Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Update on issues related to the IPCC 2006 Guidelines

Simon EgglestonIPCC Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Introduction

• Guidelines have evolved from 1996 to 2006• Major step was the Good Practice Guidance

(GPG) – Complete, consistent, comparable, transparent, and

accurate inventories taking account of available resources

– Major change was from 1996 LUCF to GPG LULUCF• 2006 Guidelines [2.5 years work, 250 authors]

– 4 categories (Energy, IPPU, AFOLU & Waste)– Require similar resources to implement as the 1996

Guidelines plus the two volumes of GPG– Does not pre-empt accounting choices – methods

generate all information needed– The best globally applicable methods

2

2006 Guidelines

3

• Update and expand earlier guidelines– While remaining consistentancy with earlier guidelines

• Have a general introduction to inventory compilation• Include a new chapter on data collection• Include updated default values and methods• Restructure main categories and sub-sectors to

clarify and simplify inventories and to reduce chance of double-counting

• Include methods for sectors previously included in other sectors or under “other”

• Include additional direct greenhouse gases for which estimation methods are provided

Tiers and Key Categories

Start

Is Category key?

Key category:The largest

categories that cumulatively add up to 95% of the

total

Use higher Tier:

TIER 2 using National parameters

OR

TIER 3 a more detailed nationally specific

modeling approach

YES

Want more detail? Abatement?

Use default Tier 1(a few exceptions see

guidelines)

NO

NO

YES

Tier 1:The simplest method with

default parameters in the guidelines 4

Many defaults updated in 2006

Guidelines

“New” gases in 2006 Guidelines (IPPU)– Methodologies in 2006 Guidelines

5

Electro

nics In

du

stries

Mag

nesiu

m p

rod

uctio

n

Halo

gen

ated C

om

po

un

ds

Pro

du

ction

GW

P in

TA

R

GW

P in

AR

4

nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

trifluoromethyl sulphur pentafluoride (SF5CF3) ✔ ✔ ✔

halogenated ethers (e.g. C4F9OC2H5,

CHF2OCF2OC2F4OCHF2, CHF2OCF2OCHF2)✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

CF3I, CH2Br2, CHCl3 ✔ ✔

C7F16 , CH2Cl2, CH3Cl ✔ ✔ ✔

C3F7C(O)C2F5 ✔ ✔

C4F6, C5F8, c-C4F8O ✔ ✔

By-product & fugitive emissions

Only Gases with methods available included in 2006 Guidelines

Direct CO2 & Indirect N2O

6

2006 Guidelines “CO2 Emissions”

2006 Guidelines “CO2 Emissions”

do not include this

2006 Guidelines includes ALL NH3 & NOx Emissions

2006 Guidelines give methods to

calculate this

Estimation of Actual Annual Emissions (Fluorinated compounds, Landfills)

• For a few sources in the 1996 Guidelines & GPG, the simplest methodology estimates a “potential emission” (current and future emissions) rather than the actual annual emission.

• In the 2006 Guidelines, simple default methods estimate actual annual emissions in the year they occur, thus removing the need for potential emissions.

• This allows:– the emission reductions of abatement techniques to be

estimated

– ensures that the methods are compatible with higher tier methods.

7

Additional Guidance in 2006 Guidelines

CO2 -Transport and Storage Electrical Equipment

Urea-based Catalysts (Road Transport) Military Applications

Accelerators

Abandoned Underground Mines Medical Applications

Propellant for Pressure and Aerosol Products

Glass Production

Ceramics

Non Metallurgical Magnesia Production Complete, consistent treatment of fires

N2O from land management and changeCaprolactam, Glyoxal & Glyoxylic Acid Settlements remaining Settlements

Titanium Dioxide Production Some wetlands categories

Petrochemical and Carbon Black Production Urea Application

Indirect N2O Emissions from Manure Lead Production Harvested Wood Products

Zinc Production

Open Burning of Waste

Integrated Circuit or Semiconductor Biological Treatment of Solid Waste

TFT Flat Panel Display

Photovoltaics

Heat Transfer Fluid

Fuel Combustion Other Product Manufacture and Use

Fugitive Emissions from Fuels

Mineral Industry

Substitutes for Ozone Depleting Substances

Land Use

Chemical Industry

Metal Industry 

Waste

Electronics Industries 

 Other

Indirect N2O Emissions from the Atmospheric

Deposition of N (excluding agriculture)8

Structure of the AFOLU Sector AFOLU

9

AFOLU

Improvements in AFOLU Guidance

• Wetlands– 2006 GL has complete coverage of peat lands– 2006 GL improved coverage of flooded lands but some

guidance is incomplete and awaits further scientific investigation

• Fires– Guidelines have increased consistency and coverage of fires– All emissions from fires reported in a separate category for

increased transparency• Managed land is used in these guidelines as a proxy

for identifying anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks. – use of managed land as a proxy for anthropogenic effects

was introduced in the GPG-LULUCF and is consistent with the Revised 1996 Guidelines.

– Managed land is land where human interventions and practices have been applied to perform production, ecological or social functions

10

Subsequent IPCC Work

• Helsinki 2008. (LULUCF/AFOLU Guidance)

– Concluded that additional assistance on activity data would assist LULUCF/AFOLU compilers rather than methodological work

– Also needed: Consideration of Uncertainties and Tier 3 models, and improvement of EFDB

• Brazil 2009 (Managed Land)

– No current alternative to the use of “managed land” as a proxy for identifying anthropogenic emissions was identified

– Possible alternatives need further scientific development and subsequent assessment

11

Summary

2006 Guidelines Maintain the same basic methodological approaches from

1996 Guidelines, GPG 2000 & GPG LULUCF Improved and updated default values Only actual emissions – potential estimates not needed Methods give direct CO2 emissions

More default methods and direct Greenhouse Gases Categories simplified and clarified with IPPU and AFOLU Do not pre-empt accounting choices as all information is

retained Can map back to 1996 GL plus GPG

12

Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Thank you

More details in side event – 1pm Thursday 4 June Room “TRAM”

Guidelines in all UN languages can be downloaded from: http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp