Titel presentatie[Naam, organisatienaam]

Working Day - Track: Food clustersApplying the circular economy

Peter J.A.M. Smeets

Metropolitan Food Clusters and Agroparks

Metropolitan Food Clusters and Agroparks

Nov. 8 2016, Peter J.A.M. Smeets

Klik op het pictogram als u een afbeelding wilt toevoegen

NORTH AMERICA

S/D 5.3

SOUTH&MIDDLE AMERICA

S/D 8.4

EX-USSR

S/D 3.0

EAST ASIA S/D 0.6

SOUTH ASIA S/D 0.4

WEST ASIA S/D 0.5

REST OF EUROPE S/D 1.0

SOUTH EUROPE S/D 0.7

NORTH AFRICA S/D 0.9

SOUTHEAST ASIA S/D 0.8REST OF AFRICA

S/D 3.3

OCEANIA S/D 28.0

Ratio of potential supply and demand (S/D)in 2040 with expected 9.5 bln inhabitants on current European diet

Image elaborated by ir. Steef Buijs,Based on WRR report ‘Duurzame risico’s, een Blijvend gegeven’ (1994)

Global food system: Enough to eat

OXFAM: Netherlands has world’s best food

The Northwest European Delta Metropolis, with 35 mln people, is the basis for its strong position in

agri&food:

LONDON

PARIS

LILLE

BRUSSELLSRUHRAREA

AMSTERDAM

spatial pressure

open economywater

infrastructure

non protected agriculture

In recent decades most innovative agri-food has followed the industrial development of clustering:

A Metropolitan Food Cluster (MFC) is an innovative network of agrifood producers,

processors and service providers which is focused on the urban areas.

It aims to optimize resource use efficiency, market connectivity and embeddedness in the

wider social, spatial and institutional frameworks.

The MFC spatial scheme is inspired on the Eindhoven region that is the Netherlands nr 1 agri-food region:• 90.000 agri food related

jobs• 17.000 enterprises• Nr. 1 in livestock, 2 in

horticulture

AP

AP

AP

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Metropolitan Core

CC

CC

CC

ec

A metropolitan food cluster typically rises around a metropolitan core

Consolidation Centre: Fresh Park Venlo Storage, distribution,

processing, trade and services,

Main clients: 7 mln consumers in German Ruhr Area

In a consumer responsive way throughout the whole year

Seasonal products not available from local producers are being supplied from storage or by world wide trade

Freshpark Venlo: Auction, processing and trade

Barge terminal Vegetable auction

Redistribution, big to small flows Distribution area for flower auction

Wijnen bv, Capsicum grower in 50 ha hightech greenhouse in Agropark California near Venlo

Recycling of harvested rainwater Storage of heat

Capsicum plants

Semi-mechanized sorting, packing and quality control

Export to Japan

Rural processing Centre: Vreba Melkvee

1500 dairy cowsProducing 16.5 mln kg milk/yr

1400 ha land

40% of fodder imported

5 key innovation principles of Metropolitan Food Clusters

1. Integrated design of hardware, orgware and software

2. Resource use efficiency3. Agrologistics4. Vertical integration5. Horizontal integration

Key innovation 5: Parallel development of hardware, orgware and software

Key innovation 4: Intelligent agrologistics

Agrologistics, from the farm gate until the supermarket, is key in delivering a high quality product

Agrologistics is the key to economic performance in the agrosector

The logistic network may also be used as a source of market information regarding demanded products in the encounter of buyers and producers

An MFC is a system innovation

Law of the minimum factor:

The overall result is as good as the weakest link

Law of integrated system development

Improvements have a better end result if other factors are also improved

Resource use efficiency: land- and water use in closed-system greenhouse production

Key innovation 2: Vertical integration

Integration reduces transport and veterinary risks

Better meat quality because of stress reduction

Reduction of contamination and prevention of loss of taste

Added value stays within primary production

Large scale and industrial mode of production enables radical environmental technology:

● Smell reduction● Ammonia emission reduction● Fine dust reduction

Mother animals

Genetics

Egg production

Breeding

Broilers

Slaughtering

Processing

Short

chain

broiler

production

manure

CO2

Energy

Retail

Feed

New Mixed farm: Closed Broiler farm and Bio Energy Cluster

Porch stable with parent

animals

Patio stables with broilers

Slaughterhouse

Bio Energy Cluster

Key innovation 3: Horizontal integration

Integration of animal and vegetable production and processinghains enables industrial ecology through the exchange of rest- and by products

●Decrease of waste & omissions●Additional profit from rest- and by-products

Commercially viable exchange requires physical proximity: agroparks arrange such space

Innovations are expensive require large scale for profitable implementation

Technologies secure sustainable large-scale production of the future: water efficiency, climate mitigation & adaptation

Industrial ecology in agroclusters:Basic structure of an ecosystem

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Plant production

(autotrophs)

Animal production

(heterotrophs)

Decomposers(sapotrophs)

Energy Feed

WasteRawMaterials

Laarakker: Thermophyllic co-digestation Pre treatment of waste Premixing Thermophyllic co-

digestation Aerobic cleaning of waste

water Anaerobic cleaning of

wastewater Biogas storage Storage of digestate Processed water storage Power generator

Co-digestation at 55°C, very efficient Processing 120.000 ton organic waste/yr,

producing 4.5 MW power Co-digester is core of industrial ecology in

agropark

Micro algae raffinage

Water treatment

Production of raw materials

– Proteins for food/feed– Oils for biodiesel– Omega 3 fatty acids

Chew’s egg farm as incubator for Metropolitan Food Cluster development in Singapore

Singapore government wants to reduce it’s dependency on imported food, at current more than 95% of all consumed food.

First phase focus is on vegetables, fish and eggs Wageningen is proposing high-tech impulse in existing

aqua, egg and greenhouse production, as well as spatial integration in agroparks.

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Example: Integrated poultry chain with insects

Genetics

Breeding

Hatchery

BroilersFeed

Insects

Processing

Insects

Waste

Meat products

Manure

Feedcomponents

Human food chainrest- and by products

Preliminary design for new farm

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The principle, extracting high-value from low-value

TRANSFORM SEPARATE EXTRACT

FLY EGGS

Feedstock

Proteins

Lipids

Fertilizers

Larvae

<2,5% larvae for new flies

Industrial ecology in Chew’s new farm

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Industrial example: Nijssen Granico produces high quality pig food from rest and by products of human food chain

29

Agropark Suikerunie: advanced integration

3 May 2023

30

Greenhouses

Digester

Sugar Factory

Water Sanitation

Land dependent agriculture

Co-digester

Melasse storage

30 ha eggplant greenhouse

Merging between agro-industry and greenhouses:Foodcluster Biopark Terneuzen

Agropark in sea harbour Primary agricultural production through industrial

ecology connected to agro-industry Focus on sustainable development of bio-energy

production In operation http://www.bioparkterneuzen.com/cms/publish/content/downloaddocument.asp?document_id=420

Yara fertiliser

production

200 ha

Greenhouses

Nedalcobio-

ethanol

Heroswastewater

cleaning

BiomassaUnie

co-digester

Roosendaal Energy

Biodiesel

Proces & w

astewater

Proces & wastewater

heat

heat

Proce

s & w

astew

ater

CO2 CO2

Biomas

s was

te

Biomass waste

Bio

mas

s w

aste

Sub

stra

te

Pow

er

Heat

3232

Emerging from Greenhouse Cluster: Foodcluster Agriport A7

• http://www.agriporta7.nl/ • Centre for growing vegetables,

agribusiness industry and logistics, 30 minutes from Amsterdam

• Primary production: – Large scale glasshouses : 300 ha

growing to 1.000 ha– Field crops : 40.000 ha

• Vegetables industry, logistics and services– Business park: 70 ha

• To be added– closed fish production and processing– ICT-server centre

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Area Agriport A7 august 2008

Warehouses and logistics

Greenhouses and power generation

Agriport A7: residual heat of datacenter for greenhouses

Microsoft Data Center

Thank You

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Dr P.J.A.M.  SmeetsAgroparks and Metropolitan FoodclustersEmail: peter.smeets@wur.nlMob.:  +31651206758Tel: +31 317 481675www.wageningenur.nlwww.metropolitanfoodclusters.wur.nl