Brainstorm for PPO options. Resources. Methods. OT conc. Belt. add safety. Lock-up a set of options into an alternative:. OT steel. Bridge. welding sup. Baseline Alternative. Finish-Start. Add Soffit. 3+weld crew. Test options with intra-disciplinary applications:. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Synthesis Proces s Acceleration Alternative Produc t Org. Brainstorm for PPO options Test options with intra-disciplinary applications: Lock-up a set of options into an alternative: Cost Resour ce Proces s Produc t Org. Brainstorm for PPO options Test options with intra-disciplinary applications: Planning Cost Resour ce Baseline Alternative Lock-up a set of options into an alternative: Briefing iRoom highlight Describe and explain: explain Analysis Functional require. Evaluate and predict: What-if? Proces s OT conc. OT steel Concurre nt Produc t Belt Bridge Add Soffit w 3 s Brainstorm for PPO options Cost Resour ce Planning Proces s OT conc. OT steel Finish- Start Produc t Belt Bridge Add Soffit Org. welding sup 3+weld crew add safety Brainstorm for PPO options Planning Cost Resour ce Briefing iRoom highlight Describe and explain: explain Analysis Functional require. Evaluate and predict: What-if? PPO Option data, functional requirements Macro Production Plan Query Test new criteria Resources Resources Methods Methods Decision Network Alternatives Courses • XML data files • CIFE applications • iRoom infrastructure • Hierarchical PPO object concept • XML schema for AEC alternatives hierarchically represent, centrally integrate, and automatically propagate Planning | Synthesis | Briefing | Analysis | Decision or Re-plan Research Approach: how integrative synthesis supports decision briefing and analysis Planning | Synthesis | Briefing | Analysis | Decision or Re-plan Current Process: fragmanted, sequential, inflexible OT conc. OT steel Finish- Start Belt Bridge Add Soffit welding sup 3+weld crew add safety OT conc. OT steel Finish- Start Belt Bridge Add Soffit welding sup 3+weld crew add safety
Transcript
Synthesis
Process
Acceleration Alternative
Product Org.
Brainstorm for PPO options
Test options with intra-disciplinary applications:
Lock-up a set of options into an alternative:
Cost Resource
Process Product Org.
Brainstorm for PPO options
Test options with intra-disciplinary applications:
Planning
Cost Resource
Baseline Alternative
Lock-up a set of options into an alternative:
Briefing
iRoom highlight
Describe and explain:
explain
Analysis
Functional require.
Evaluate and predict:
What-if?
Process
OT conc.
OT steel
Concurrent
Product
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
Org.
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Brainstorm for PPO options
Cost Resource
Planning
Process
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Product
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
Org.
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Brainstorm for PPO options
Planning
Cost Resource
Briefing
iRoom highlight
Describe and explain:
explain
Analysis
Functional require.
Evaluate and predict:
What-if?
PPO Option data,
functional requirements
Macro Production Plan Query
Test new criteria
ResourcesResources
MethodsMethods
Decision Network
Alternatives Courses
• XML data files
• CIFE applications
• iRoom infrastructure
• Hierarchical PPO object concept
• XML schema for AEC alternatives
hierarchically represent,
centrally integrate, and
automatically propagate
Planning | Synthesis | Briefing | Analysis | Decision or Re-plan Research Approach: how integrative synthesis supports decision briefing and analysis
Planning | Synthesis | Briefing | Analysis | Decision or Re-plan Current Process: fragmanted, sequential, inflexible
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Generalize
• The integration of heterogeneous options/ alternatives with heterogeneous information to support AEC decision-making tasks (DEEP)
• Such heterogeneous options/alternatives may be product (belt/bridge), process (OT/no OT), or organization (additional welding/original team)
• Such heterogeneous information are decision factors, which may include: functional requirements, cost, duration, precedence relationships, etc.
Contribution
• An extensible schema/relationship structure, which integrates options with decision factors.
• An interactive decision network, which represents and interlinks multiple types of information to support AEC decision-making tasks (e.g., to query decision factors, manipulate options, and select alternatives). – A CPM Gantt chart represents 1 information type for 1
option– A project curve represents 2 information types for 1 option– A 4D model represents 2 information types for 1 option– A decision network has the potential to embody multiple
information types (e.g., time, cost, organization, linkage to 3D objects, etc.) for multiple options
Evidence
• Degree of integration (in briefings—descriptions and explanations)a higher degree of integration would allow decision makers to describe and explain integrated decision factors more quickly and comprehensively.
• Degree of flexibility and extensibility (in evaluations)a higher degree of flexibility and extensibility would allow decision makers to evaluate more decision alternatives informatively with appropriate foci.
• Degree of repeatability (in predictions/re-evaluations)a higher degree of repeatability and responsiveness in handling new decision criterions would allow decision makers to quickly incorporate performance predictions, evaluate new decision criterions, and iteratively unlock/lock options.
Decision PlanAnalysisBriefingSynthesisPlanning
What-if?
What are the appropriate duration, unit rates, network logic, supervisor?
AEC Decision-Making Process in Selecting Project Alternativesiterative, multilateral, alternatives, creativity while influence level is relatively high
How to generate a PPO proposal? Based on the best available knowledge and criteria at the time
How to effectively present the alternative proposals to the decision makers?
Does the alternative meet the functional requirements? Decision criteria?
What if we relax the functional requirements, refine the decision criteria? Can the project team generate other creative alternatives?
Laydown and
Access
Background Case—Product, Process, Organization, Cost, and the Issues
Steel Sub
WelderErector
GC
Concrete Sub
Rebar Carpenter
lower level parking $ 733k
retail steel $ 657k
Total $ 13,069k (-0.2%)
Risk Issues
• Low coordination risk in baseline schedule, on time and on budget
3/11/02
Unforeseen Site Condition—Contaminated Soil, Native Indian Remains
Laydown and
Access
2-Month Delay and its Impact
Steel Sub
WelderErector
GC
Concrete Sub
Rebar Carpenter
Risk Issues
• The project would miss the turnover deadlines and the retail business window
• The owner requested the GC to come up with acceleration proposals for an OAC meeting
Owner
lower level parking $ 733k
retail steel $ 657k
Total $ 13,171k (+0.5%)
5/13/02
+54D
+56D
Laydown and
Access
Planning—How to accelerate?
Steel Sub
Welding Team 1, 2, 3Erector OT
GC
Concrete Sub
Rebar OT Carpenter OT
Risk issues/Uncertainty associated with the alternative
• High risk—concerns about production by the fabricator
• High risk—the impact of overtime work on productivity and rework
Owner
lower level parking $ ???k(+??%)
retail steel $ ???k(+??%)
Total $ ??,???k (+??%)
Additional Soffit Forming Material
How much can we accelerate by overtime and multiple welding team?
How much can we accelerate by additional formwork and overtime work?
Welding Sup
Synthesis
Process
Acceleration Alternative
Product Org.
Brainstorm for PPO options
Test options with intra-disciplinary applications:
Lock-up a set of options into an alternative:
Cost Resource
Process Product Org.
Brainstorm for PPO options
Test options with intra-disciplinary applications:
Planning
Cost Resource
Baseline Alternative
Lock-up a set of options into an alternative:
Briefing
iRoom highlight
Describe and explain:
explain
Analysis
Functional require.
Evaluate and predict:
What-if?
Process
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Product
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
Org.
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Brainstorm for PPO options
Cost Resource
Planning
Process
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Product
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
Org.
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Brainstorm for PPO options
Planning
Cost Resource
Briefing
iRoom highlight
Describe and explain:
explain
Analysis
Functional require.
Evaluate and predict:
What-if?
PPO Option data,
functional requirements
Macro Production Plan Query
Test new criteria
ResourcesResources
MethodsMethods
Decision Network
Alternatives Courses
• XML data files
• CIFE applications
• iRoom infrastructure
• Hierarchical PPO object concept
• XML schema for AEC alternatives
hierarchically represent,
centrally integrate, and
automatically propagate
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Planning | Synthesis | Briefing | Analysis | Decision or Re-plan : fragmanted options with intra-disciplinary predictions
Test options with intra-disciplinary applications:
Lock-up a set of options into an alternative:
Cost Resource
Process Product Org.
Brainstorm for PPO options
Test options with intra-disciplinary applications:
Planning
Cost Resource
Baseline Alternative
Lock-up a set of options into an alternative:
Briefing
iRoom highlight
Describe and explain:
explain
Analysis
Functional require.
Evaluate and predict:
What-if?
Process
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Product
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
Org.
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Brainstorm for PPO options
Cost Resource
Planning
Process
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Product
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
Org.
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Brainstorm for PPO options
Planning
Cost Resource
Briefing
iRoom highlight
Describe and explain:
explain
Analysis
Functional require.
Evaluate and predict:
What-if?
PPO Option data,
functional requirements
Macro Production Plan Query
Test new criteria
ResourcesResources
MethodsMethods
Decision Network
Alternatives Courses
• XML data files
• CIFE applications
• iRoom infrastructure
• Hierarchical PPO object concept
• XML schema for AEC alternatives
hierarchically represent,
centrally integrate, and
automatically propagate
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Group Responsible: Intra-disciplinary professionals, knowledgeable about their niche ** steel/concrete sub, scheduler, estimator**
Product Option: Acquiring additional soffit forming material** 3D models in ADT and CPT-4D**
Process Option: Shortening task duration with overtime workin steel erection, concrete reinforcement, etc.** MSP **
Organization Option: Bringing additional teams and supervisors for welding and coordination ** SV **
These intra-disciplinary applications do not incorporate P/P/O options.
The model either represent one option or the other option.
The testing of different combinations of intra-disciplinary options requires the generation of different models, which are discrete and unrelated with one another
Planning | Synthesis | Briefing | Analysis | Decision or Re-plan : Fragmanted options with intra-disciplinary predictions
Planning | Synthesis | Briefing | Analysis | Decision or Re-plan : The coupling stage based on best available decision criteria
Synthesis
Process
Acceleration Alternative
Product Org.
Brainstorm for PPO options
Test options with intra-disciplinary applications:
Lock-up a set of options into an alternative:
Cost Resource
Process Product Org.
Brainstorm for PPO options
Test options with intra-disciplinary applications:
Planning
Cost Resource
Baseline Alternative
Lock-up a set of options into an alternative:
Briefing
iRoom highlight
Describe and explain:
explain
Analysis
Functional require.
Evaluate and predict:
What-if?
Process
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Product
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
Org.
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Brainstorm for PPO options
Cost Resource
Planning
Process
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Product
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
Org.
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Brainstorm for PPO options
Planning
Cost Resource
Briefing
iRoom highlight
Describe and explain:
explain
Analysis
Functional require.
Evaluate and predict:
What-if?
PPO Option data,
functional requirements
Macro Production Plan Query
Test new criteria
ResourcesResources
MethodsMethods
Decision Network
Alternatives Courses
• XML data files
• CIFE applications
• iRoom infrastructure
• Hierarchical PPO object concept
• XML schema for AEC alternatives
hierarchically represent,
centrally integrate, and
automatically propagate
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
OT conc.
OT steel
Finish-Start
Belt
Bridge
Add Soffit
welding sup
3+weld crew
add safety
Group Responsible: Inter-disciplinary professionals ** project executive **
Integration: generate a coherent inter-disciplinary package for the selected combination of options** Excel, 4D, MSP, SV, ADT **
Decision Criteria: ** Aiming for on-time completion **
In preparation for the OAC review meeting, the project executive filtered the many options into an alternative based on the best available decision criteria
“change the dials once at a time” “ paired comparison” “7+/-2” There is a limit of the simultaneous Information-handling capacity of the decision makers
