Taking the Car out of Carbon

8/4/2019 Taking the Car out of Carbon

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Taking the Car out of Carbon

Presentation to the North East Sustainable Energy Association,

September 24, 2011

Projjal K. Dutta, AIA, LEED AP

[email protected] (212) 878 1065

Director, Sustainability Initiatives

www.mta.info/sustainability
mailto:[email protected]://www.mta.info/sustainabilityhttp://www.mta.info/sustainabilitymailto:[email protected]


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Who Framed Roger Rabbit?Judge Doom (JD):Toontown will be erased in a matter of minutes.

Jessica Rabbit (JR):I suppose you think no-one will notice that Toontown has disappeared.

JD: Whos got time to wonder what happened to some ridiculous talking mice when you are driving by at 75 miles an hour.

JR: What are you talking about? There is no road past Toontown.

JD: Not Yet. Several months ago I had the good providence to stumble upon the plan of the City Council - a construction planof epic proportions. They are calling it a Freeway.

Eddie Valiant (EV): Freeway? What the hell is a Freeway?

JD: Eight lanes of shimmering cement running from here to Pasadena. Smooth, safe, fast. Traffic jams will be a thing of thepast.

EV: So thats why you killed Acme Maroon? For this Freeway? I dont get it!

JD: Of course not, you lack vision. I see a place where people get on and off the freeway. On and off, off and on, all day, allnight. (EV and JR look at each other incredulously). Soon, where Toontown once stood, will be a string of gas-stations,inexpensive motels, restaurants that serve rapidly prepared food, tire salons, automobile dealerships and wonderful,

wonderful billboards reaching as far as the eye can see. My god, itll be beautiful!

EV: Cmon. Nobody is gonna drive on this lousy freeway, when they can take the Redcar for a nickel.

JD: Theyll drive, theyll have to. You see, I bought the Redcar, so that I could dismantle it.

From Who Framed Roger Rabbit. Robert Zemeckis, Director, 1988


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Energy Consumption & Sustainability: Macroview


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Energy Consumption by Sector, 2005

Source: World Resources Institute

USAGermanyChinaIndia


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Total Energy Consumption per Capita, 2005

Source: Energy Information Administration

Germany

178 MBTUsChina

31 MBTUsUSA340 MBTUs

India

14 MBTUs


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California

233 MBTUs

New York

209 MBTUs

Texas

496 MBTUs

Total Energy Consumption per Capita 2007

Source: Energy Information Administration

NYC

88.5 MBTUs


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Total Carbon Dioxide Emissions per Capita, 2002


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Vehicle Miles Traveled Trend-lines


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Obesity Trendlines


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Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults BRFSS, 1990

(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs. overweight for 5 4 person)No Data


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No Data


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No Data


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Inverse Correlation


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Global Carbon Dioxide Emissions per Capita,

19902004

Source: US Department of Energy Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC)


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Energy Consumption & Sustainability: Microview


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Energy Use: High-Rise vs. Low-Rise Development

High-Rise Low-Rise

Number of buildings 1 10

Average floor size 30,612 sf 36,000 sf

Area of roof 88,000 sf 375,000 sf

Area of ext wall 343,000 sf 385,000 sf

Area of parking 0 sf 1,837,500 sf

E C ti


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Energy Consumption:

Low-Rise Office Park vs. Tall Urban Building


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BTUs(1,

000,

000)

Commute:41,000 BTU/sqft-yr

Commute:210,000 BTU/sqft-yr

Energy Use: High-Rise vs. Low-Rise Development

Low-rise SuburbanHigh-rise Urban

30 mi. round trip

Diesel Bus, 4 mpg, 20 passengers

300 sq.ft. per person, 252 days per

year

30 mi. round trip

Private Car, 15 mpg, 1 passenger 300 sq.ft. per person, 252 days per

year


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8,637

3,341

Transportation

BuildingOperations

Materials

Low DensityAuto - Oriented

High DensityTransit - Oriented

GHG Per Person: Kg CO2E (Carbon dioxide equivalent) pa.

Source: Journal of Urban Planning and

Development, Norman, March 2006


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The Choice


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Transit GHG Emissions Typology

APTA Climate Change Standards Workin


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Total: 2.4 million metric tons

Revenue Fleet Fuel -Traction

Electricity-Traction

Non-Revenue Fleet -Traction

Heating - Non-traction

Electricity - Non-traction

MTA GHG Emissions, 2008

Transit Effect Multiplier = 8.24

For every unit of GHG that the MTA emits

It helps avoid 8.24 units

In the net it helps avoid about 20million metric tonnes

@ $30 / ton ~ 600 million

Currently un-recognized and un-compensated


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The Choice

Source: Planning Office: City of Muenster,

Germany

S


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Buses25%

PrivateVehicles

75%

Road Space Used

Buses

45% Private

Vehicles

55%

Buses45%

PrivateVehicles

55%

People Traveling

First and Second Avenues: People Traveling vs. Road

Space Used

SBS P j t N d (34th St)


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SBS Project Need (34th St)

Pedestrian58%

Bus32%

Auto/Taxi10%

People Traveling

Pedestrian37%

Bus26%

Auto/Taxi37%

Right-of-Way Used

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M15 SBS Performance


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M15 SBS Performance

40:06:00 35:36:00

18:54

12:04

18:07

17:59

3:37

2:56

0:00:00

12:00:00

24:00:00

36:00:00

48:00:00

60:00:00

72:00:00

84:00:00

96:00:00

M15 LTD M15 SBS

Bus In Motion Stopped at Bus Stops Stopped at Red Lights Other Delays

68:35

30

80:44


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Bicycle Volumes(weekdays)Second AvenueBetween St. Marks Pl and E.9th St.

Cyclist Volumes 12 Hour: 7am-7pm, Weekdays

1,226 1,247

1,067 1,0491,129

1,023

1,903

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

June 2010 November2010

December2010

January2010

February2010

March 2010 April 2010

After

+2%

-13% -14%-8%

-17%

+55%

Before

31

Notes: Data from a single weekday count (06/24/10; 11/03/10; 12/09/10, 01/06/11, 02/15/10, 03/08/11, 04/21/11)

Traffic Data


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Traffic DataSecond Avenue Taxi Speeds

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

MP

H

November 2009 November 2010

32

M15 SBS Features


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M15 SBS Features

33


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Energy/Carbon

FacilitiesSmart

Growth/TODMaterials Flow

ClimateAdaptation

WaterManagement

Greening the MTA


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Build all new projects and majorrenovations to LEED Silver standard

Recommission existing buildings tomeet LEED Silver standard

Create LEED-based MTA Green

Guidelines for other building types

Facilities

Energy Saving through Alignment Design:


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Humped Tracks

Track Alignment


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Vegetated, green roofs (MNR Harmond Yard , MTA Bus Far Rockaway Depot, B&T Queens

Midtown Tunnel) and white roofs (LIRR Hillside)

Green Roofs and Walls


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Adopt Life Cycle Accounting

Quantify and track materials flow

Green the procurement and budgetprocess

Flex market power in purchasing

Materials Flow

Energy Savings through Material Innovations: Al


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Third Rail

Traction power Third Rail


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Is Transit for Everywhere? Cincinnatis Close Brush


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Is Transit for Everywhere? Cincinnati s Close Brush



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Is Transit for Everywhere? Cincinnati s Close Brush



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s a s t o e y e e C c at s C ose us

Is Transit for Everywhere? What happened in NYC


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y pp

Is Transit for Everywhere? What happened in NYC


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y pp

Is Transit for Everywhere? Can LA become a Transit City?


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y y

Is Transit for Everywhere? Can LA become a Transit City?


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y y


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Conclusions


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As societiesdevelop/industrialize, their

energy needs rise.

Transportation emerges asa major consumer of

energy.

Automobile-based paradigmwith corollary suburbansprawl is wasteful and

unsustainable

It negates the good effectsof green building methods

and technologies

Sustainable urban growthhas to embrace mass-transit

and support density

Designing the right carbon-constrained system can

make this happen


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DebanjanR

oy,

IndiaShining1,courtesyAiconGallery,

www.a

icongallery.c

om

The answer is not entirely technicalor entirely human, but a

mix of both, of old and new.

Taking the Car out of Carbon


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Presentation to the North East Sustainable Energy Association,

September 24, 2011

Projjal K. Dutta, AIA, LEED AP

[email protected] (212) 878 1065

Director, Sustainability Initiatives

mailto:[email protected]://www.mta.info/sustainabilityhttp://www.mta.info/sustainabilitymailto:[email protected]

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Taking the Car out of Carbon

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