faunal elements occurrence is confirmed by interaction

with the local forest department / people. Avifauna (bird’s species) identification is done with

pictorial descriptions of published literature. Information pertaining to existence of any migratory

corridors and paths are obtained with local inhabitants. The status of each faunal element is

determined and wildlife schedule category is ascertained as per the IUCN-Red Data Book (RDB)

and Indian wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Aquatic flora and fauna are identified by inspecting

water bodies, Ponds, Rivers, Nallas etc.

7.1 FLORA

7.1 (a) CORE ZONE:

7.1.1 TERRESTRIAL FLORA

Terrestrial and Aquatic flora of the project areas is classified in to:

(i) Agriculture crops cultivated (cereals, pulses and vegetables) during rainy season (Kharif) and post

rainy moths of winter season (Rabi);

(ii) Crops of commercial importance;

(iii) Plantations and Agro-forestry species and

(iv) Natural vegetation of Forest type includes endemic species, endangered category, Ethano

botanical and Aquatic flora.

The Core zone is non-forest, non- agricultural and undeveloped. It is non-coal bearing virgin solid land. At

core zone small bushes exists.

28

7.1.2 NATURAL VEGETATION/ FOREST TYPE:

The scrubland, which represent degraded forest were surveyed. The status of flora of Core zone

is presented below

List of Natural Vegetation in Core Zone:

(a) Upper layer – Tree flora

Botanical Name Common Name

Butea monosperma Flame of forest

Diospyros melanoxylon Tendu

Melia azadirachta Neem

(b) Shrubs and Herbs

Botanical Name Common Name

Gardenia turgida Rubiaceae

Gardenia gumifera Rubiaceae

Ixora arborea / parviflora Rubiaceae

Vites negundo Verbinaceae

7.1.3 GRASS LANDS:

No prominent grass land ecosystem has been found in the Core zone. The observed pastoral lands have

been derived by the degradation of forest. The grass lands are now being utilized as grazing grounds to

the livestock species.

The Grass species and Sedges of Core zone are listed below in table:

Table :List of Grasses and Sedges:

Botanical Name Common Name / Local Name

29

Imperata cylindrical Khara grass

Eulaliopsis binata Sabai

Heteropogon contortus Sinkola

No endangered, endemic and ethano-botanical or economic flora is recorded from Core zone of the

project area

7.1 (b) BUFFER ZONE:

The Buffer zone consists of fairly mixed jungle mainly of Sal. Ramenda RF, Forest near Khanaisa village

and Arhaparha RF are present within the study area. These forests are visible degraded and intensively

biotically interfered. The forests are interfered by illicit cutting and cattle grazing. At many places, the

forests have been converted to scrubland because of biotic pressure.

The HFL/ HTL of Hirakud Reservoir is at 2.96 Km at south, Ib River at (E), Lilari nullah at (NE) and Pandren

Nullah at NE.

7.1.4 AGRICULTURAL CROPS

Crop fields located close to the Khanaisa, New Chharla, Jjamuna and Bandhabahal villages were surveyed

for enlisting agricultural crops. The information for the same is also collected from the villagers. It was

observed that the main agricultural crop in the area is Rice (Oryza sativa). It is cultivated as kharip crop

during rainy season. Besides Rice, following crops are also observed.

List of Agricultural crops in Buffer Zone:


Vigna radiate Mung

Vigna mungo Biri

Dolichos biflorus Kolatha

Arachis hypogaea Badam

Allium cepa Piaja

Allium sativum Rasuna

Brassica campestris Sorisha

30

7.1.5 VEGETABLES / COMMERCIAL CROPS

Commercial crops cultivated in the area are mostly vegetables. These are cultivated mostly in the backyard / farms by local people for meeting their day-to-day requirements. People also use to sell some of their vegetable in local market. The following vegetables are observed in the area.

List of Vegetables / Commercial crops in Buffer Zone:


Lycopersicon lycopersicum Tomato

Abelmoschus esculentus Bhendi

Coccinia indica Kundru

Cucurbita pepo Kaddu

Momordica charantia Kalara

Capsicum annum Mircha

Solanum melongena Baigana

Cucurbita Kakudi

Abelmoschus esculentus Bhendi

Brassica oleracia capitata Bandha kobi

Brassica botrytis Phula kobi

Coriandrum sativum Dhania

Raphanus sativus Mula

Trgonella foenum graecum Methi

Psidium gujava Guava

Musa paradisiaca Banana

Carica papaya Papaya

7.1.6 PLANTATION

The tree species recorded at the road side and villages consists of common species planted for

commercial and domestic use. The species are as listed below.

31

List of Plantation in Buffer Zone

Botanical Name Trade / Common Name

Mangifera indica Amba

Terminalia Belerica Mahua / Bahada

Aegle marmelos Bel

Terminal's chebula Jamun

Pongamia pinnataigiabra Karanj

Azadirachta indica Neem

Anacardium Occidentale Cashew

Ziziphus mauritiana Ber

Delonix regia Krishnachuda

Peltophorum pterocarpum Radhachuda

Bursera simaruba Simaruba

Dalbergia sissoo Shisam (black)

Gmelina arborea Gamhar

Madhuca longifolia Mahua

Terminalia chebula Harra

Dalbergia sissoo Sissu

Albizzia lebbeck Sirish

Neolamarckia cadamba Kadamb

Artocarpus heterophyllus Jackfruit

Psidium guajava Guava

Phyllanthus emblica Amla

Terminalia arjuna Arjun

Gliricidia sepium Gliricida

32

Caesalpinia pulcherrima Radha chuda

Tectona grandis Teak

Samanea saman Rain tree

Simarouba amara Simaruba

7.1.7 NATURAL VEGETATION / FOREST TYPES

The survey was conducted at Ramenda R. F., Arhaparha R. F. and Forest near Khanaisa village present in the buffer zone was surveyed. The observed species are listed below.

List of Natural Vegetation in Buffer Zone:

Common Name Botanical Name

TREE SPECIES

Acaciaisunajhari Acacia auriculifonnis

Achu Morinda tinctoria

Amba Mangifera indica

Amla Emblica afficinalis

Arjun Terminalia aduna

Asan Terminalia tomentosa

Aswatha Ficus religiosa

Babul Acacia nilotica

Bahada Terminalia Belerica

Bandhan Ougeinia oojenensis

Bara Ficus bengaiensis

Barabakalia Dalbergia paniculata

Bel Aegle marmelos

Bhalia Semicarpus anacardium

33

Bheru Chloroxylon swietenia

Bija/Piasal Pterocarpus marsupium

Chakunda (Sana) Cassia siamea

Chara Buchnania lanzan

Dhaman Grewia tillaefolia

Dhaura Anogeissus latifolia

DhobenlBarabakalia Dalbergia paniculata

Dimiri (Bai) Ficus glomerata

Gambhari Gmelina arboria

Genduli Sterculia urens

Gohira Acacia leucophloea

Harida Terminal's chebula

Jamun Syzygium cuminli

Jhari (Kasaki) Ficus tinctoria

Kakuchia Diospyrus sylvatica

Kamalagundi Mallotus philippensis

Kanchan/Barada Bauhinia purpurea

Kanchani Ambanacia Bauhinia reacemosa

Kapacia Kydia calycina

Karanja Pongamia pinnataigiabra

Karada Cfeistanthus colfinus

Khair Acacia catechu

Khakada Casearia elliptica

Kashi Bridelia retusa

Kendu Diospyrus melanoxylon

34

Kurum/Haldu Adina cordifolia

Kumbhi Careya arborea

Kusum Schleichera oleosa

Mahula Madhuca indica/ Bassialatifolia

Mohi Lannea coromandelica

(Raj) Moi Bursera serrata

Mundi Mitragyna parviflora

Neem Azadirachta indica

Palas Butea monosperma

Rai Dilienia pentagyna

Rohini Soymida febrifuga

Sal Shorea robusta

Salai Bosweilia serrata

Semul Bombax ceiba

Sidha Lagerstroemia parviflora

Siris Albizzia lebbek

Siris (dhala) Albizzia procera

Sissoo Dalbergia sissoo

Sissoo (Kala) Dafbergia latifolia

Sunan Cassia fistula

Teak/Saguan Tectona grandis

Tal/Palm Borassus flabellifer

Tentuli Tamarindus indica

Saliabaunsa Dendrocalamus strictus

35

SHRUBS / HERBS

Apamanga Achynthes aspera

Arakha Calotropis procera

Bajramuli/Bisiripi Sida spp.

Bana-kolthi Atylosia scarabacoides

Bana-mirchi Croton sparsiflorus

Bana-nila/kutthi Tephrosia purpurea

Begunia Vitex negundo

Bhuinnimba Andrographis paniculatus

Damkurudu Gardenia latifolia

Dhatki Woodfordia fruticosa

Khajuri Phoenix spp.

Kurei/Keruan Holanhena antidysenterica

Kurudu Gardenia spp.

Modimodica Helicteres isora

Pokasunga Ageratum conyzoides

Ranikathi Flemingia chapper

Telkuria Ixora arborea

Kanteikoli Ziziphus numulana

GRASSES / CLIMBERS

Common Name Botanical Name

Khara grass Imperata cylindrical

36

Phulabandhuni Thysanolaena maxima

Sabai Eulaliopsis binata

Sinkola Heteropogon contortus

Atundi Combretum decandrum

Anatamula Hemidesmus indicus

Palas lai Butea superb

Satabari Asparagus racemosus

Siali Bahuhinia vahlii

List of Aquatic Plants in Buffer Zone:

Botanical Name Local / Common Name

Ipomopea crassicaulis Amari

Ipomoea aquatica Kalama

Nymphea alba Dhala Kain

Nymphea stellata Nila Kain

Ipomoea crassicaulis Amari

Ipomea aquatic Kalama

Nymphea alba Dhala Kain

Nymphea stellata Nila Kain

Nymphea nouchalli Lal Kain

Hydrila verticillata Chingudi Dala

No endangered, endemic and ethano-botanical or economic flora is recorded from Core zone of the

project area

37

7.2 FAUNA

Among the faunal groups avifauna of terrestrial inhabitants of passerine category birds are conspicuous

in grass lands (degraded forest) and forests present within the study area of the project.

The domesticated animals like Goat (Capra aegagrus); Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis); Cow (Bos primigenius);

and Dog (Canis lupus familaris) were found in villages. The aquatic habitats consist of Lilari nala and Ib

River, Ponds; Ditches and water logged areas were represented by fin-fish (fishes), shell-fish (mollusk)

and prawns (crustaceans) of seasonal varieties.

- Core zone:

The Core zone is non-forest, non- agricultural and undeveloped. It is non-coal bearing virgin solid land. At

core zone small bushes exists. The core zone is devoid of natural vegetation. The wild animals are rare in

this area.

There are no aquatic bodies present in the core zone of the project. So, aquatic fauna were not observed

in core zone of the project. The check lists of faunal elements of core zone have been presented in Table

below.

7.2 (a) FAUNA OF CORE ZONE

List of Terrestrial Fauna in Core Zone:

(a) Mammals

Zoological Name Common Name Status in wildlife

(Protection)Act

ICUN

RDB

Petropus medius Bat - LC

Rattus rattus Musa - LC

Presbytis entellus Monkey Schedule-II LC

Funanbulus pennati Squirrel Schedule-IV LC

Herpestis edwardsi Mongoose Schedule-IV LC

38

(b) Birds

Zoological Name Common Name Status in wildlife

(Protection) Act

ICUN

RDB

Columbia livia Pegion - LC

Vorvus splendens House crow - LC

Passer domesticus Common sparrow - LC

Ploveus phillippinus Baya weaver Bird - LC

Cuculus microptens Cuckoo Schedule-IV LC

Bulbulcuc iibis Cattle egret Schedule-IV LC

Psttacula columboides Parrot (Sua) Schedule-IV LC

Alcedo atthis bengalensis King fisher Schedule-IV LC

Acriodotheres tristis Myna Schedule-IV LC

(c) Reptiles

Zoological Name Common Name

Status in Wildlife

(Protection) Act

ICUN

RDB

Bungarus coerulens Common krait IV LC

Bungarus fasciatus Banded krait IV LC

Ptyas mucosus Dhamana II LC

Calotes versicolar Garden lizard IV LC

Naja tripudians Common cobra IV LC

39

(d) Amphibians

Zoological Name Common Name Status in Wildlife

(Protection) Act

ICUN

RDB

Rhacophorous maculates Tree frog - LC

Bufo malanostictus Indian toad - LC

Rana tigrina Indian bull frog IV LC

During survey, it is observed that endangered, endemic and migratory species are not present in the study

area. Also, migratory corridors, flight paths and spawning grounds are not present in the study area.

7.2(b) FAUNA OF BUFFER ZONE:

Among the faunal groups avifauna of terrestrial inhabitants of passerine category birds are conspicuous

in grass lands (degraded forest) and forest present in the buffer zone of the project.

The aquatic habitats consist of

Lilari nala Ib River and ponds; ditches and water logged areas were represented by fin-fish (fishes),

shell-fish (mollusk) and prawns (crustaceans) of seasonal varieties. The check lists of faunal

elements of core and buffer zone have been presented in Table below.

List of Terrestrial Fauna in Buffer Zone

(a) Mammals


(Protection) Act ICUN RDB

Canis aureus Jackal II LC

Felis chaus Jungle cat IV LC

Funabulus pnnati Squirrel IV LC

40

Herpestis edwardsi Mongoose IV LC

Macaca muilata Monkey II LC

Orytologus cunicutus Rabbit - LC

Pteropus medius Bat - LC

Rattus rattus Musa - LC

Ratufa indica centralis Belera musa II LC

Hyaena Striped Hyena III LC

Sus scrofa cristatus Wild boar III LC

Viverricula indica Saliapatani II LC

Axis axis axis Spotted deer III LC

Hystrix indica Porcupine - LC

Vulpes bengalensis Kokisiali II LC

(b) Birds


(Protection) Act Schedule

ICUN

RDB

Pavo cristatus Common peafowl I LC

Acridotheres tritis Myna IV LC

Ardea alba Large egret IV LC

Brachypternus bengalensis Wood Pecker II LC

Bulbulcus ibis Cattle egret IV LC

Columbia IMa Pigeon IV LC

Cuculus microptens Cuckoo IV LC

Cypis bengalensis Vulture IV LC

Eudynamis scolopacea Indian cuckoo IV LC

41

Gallus gallus Owl IV LC

Ploceus phillippinus Baya weaver Bird IV LC

Alcedo attjis bengalensis King fisher IV LC

Milvus migrans Common kite IV LC

Milvus migrans Common pariah kite IV LC

Mofpastes cafer Bulbul IV LC

Passer domesticus Common sparrow IV LC

Streptopeflica sp. Dove IV LC

Ardeela grayii Pond heron IV LC

Psittacula columboides Parrot IV LC

(c) Reptiles

Zoological Name Common Name

Status in Wildlife

(Protection) Act

ICUN

RDB

BUngarus coerulens Common krait IV LC

Bungarus fasciatus Banded krait IV LC

Cyrtodactylus nebulosus Kandi endua IV LC

Dendrelaphis ahaetulla Chiti IV LC

Hemidactylus brooki Gecko/Jhitipiti IV LC

Naja Kaouthia Tampa II LC

XEnochrophis piscator Dhanda II LC

Calotes versicolar Garden lizard IV LC

Chameleon sp Bahurupi II LC

Chitra indica Turtle IV LC

Naja tripudians Common cobra IV LC

42

Natrix piscator Water snake IV LC

Python molurus Python I NT

Testudo elegans Tortoise(land) II LC

Zamenis mucosus Rat snake II LC

(d) Amphibians


(Protection) Act

ICUN

RDB

Rhacophorous maculates Tree frog - LC

Bufo malanostictus Indian toad - LC

Rana tigrina Indian bull frog IV LC

List of Aquatic Fauna in Buffer Zone (a) Fishes:


(Protection) Act

Anabas sp. Kau IV

Catla catla Catla IV

Channajachua Cheng IV

Cirrihana mrigal Mrigal IV

Labeo calabasu Blackish rohu IV

Labeo rohita Rohu IV

Mustus vittatus tenga IV

Opicephalus marulius Murret IV

Ophicephalus punctatus Gadai IV

43

During survey, it is observed that endangered, endemic and migratory species are not present in the study

area. Also, migratory corridors, flight paths and spawning grounds are not present in the study area.

8.0 SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY REPORT

8.1 INTRODUCTION

Socio-economic condition of a locality is a result of the nature and extent of its

development along with a resource for its future development. Health, education and economic

condition of the population are not only the result of the type and pace of development efforts

undertaken there but, also indicate the type of development which is required and can be

undertaken. A family’s socioeconomic status is based on income, parental education level,

occupation and social status in the community.

Social development paves the way for economic development. Education is universally

acknowledged as one of the key inputs contributing to the process of individual and national

development. Shelter is a basic human need to food and clothing. Availability of potable drinking

water and proper sanitation are prerequisites for healthy human life.

8.2 METHODOLOGY OF SAMPLING

The study of Socio-economic environment is an integral part of Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA). The study includes the Social profile, Economic, Infrastructure facilities,

Occurrence of historical / Archaeological sites and presence of important features of the area

(Core zone and Buffer zone 10 Km radius from mine lease area). All this information is collected

from the census of 2011 and reported in this report.

In order to validate the census data, house hold survey of 250 households was made by floating

questionnaire to the residence and local people of different villages and village head (Sarpanch /

Police Patil) etc. Sample size varies as per need, time and convenience. Occupational health status

of the above for the different age group and sex was also collected.

Village boundary maps as per Census 2011 have been used to collect data; same has been attached

for your reference.

Identify District and Sub-district of Study area from Map provided by CMPDIL.

44

Mark 8 corner villages from 8 directions (N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW) on thesub-district

maps.

Mark a border connecting the above 8 points

Report villages within the boundary.

8.3 RATIONALE BEHIND SAMPLING

As per census 2011, villages from core zone/buffer zone closest to the core zone boundary

were selected and surveyed. Villages for HH Survey were chosen as per Accessibility,

Population density, Vicinity to core zone.

8.4 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA

The study area comprises 78 villages, with a total population of 92398 persons.

8.5 AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE

The village details W.R.T number of households and total population is covered in AnnexureA_1.

Average household size lies between 4 and5 persons per family, in the study area.

Avg_HH_Size = (Total Population) / (No of Households)

Below is the summary of the same.

Table :Summary Avg - HH size

No of Households Total Population Avg_HH_Size (Persons)

21849 92398 4

8.6 POPULATION CASTE WISE BREAKUP

Below is the summary of the same data, in tabular and figurative form.

Table: Summary Caste distribution

POPULATION SC ST OC

POP M F POP M F POP M F POP M F

TOT 92398

47066 45332 17108 8693 8415 35321 17574 17747 39969 20799 19170

% 50.94% 49.06% 18.52% 50.81% 49.19% 38.23% 49.76% 50.24% 43.26% 52.04% 47.96%

45

Fig-1: Caste distribution Fig-2: M / F Caste wise comparison

8.7 LITERACY WISE BREAKUP


Fig-3: Literacy distribution Fig-4: M / F Literacy comparison

Table: Summary Literacy Status

LITERATES ILLITERATES

POP M F POP M F

TOT 65521 36770 28751 26877 10296 16581

% 70.91% 56.12% 43.88% 29.09% 38.31% 61.69%

71%

29%

Literacy wise distribution

LIT ILLIT

45.00%

46.00%

47.00%

48.00%

49.00%

50.00%

51.00%

52.00%

53.00%

SC_M SC_F ST_M ST_F OC_M OC_F

50.81%

49.19%49.76%

50.24%

52.04%

47.96%

M/F distribution caste wise

0.00%

50.00%

100.00% 56.12%43.88% 38.31%

61.69%

M/F comparison literacy wise

19%

38%

43%

Caste wise distribution

SC

ST

OC

46

8.8 SEX RATIO

Sex ratio is an indicator of social status. In places where women have a better social status, there

the difference between the numbers of male and female is less, the ratio is found to be close to

1:1.

Below is the summary of the same data in tabular form, representing number of female every1000

male.

Sex ratio = (Number of females*1000) / (Number of males)

Table: Summary sex ratio

TOTAL SC ST OC

963 968 1010 922

The ideal sex ratio is 1:1. From the above table, it can be observed that in study area, the number

of female per 1000 male is less than required.

8.9 ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA

The census classifies workers into two groups, namely, ‘Main workers’ and ‘Marginal workers’.

Main Workers are those who have worked for the major part of the reference period, i.e. 6 months

or more. Marginal Workers are those who have not worked for the major part of the reference

period i.e. less than 6 months.

The main/marginal workers are classified on the basis of Industrial category of workers in

following four categories:

Cultivators

Agricultural Laborers

Household Industry Workers

Other Workers


Table: Summary Worker classification

WORKERS NON_WORKERS

TOT M F TOT M F

TOT 37629 27157 10472 54769 19909 34860

% 40.72% 72.17% 27.83% 59.28% 36.35% 63.65%

47

MAIN WORKERS MARGINAL WORKERS

TOT M F TOT M F

TOT 25913

21278 4635 11716

5879 5837

% 82.11% 17.89% 50.18% 49.82%

MAIN_CL MAIN_AL MAIN_HH MAIN_OT

M F M F M F M F

TOT 5097 472 1908 501 721 1102 13552 2560

% 91.52% 8.48% 79.20% 20.80% 39.55% 60.45% 84.11% 15.89%

MARG_CL MARG_AL MARG_HH MARG_OT

M F M F M F M F

TOT 765 427 2063 2539 325 949 2726 1922

% 64.18% 35.82% 44.83% 55.17% 25.51% 74.49% 58.65% 41.35%

Fig-5: M/F Worker class comparison

41%

59%

Worker class distribution

WORKERS

NON_WORKERS

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%82.11%

17.89%

50.18% 49.82%

M/F distribution worker wise

48

Fig-6: Main /Marginal worker distribution

The number of female workers is less than half the number of male workers. In urban areas,

majority of F workers are engaged in households industry and other work.

8.10 INFRASTRUCTURE PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA

8.11 LAND USE DISTRIBUTION

Land use and land management practices have a major impact on natural

resources, including water, soil, nutrients, plants and animals. Land use information can be used

to develop solutions for Natural Resource Management.

Table: Summary Land – use distribution

Forest Area 17.40%

Area under Non-Agricultural Uses 13.10%

Barren & Un-cultivable Land Area 1.29%

Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Land Area 1.24%

Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Area 11.13%

Cultivable Waste Land Area 0.64%

Fallows Land other than Current Fallows Area 0.46%

Current Fallows Area 22.87%

Net Area Sown 31.87%

Wells/ Tube Wells Area 0.02%

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

M F M F M F M F

MAIN_CL MAIN_AL MAIN_HH MAIN_OT

91.52%

8.48%

79.20%

20.80%

39.55%

60.45%

84.11%

15.89%

M/F distribution -Main Worker

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

M F M F M F M F

MARG_CL MARG_AL MARG_HH MARG_OT

64.18%

35.82%

44.83%

55.17%

25.51%

74.49%

58.65%

41.35%

M/F distribution - Marginal Worker

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_managementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_resourceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_resourceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrienthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal

49

Fig-7: Land use comparison

From above we can observe that % of Non- irrigated Land is much higher than irrigated land.

Also, % of barren land is negligible. The study area soil conditions are favorable for forestation.

8.12 EDUCATION INSTITUTE STATUS

Below is the summary for the same.

Table: Education availability

Number of villages A NA

Govt Pre-Primary Sch. 0 75

Private Pre - Primary Sch. 2 73

Govt Primary Sch. 70 5

Private Primary Sch. 6 69

Govt Middle Sch. 39 36

Private Middle Sch. 3 72

Govt Secondary Sch. 20 55

Private Secondary Sch. 3 72

Govt Senior Secondary Sch. 3 72

Private Senior Secondary Sch. 2 73

Govt Arts and Science Degree Colg. 2 73

Private Arts and Science Degree Colg. 1 74

Govt Engineering Colg. 0 75

Private Engineering Colg. 0 75

Govt Medicine Colg. 0 75

Private Medicine Colg. 0 75

Govt Management Institute 0 75

17%

13%

1%1%

11%

1%1%

23%

32%

0%

Land Use DistributionForest Area

Area under Non-Agricultural Uses

Barren & Un-cultivable Land Area

Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Land Area

Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Area

Culturable Waste Land Area

Fallows Land other than Current Fallows Area

Current Fallows Area

Net Area Sown

Wells/ Tube Wells Area

50

Private Management Institute 0 75

Table: Education availability if not within the village

10 km Pre-Primary School 7 19 22

Primary School 4 1 0

Private Middle School 15 20 1

Secondary School 31 22 0

Senior Secondary School 9 31 30

Arts and Science Degree College 3 16 54

Engineering College 0 1 74

Medicine College 0 0 75

Management Institute 0 0 75

From above, it can be observed that primary/middle school education is available in most villages.

Secondary/Senior-secondary education is available within 10 kms range for most villages.

8.13 WATER SUPPLY

Uses of water include agricultural,

industrial, household, recreational and environmental activities Providing a better water

supply can significantly improve the quality of life and is a source of, and the condition for, a

socio-economic development.

Some diseases in poor or developing countries are related to insufficient or unsafe water,

together with local factors as climate, density of population, local practices etc.

8.14 HOUSE HOLD SURVEY

250 households of 5 villages with a population of 1162 were surveyed for below data.

HH Survey - Household Size Average

HH Survey - Household Size Average

Zone Village number Village name HH Population HH_Size

Core Zone No villages

< 500 m No villages

< 500 m

381019 Khaliapali 45 200 4

381022 Tingismal 40 185 5

381023 Khairkuni 45 180 4

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculturalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Householdhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recreationalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_environment

51

381025 Ubuda 40 172 4

381043 Darlipali 40 200 5

381049 New Chharla 40 225 6

Total 250 1162 5

HH Survey -Male Female distribution

Village name TOT_M TOT_F

Khaliapali 98 102

Tingismal 98 87

Khairkuni 92 88

Ubuda 93 79

Darlipali 109 91

New Chharla 120 105

Total 610 552

HH Survey –Caste wise distribution

Village name Population SC ST GEN OBC

Khaliapali 200 5 187 0 8

Tingismal 185 0 181 4 0

Khairkuni 180 5 170 0 5

Ubuda 172 5 155 6 6

Darlipali 200 0 190 10 0

New Chharla 225 5 200 15 5

TOTAL 1162 20 1083 35 24

% 1.72% 93.20% 3.01% 2.07%

HH Survey –Male female Caste wise distribution

Village name Population SC_M SC_F ST_M ST_F GEN_M GEN_F OBC_M OBC_F

Khaliapali 200 3 2 90 97 0 0 5 3

Tingismal 185 0 0 96 85 2 2 0 0

Khairkuni 180 3 2 87 83 0 0 2 3

Ubuda 172 2 3 85 70 3 3 3 3

Darlipali 200 0 0 102 88 7 3 0 0

New Chharla 225 2 3 108 92 8 7 2 3

TOTAL 1162 10 10 568 515 20 15 12 12

% 50.00% 50.00% 52.45% 47.55% 57.14% 42.86% 50.00% 100.00%

52

HH Survey –Literacy structure distribution

Village Name Total

Population

ILLETERATE LITERATE TOTAL

M F M F ILLIT. LIT.

Khaliapali 200 45 52 53 50 97 103

Tingismal 185 33 42 65 45 75 110

Khairkuni 180 25 38 67 50 63 117

Ubuda 172 30 28 63 51 58 114

Darlipali 200 45 35 64 56 80 120

New Chharla 225 48 35 72 70 83 142

TOTAL 1162 226 230 384 322 456 706

PERCENTAGE (%) 49.56% 50.44% 54.39% 45.61% 39.24% 60.76%

HH Survey –Average income and source of income distribution

Village Name Total

Population

Avg income

PA Labour Agriculture

Private

Sector Govt.

Khaliapali 200 3.50 35% 25% 20% 20%

Tingismal 185 5.00 28% 40% 15% 17%

Khairkuni 180 4.50 38% 35% 12% 15%

Ubuda 172 4.50 35% 40% 13% 12%

Darlipali 200 4.50 30% 40% 20% 10%

New Chharla 225 3.75 28% 36% 21% 15%

HH Survey –Village basic facilities

Village Post

Office

Drinking

Water

Medica

l School Power

Approach to

Village

Transportatio

n

Khaliapali 0-5 kms 0-5 kms 0-5 kms 0-5 kms Availabl

e Pucca road 5-10 kms

Tingismal 5-10 kms 0-5 kms >10

kms 0-5 kms

Availabl

e Kuccha road 5-10 kms

Khairkuni 0-5 kms 0-5 kms 5-10

kms 0-5 kms

Availabl


Ubuda 0-5 kms 0-5 kms >10

kms 0-5 kms

Availabl


Darlipali 0-5 kms 0-5 kms 0-5 kms 0-5 kms Availabl


New

Chharla 0-5 kms 0-5 kms

5-10

kms 0-5 kms

Availabl


Basic amenities are available within the distance of 10 Km.

Infrastructure for primary education is available within 10 km.

Medical amenities is available within the range of 10 kms

53

The villages are connected with Electric lines but power is intermittently supplied as in all

rural areas of the state particularly in summer season.

The fuel for cooking purpose is L.P.G, kerosene, Coal or Firewood.

Most of the villages are connected with fair (tar/mud) roads with state transport facilities.

Motor cycles, Cycles are used for traveling purposes. Tractors, Trucks are used for carrying

materials.

During survey, it is observed that, people are very conservative about informing their income.

The maximum expenses are on food and clothing.

8.15 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY

Under the Occupational Health and Safety Act, occupational illness is defined as a condition that

results from exposure in a workplace to a physical, chemical or biological agent to the extent that

the normal physiological mechanisms are affected and the health of the worker is impaired.

Mining is an ancient occupation, long recognized as being arduous and liable to injury and disease.

Coal miners are exposed to a variety of dusts including silica.

The following are the different occupational health hazards of coal mining processes.

A) Physical hazards

Traumatic injury remains a significant problem and ranges from the trivial to the fatal Common

causes of fatal injury include fires, explosions, mobile equipment accidents, falls from height,

entrapment and electrocution. Less common but recognized causes of fatal injury include

flooding of underground workings,

Noise is almost ubiquitous in mining. It is generated by drilling, blasting, cutting, materials

handling, ventilation, crushing, conveying and ore processing. Noise-induced hearing loss

remains common.

Heat and humidity are encountered in deep underground mines, where the virgin rock temperatures

and air temperatures increase with depth. Fatal heat stroke has been a significant problem.

Whole body vibration is commonly experienced whilst operating mobile equipment. This can

cause or exacerbate pre-existing spinal disorders. Poorly maintained roads and vehicles

contribute to the problem. Hand–arm vibration syndrome is also encountered with the use of

vibrating tools such as air leg rock drills.

B) Chemical hazards

54

Crystalline silica has long been a serious hazard in coal mining, with the risk of silicosis.

Prolonged exposure to crystalline silica can also cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Prolonged silica exposure accelerated silicosis in rheumatoid arthritis and of renal disease also

increases the risk of lung cancer.

Coal dust has also been a serious hazard in mining, causing coal workers’ pneumoconiosis or

‘black lung’ and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Emphysema is a lung disease involving damage to the air sacs or alveoli. The lungs lose their

elasticity and become less able to expand and contract.

Diesel particulate exposures occur in underground mines because of diesel powered mobile

equipment, used primarily for drilling and haulage. Diesel particulate is an IARC Group 2A

probable human carcinogen.

Arsenic, Nickel increases the risk of lung cancer and nasal sinus cancer. Lead, Cadmium,

Manganese, Platinum and Cobalt, present health hazards

Coal dust and methane gas explosions in underground coal mines remain a serious risk. Some

underground coal mines also have problems with carbon dioxide and Hydrogen sulphide gas.

C) Biological hazards

The risk of tropical diseases such as malaria and dengue fever is substantial at some remote

mining locations.

D) Ergonomic hazards

Although mining has become increasingly mechanized, there is still a substantial amount of

manual handling. Cumulative trauma disorders continue to constitute the largest category of

occupational disease in mining.

Most mines operate 24 h per day, 7 days per week, so shift work is very common. Sleep deficits

may cause fatigue

E) Psychosocial hazards

Drug and alcohol abuse has been a difficult issue to deal with in mining. Remote locations are

common in mining. As a result, there has been a trend towards ‘fly-in-fly-out’ operations, with

mine employees separated from their families and communities during work periods.

Expatriate placements are also common in mining and the associated psychosocial hazards are

common.

55

Unfortunately, fatal and severe traumatic injuries continue to occur in mining and often have a

profound impact on morale. Post-traumatic stress disorders sometimes develop in witnesses,

colleagues and managers.

Health status surveyed villages

HH _ : Health Status

Disease 0-5 years 5 - 18 years 18 - 40 years > 40 Years

Asthma Yes Yes Yes Yes

Hypertension No No Yes Yes

Sugar No No Yes Yes

TB Yes Yes Yes Yes

Malaria Yes Yes Yes Yes

Cholera No No No No

Jaundice Yes Yes Yes Yes

Diarrhea Yes Yes Yes Yes

Chicken Pox Yes Yes No No

Skin Disease Yes Yes Yes Yes

Paralytic Attack No No No Yes

Heart Attack No No No Yes

Sinusitis No Yes Yes Yes

Thyroid No No Yes Yes

Arthritis No No Yes Yes

Anemia Yes Yes Yes Yes

Gastritis Yes Yes Yes Yes

Overall Health status of surveyed villages

Health is good Cannot Say

Major Disease Found No

Dog Menace Yes

Mosquito menace Yes

Water contamination Yes

Solid Waste accumalation Yes

Air pollution Yes

Dust problem Yes

Noise problem Yes

Alcoholism Yes

8.16 PUBLIC AWARENESS AND OPINION ABOUT THE PROJECT

Most of the respondents are aware about the project. 85% respondents have favorable opinion, 10

% have unfavorable opinion and 5% have not given any opinion.

The respondents were asked to opine about the project. They expect increase in job opportunities,

improvement in educational, transport, medical, housing, sanitation facilities.

56

Unfavorable opinion can be attributed to increase in environmental pollution, crimes and increase

in the cost of commodities.

8.17 IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT:

The direct & indirect employment generated due to mining operation has a great impact for

balancing overall socio economical condition of the people around the area. The impact of mining

activity in the area is positive on the socio-economic environment of the region. This project will

improve socio-economic status of the joining areas and will help to meet the energy demand of the

nation.

8.18 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT

SOCIAL IMPACT

Population growth:

Only small manpower will be deployed for the mining operation. Out of 99 manpower 24%

manpower will be of unskilled category and mostly will be from local population.

Educational facilities

A number of educational institutes are already there in the buffer zone and its neighbourhood.

The facilities already provided in the neighbouring projects will cater to the need of this project.

So there will be no migration of population .Further, the educational institutes owned by MCL

are also accessible to local population.

Healthcare facilities

The coal company has a number of healthcare centres including a well-equipped Regional

Hospital and a specialised “referral” hospital in the coalfield area. Healthcare facilities have

been provided in the neighbouring projects. The above facilities will cater to the need of

employees of this project. The local people can also avail these healthcare facilities.

There will be improvement in infrastructure facilities like drinking water, medical, educational,

schools etc. There will be overall gain with respect to improvement in social and economic aspect.

This will lead to the overall development of the society.

Economic growth associated with coal mining activity leads to semi urban like

development of ancillary and supporting industries and other related activities.

57

The project is likely to give a boost to the economy of the area and providing primary

and secondary employment to local people.

Mining activity will lead to development stimulated by the project which could have

impact on supporting infrastructure i.e. roads, power supply, housing development etc.

This Mining project is providing employment to local population and preference will be

given to the local people whenever there is requirement of man power.

With increase in income and employment opportunity social status of locals will

improve

The project will have no adverse impact on people’s welfare. On the contrary several welfare

programs will be taken up for community development as per CIL policy.

58

8.19 Air Environment

8.19.1 Predicted Impact The source of air pollution from the coal washery includes from ROM coal transportation, loading

and unloading from trucks, handling, grinding, sizing, screening, grinding and intermediate

process operations, drying and storage etc.

The impacts on ambient air quality are highlighted in the following paragraphs:

(a) The ambient air quality is influenced due to the presence of SPM, PM10, PM2.5, SO2& NOx,

which are generated due to various activities like run-of-mine, transportation, loading and

unloading from trucks, wagons, handling, grinding, sizing, screening, grinding and intermediate

process operations, drying and storage etc. Further, the ambient air quality may be affected

marginally to a varying degree due to the mining activities of other nearby mines of MCL. The

concentration of pollutants may vary depending upon the various micro-meteorological

parameters and the seasons of a year.

(b) As the project area (core zone) of the coal washery is small,the effect on the climate,

rainfall, and temperature shall be negligible.

(c) During the operational phase, activities necessary for washing of coal, its handling and

transport are taken up. Such activities having impact on ambient air quality are detailed below:

8.19.2 Sources of pollution

S No. Source of Pollution Pollutant

I. Coal (RoM) handling :

Dust

II. Loading and unloading of Wagons/conveyors

: Dust

III. Coal crushing- Primary and Secondary

: Dust

IV. Coal Screening : Dust

V. Coal Sizing : Dust

VI. Reject transportation and handling, : Dust

VII. Washed coal handling : Dust

VIII. Reject storage : Dust

IX. Movement of vehicles : Dust and noxious fumes

8.19.3 Mitigation Measures

Details of Fugitive Emission Sources and Mitigation Measures

S. No.

Identified Source of Fugitive Emission

Planned Mitigation

1 Receiving Hopper Sprinkling

2 Surge Hopper Sprinkling

59

3 Crushing / Dry Screening Dust Extraction System

4 Coal Stock Yard Sprinkling

5 Washing ( Wet Process ) Coal Becomes Wet Hence Does Not Cause Fugitive Emission

6 Washed Coal Stock

7 Rejects Stock

8 Belt Conveyors Covered Conveyor

Dust suppression within the washery shall be done by sprinkling of water. Monitoring the condition of transfer chutes and skirt boards and replacing/repairing shall

be done on regular basis during the normal inspection by the concerned persons along with the sectional heads.

Water spraying for dust suppression at temporary storage site for reject shall be done regularly.

Road inside the plant shall be paved to minimize the dust due to vehicle movement. To minimize the generation of fugitive dust in conveyance of washery products following

arrangements have been made:

Green belt (50m wide) in and around the washery site including around the conveyor, vacant places shall be developed to control dust emission.

Efforts for good housekeeping will minimize dust nuisance within the plant premises. The crushers/pulverizers of the coal washeries shall be provided with enclosures fitted

with suitable air pollution control measures. Water spray arrangements shall be provided at all strategic coal transfer points,

enclosures for conveyors etc.

The ambient air quality of the proposed washery as per Base line report are within the

limits of the prescribed standard. Suitable mitigation measures as described above shall

be taken to make the washery operation eco-friendly, which will result in negligible

adverse effect on human being, flora and fauna, soil quality, surface structures and

aesthetic value of the surrounding environment.

8.19.4 Air Quality Modelling for Impact assessment

For cumulative impact assessment of air Fugitive Dust Model (FDM) software has been used to calculate the incremental values with control measures over the monitoring data collected as baseline for the Ib-Valley Washery site. Since the neighbouring mines are in working condition i.e. to say the coal mining is being done at Belpahar OC, Lakhanpur OC, Lilari OC and Samleswari OCP; thus the data collected (baseline values for IB Valley washery) represents the cumulative values of present air quality. The modelling has been done based on these cumulative values thus giving a cumulative impact assessment. The details of result obtained from the FDM modelling is as given below in Table below

60

Table– Cumulative Impact Assessment Data

Sl No

Station Code

Village Baseline data PM 10

Incremental value PM 10

Total Value PM 10

Permissible Limit

Remarks

1 A2 Chharla village 194 8.2 202.2 300 Within permissible limit

2 A1 Bandhbahal village

202 4.2 206.2 300 Within permissible limit

3 A3 Derlipali 153 2.1 155.1 300 Within permissible limit

4 A4 Tingismal 199 0 199 300 Within permissible limit

5 A5 Bhutia 156 0 156 300 Within permissible limit

6 A6 Pandri 140 0 140 300 Within permissible limit

7 A7 Kudapada 140 0 140 300 Within permissible limit

8 A8 Telinpali 129 0 129 300 Within permissible limit

It can be observed from the above that the total values are well within the prescribed limit of 300 µg/m3 for PM10 as per Coal Mining Standard vide Gazette Notification no. G.S.R. 742(E) dt. 25th September 2000.

63

Annexure-I

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