Technical Manual...Paint with Pride Technical Manual 2015 Teknos (UK) Limited Unit E1, Heath Farm...

Paint with Pride

Technical Manual

2015

Teknos (UK) LimitedUnit E1, Heath Farm

Banbury Road Swerford

Oxfordshire OX7 4BN

Tel. +44 (0) 1608 683494Fax: +44 (0) 1608 683487

Email: [email protected]

Teknos Ireland LimitedUnit 1

Fortwilliam Industrial EstateDargan Crescent

Belfast BT3 9JP

Tel. +44 (0) 2890 960670Fax: +44 (0) 2890 960674


Teknos Scotland LimitedNettlehill Road

Houstoun Industrial EstateLivingston EH54 5DL

Tel. +44 (0) 1506 436222Fax: +44 (0) 1506 448826


Teknos GBI

Teknos is one of Europe’s leading suppliers of industrial wood coatings. We provide technical support and delivery services throughout the UK and Ireland from 3 service centres, located at Swerford, near Banbury, Livingston and Belfast.For further information, please contact your local service centre.

www.teknos.co.uk

Index

Technical Manual Paint with Pride



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Good joinery practice

Application guidelines

Maintenance guidelines

Service life guides

Product selector

Good joinery practiceIndex


1. Common timber types

2. Surface preparation

3. Ancillary products

4. Treatment of knots and end grain

5. Site care and storage



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Paint with Pride

V J15

This is a brief overview of the timber species commonly used in the UK, Scottish and Irish joinery industries. Further information is available from the Teknos website (www.teknos.com) and from Trada (www.trada.org.uk)

Softwoods

European Redwood

The most common timber used in window and door production, but due to its durability class, it must be preservative treated to hazard class 3, BS EN 335-1.

Preservative treatment can be by double vacuum impregnation, using solvent or water borne preservatives, or topical treatment. With vacuum impregnation care must be taken to ensure all residual solvent has evaporated before coating since the preservative treatment can destabilise resinous areas within the timber such as knots. The use of surface applied preservative systems such as Teknol Aqua 1410 or Aqua Primer 2907 combi primer, in conjunction with factory applied coatings, reduces these problems and is becoming increasingly common.

European Redwood is suitable for both translucent and opaque coating systems, although with opaque finishes knotting solution should be used over knots and other resinous areas. Teknos’ preferred method involves filling and sealing the knots with Teknofill 5001 fine surface filler, treating the knot area with Teknos knotting solution and over-coating with a specially formulated isolating primer, Anti Stain Aqua 2901.

Many manufacturers use engineered or laminated timber sections to minimise defects within the substrate. Finger jointed timber is common and clear face laminates are also available. Low moisture content can be a problem with engineered timber and must be taken into consideration during manufacture and when joinery is installed in areas of high moisture. Low moisture content in the factory can lead to excessive grain raising and to snagging problems on site when the timber expands as it recovers to its natural moisture level.

Western Red Cedar

Durable softwood from North America with excellent natural weathering properties. Left untreated the surface will go to a silvery grey colour.

Although suitable for finishing with a wide range of translucent finishes, an isolating primer must be used for opaque finishes, as natural water soluble tannins within the substrate will stain through the topcoat.

The natural extractives in Western Red Cedar can reduce adhesion, so it must be degreased prior to coating with a sharp solvent such as Teknosolv 7012. Any cloths used to apply Teknosolv 7012 must be changed regularly to ensure all extractives are removed rather than dispersed across the surface.

Accoya

Chemically modified softwood with excellent stability in damp climates, Accoya is one of a number of chemically and heat modified timbers now being offered in the market. The treatment can affect the timbers resistance to surface mould growth and application of a surface applied preservative is often recommended. Readily accepts both translucent and opaque coating systems where its inherent stability can extend coating life, though exposed end grain should be sealed with two coats of Teknoseal 4000 to minimise moisture ingress.

Common timber typesExterior joinery

Technical Manual

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Paint with PrideHardwoods

Iroko

A durable African Hardwood with excellent weathering properties. Untreated, the surface turns silvery grey colour. Due to its durability, Iroko is often used for cill components in door and window frames.

Iroko contains extractives, which can prevent good adhesion of surface coatings, and surfaces should be degreased with a sharp solvent such as Teknosolv 7012 prior to coating. Cloths used to apply solvent should be replaced regularly to avoid spreading resin across the surface.

Idigbo

A moderately durable, high strength, African Hardwood used in the manufacture of windows, doors and conservatories.

Although relatively easy to coat, two coats of Anti Stain primer must be used to help prevent stain migration through an opaque topcoat.

When applying basecoats or primers in dip tanks, the acidity of the timber extractives will drop the pH of the product in the tank, so the Ph level must be monitored regularly and adjusted as required.

Sapele and Utile

The most common hardwoods used in external joinery. Good strength characteristics and moderately durable, these species are used for doors, windows and conservatories. Sapele has a tendency to “reverse” grain which can cause problems with warping when used in door manufacture.

Both Sapele and Utile can be coated with a translucent finish without problem although a base coat stain such as Aqua Primer 2900 must be used to protect against surface discoloration due to UV exposure.

Tannin staining has become increasingly common on these species and Teknos recommend 2 coats of Anti Stain inhibiting primer should be used to help prevent tannin staining through an opaque topcoat.

Oak

A durable Northern Hemisphere timber widely used for Timber Frames, Garden Furniture and, less commonly, Windows, Doors, and Conservatories. The species typically used are European Oak and American White Oak.

Oak contains extractives, which inhibit coating adhesion, and should be degreased with a sharp solvent such as Teknosolv 7012 prior to coating.

Although naturally durable, oak is sensitive to moisture and UV discolouration and the surface tends to split on exterior exposure. Uncoated it will blacken and eventually turn to a dark grey colour. Teknos do not recommend colourless systems on exterior oak joinery and all translucent shades generally require more frequent maintenance to maintain their decorative appearance. For further information on coating Oak please consult Teknos.

Iroko

Idig

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Oak

Paint with Pride

Surface preparationFactory finished joinery

Technical Manual

A good machined finish is usually the best surface preparation for joinery coatings applied on softwoods. Sharp cutters shear the timber fibres cleanly, leaving a uniform absorbent surface which provides a good key for priming or a base stain. A blunt cutter will compress and polish surface fibres, producing an inconsistent surface which may appear patchy when stained.Conventional sanding can tear and shred surface fibres, increasing grain raising, particularly with water based coatings, while high speed sanders, with fine grade of abrasive paper, tend to polish the surface, giving a result similar to a blunt cutter.These comments about sanding may seem counter intuitive, but the following simple test will illustrate the effect:Take a section of machined softwood and cut into two pieces. Using an orbital or belt sander with a coarse grade of abrasive paper, sand one face of the first section; on the second piece of timber draw a sharp cabinet scraper, plane blade, or chisel across one face of the section. Dip both pieces into a basecoat stain or dipping primer (waterborne products will exaggerate the result). The sheared surface produces a far superior result to the sanded surface.Some hardwoods are fibrous by nature, and grain raising will occur, regardless of how these timbers are machined and sanded. These timbers should be coated before attempting to achieve a good surface. With translucent finishes, the penetrating stain coat does not close the surface and so the first build coat must be applied before the surface finish can be significantly improved. Having closed the surface it can be de-nibbed to remove any raised fibres, before final topcoat application.

Sanding

Sanding is commonly used for small scale, purpose-made, joinery and finishing results can be greatly improved by limiting sanding and denibbing processes and selecting the appropriate grade of abrasive paper.

This is very important where automatic drum sanders are used. The grit of the belt on the first drum should be as fine as pos-sible to prevent the substrate being ripped open, ideally 120, with subsequent belt grades coordinated to close the surface and the finishing belt 220 or 240 grit.

There are three belt machines available that include one belt rotating at 90 degrees to the other two. Tests show an improved surface and closing of the substrate is achieved with this system especially when the reduction of raised grain profile is a priority.

Brush type denibbing machines also provide a good level of surface when used correctly within the finishing process.

Wire Wool

Wire wool has traditionally been used for finishing in the Cabi-net Making and French Polishing trades, but should not be used for external work, since small particles of wire become trapped in the surface and rust when exposed to weather, degrading the finish.

Finishing Pads

Nylon and foam filled denibbing pads are very useful for denib-bing, particularly on mouldings, and profiled sections. The fine grit efficiently removes protruding fibres while discouraging over sanding and the removal of coating from sharp edges.



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Paint with Pride

V J15

Choosing a good paint system will extend the decorative appearance and maintenance cycles on exterior joinery, but to maximise service life particular attention has to be paid to protecting the areas vulnerable to moisture ingress.

Teknos’ ancillary products, incorporated into the factory coating process and subsequent maintenance, can greatly extend service life by sealing end grain, construction and break joints preventing moisture penetration and decay.

Teknoseal 4000: end grain sealing

The rate of water absorbtion in exterior joinery is several orders of magnitude greater through the end grain than through the face of a component. Unprotected end grain acts like blotting paper, drawing in moisture and creating ideal conditions for coating delamination, timber discolouration and ultimately rot.

Painting and preservative treatment have little impact on end grain absorption and the only effective protection is to seal any exposed end grain .

The graph above shows the results of water uptake tests conducted for Teknos by the Building Research Establishment.

Teknoseal 4000, a water based end grain sealer, dramatically reduces the vulnerability of end grain to moisture ingress extending both maintenance intervals and ultimate service life.

Teknoseal 4000 is typically applied by brush, ideally in two coats, and dries to a clear finish in about 30 minutes. It can be applied to bare or primed timber, though on translucent systems it must be applied after base stain to ensure colour continuity.

A sprayable version, Teknoseal 4002, is available for large areas such as MDF and fibre board sheeting.

Ancillary productsUses and applications

Technical Manual

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Untreated softwood Painted softwood Paint + TS 4000

The untreated end grain on the component at the right acts like a blotting paper, sucking in moisture

After 24 months exposure, moisture ingress on the untreated end grain on the right hand component has caused splitting, discoloura-tion and adhesion failure at the cut edge

Teknoseal 4000 applied by brush to exposed end grain prior to factory finishing



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Teknos GBITeknos is one of Europe’s leading suppliers of industrial wood coatings. We provide technical support and delivery services throughout Western Europe from 3 service centres, located at Swerford, near Banbury, Livingston and Belfast.For further information, please contact your local service centre.

www.teknos.co.uk

Paint with Pride

Teknos construction joint protection

Rounded construction and break joints are an attractive and effective feature of modern joinery design, but can expose end grain on the machined rounded or scribed edges and create water traps on horizontal joints.

Teknos v joint sealer, applied by mastic gun, is a water based flexible sealant which dries to a clear finish and provides a smooth surface for subsequent painting. It is suitable for opaque finishes and for translucent systems when applied after the base stain has dried.

Teknos v joint sealer is not intended as a filler, it has no structural strength and should not be used to bridge gaps.

To seal construction joints, apply a thin bead of Teknos sealer to the joint area, wipe off any excess and smooth into the joint using a moist, but not wet, sponge. Teknos v joint sealer changes colour from white to clear as it dries and can be over coated when completely colourless.

Teknos fine surface filler

Surface defects, checks and cracks around knots can be visually unattractive and disrupt subsequently applied coating systems, leading to localised breakdown.

Teknos fine surface filler is a single component, water based, white acrylic filler which, applied by palette knife, fills and levels surface defects. It has excellent sanding properties and dries in around 3 hours to a smooth fine surface ready for opaque topcoat application.

Teknos fine surface filler is particularly recommended for use around knots, where it enhances resistance to tannin migration. Anything in excess of 1mm deep should be filled with a two pack wood filler.

Teknos knotting: stain blocking solution

Knots in softwood are an attractive feature when the joinery is finished with a translucent coating system, but may cause staining problems if the joinery is coated with an opaque and particularly white finish. There is no completely effective solution to resinous knot bleeding, but treatment with Teknos knotting solution and over coating with Anti Stain Aqua primer before topcoating will effectively minimise staining in most circumstances.

Teknos knotting is applied by brush over the whole area of the knot with an overlap onto the adjoining sound timber and can be primed within 1 hour of treatment.



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Treatment of knots and end grainFactory finished joinery


KnotsVacuum preservative treatment is widely used in the manufacture of external softwood joinery products. Due to natural variation in the density and structure of timber, the absorption of preservative also varies and the drying time of the treated timber must be sufficiently long to ensure solvent has fully evaporated.The area in and around knots needs particular attention, due to the high density of the knots and levels of resin they contain. Preservative treatment partially dissolves and mobilises resins which are drawn out towards the timber surface as the solvent evaporates. In most cases this occurs before the joinery is factory coated. However, around resinous knots/timber, if insufficient drying time is allowed, resin migration will continue after the joinery has been factory finished and cause staining of opaque finishes.Ideally, preservative drying times should be extended when resinous and knotty timber is treated, but often this is impractical particularly when production schedules are tight or drying conditions less than ideal. Switching to water based preservatives, either vacuum or surface applied, will reduce the problem, though not eliminate it completely.Application of a proprietary knotting product (e.g. Teknos Knotting) in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations helps to reduce staining caused by resin in knots. Application should encompass the whole of the knot and any adjacent resinous area and should be applied to a smooth level finish.Movement within knots which has resulted in cracks must be treated by filling the cracks, prior to the application of the knotting, with a fine surface filler such as Teknos fine surface filler. This provides an additional barrier and a continuous surface for the knotting to seal.Finally, a Teknos knot inhibiting primer should be applied prior to any opaque topcoats. The above guidelines will significantly reduce, though not completely prevent, knot staining and minimise site remedial work: though the only way to completely eliminate knot staining is to switch to knot free or laminated timber.

End GrainThe most vulnerable part of exterior joinery is the end grain, which readily absorbs moisture, discolouring the timber and reducing the adhesion of the coating system. A full glue joint is essential to protect end grain within a joint, and Teknos strongly recommend all exposed end grain is treated with Teknoseal 4000 and all construction joints are filled with Teknos v joint sealer. These sealers will substantially reduce the uptake of moisture through end grain, especially important when coating mitre joints, and significantly extend the life of the coating system.

Opaque Systems: Brush apply two full coats of Teknoseal 4000 end grain sealer and allow to dry fully prior to spraying the paint system. .Translucent Systems: After basestain application, brush apply two full coat of Teknoseal 4000 end grain sealer and allow to dry fully prior to top coat spraying. Prior to final top coat application, apply a thin bead of Teknos sealer to all construction joints and treat end grain on the tops and bottoms of doors, frames and projecting cills.

Site care and storageFactory finished joinery


• Remove any airtight packaging, prior to storage, to allow free ventilation of the joinery.

• Store joinery off the ground on suitable bearers.

• Cover to avoid dust and other contaminants. Non-permeable sheeting, such as polythene, should be avoided, unless left sufficiently free to allow good ventilation.

• Storage areas should be well ventilated and not subject to extremes of temperature.

• Avoid unsuitable storage such as metal box containers and areas open to the elements. These may be subject to condensation and very high temperatures in direct sunlight. Water can also collect in protective wrapping leading to saturation of some components.

• Adhesive tapes are sometimes used to protect edges and vulnerable areas during transport and fitting. Not all tapes are suitable and some adhesives will mark the paint surface or even cause detachment when removed. The performance of the tape should be checked before extensive use, the manufacturer’s recommendations followed, and generally

the tape should be removed within 14 days of application.

• A building, which has been renovated using processes such as concreting, plastering, rendering, etc., will have a very high humidity level until dried and ventilated. If joinery is installed prior to completion of wet processes, the high residual humidity will force moisture to penetrate the joinery from the inner face, increasing the moisture content of the timber. Gentle internal heating and good ventilation of the building will greatly reduce the problem.

• Plaster and other building materials can also cause contact damage to protective coatings. If contamination occurs then remove as soon as possible with a solution of detergent and rinse with clean water.

• Ensure that any on site assembly or modifications are fully protected. This particularly applies to cill joints, glazing beads and glazing systems. Areas of unprotected end grain exposed by site modifications must be properly sealed and protected by brushing a generous coat of Teknoseal 4000 onto the exposed area.

Joinery protected by Teknos factory finishing systems is water repellent, sufficiently flexible to expand and contract with the natural movement of timber, and micro porous, to allow the natural transfer of moisture vapour between the joinery and atmosphere. In storage, before installation, it is important that the joinery be properly protected from the elements and in particular that it is protected from standing water.Whilst protecting factory finished components from mechanical damage is well recognised, it is also important to ensure that basic precautions are taken to prevent excessive changes in the moisture content of the timber. These can cause swelling or shrinkage of components, and blistering or localised failure of the surface coating.

Recommended Good Practice



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Application guidelinesIndex


1. Dip tanks

2. Adjusting pH in dip and flow coaters

3. Brush application of water based paint

4. Coating wood composites

5. Drying parameters

6. Factory method statements: opaque finishes

7. Factory method statement: translucent finishes

8. Factory method statement: Oak translucent finishes (solvent base stain)

9. Factory method statement: Oak translucent finishes (water based base stain)

10. Applying Aquatop over putty



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Factory finished joineryDip tanks


Design tips

• The tank should be manufactured from corrosion resistant materials for use with waterborne products.

• Ensure the tank is installed clear of the floor and fit a drain valve and to allow the tank to be emptied for cleaning.

• A close fitting lid is essential to minimise contamination and evaporation.

• The tank should be situated in a warm, draught free area, and ideally kept above 10oC, to prevent product performance issues. Under no circumstance should the tank or stored material go below 5oC.

• The size and proportions of the dip tank should be appropriate to the operation. For example, a long, thin design allows larger frames to be dipped in component form. Minimising the surface area and volume of the tank simplifies maintenance, cleaning and ensures the product is regularly refreshed.

• “Run Off” / Drip areas should be designed to allow recirculation of the excess material to reduce wastage. A heavy duty polythene cover on adjacent floors will facilitate regular cleaning of the area.

• Circulation pumps with in line filters can be used for larger tanks to keep the material fresh and clean. For smaller tanks, regular filtering and refilling may be more appropriate.

• Ensure the tank is covered when not in use, and stir the product at least twice a day, and always before use, with a clean stirring stick.

• Check the viscosity of Opaque primers using a Din Cup 4 prior to use. The target viscosity for opaque primers is 12.5 to 13 seconds Din 4, but some products do vary so please contact Teknos (UK) Ltd for further information.

• Base coat stains do not need viscosity adjustment. If there are signs of poor “Run Off”, this could be due to either dust contamination in the tank or low Ph of the product, in either case, please contact Teknos for further advice.

• Preservatives, such as Teknol Aqua 1410, should be tested every few months to ensure the solid content remains at

the require level. Teknos can arrange for these tests to be carried out and advise you of any required adjustments.

• Any adjustments made to the material must be carried out using clean water to prevent bacterial contamination and in accordance to product information supplied by Teknos.

• Do not keep stirring sticks in a bucket of water as bacterial contamination can occur.

• All material must be filtered regularly to prevent contamination of the tank and the product. Teknos can supply a 125µm micron filter bag (Part Number 1542981) and give further advice on good working practice.

Dip Tank Maintenance

For low volume manufacturers, dip tanks offer a cost effective method of applying base stain and preservatives



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Factory finished joineryAdjusting pH in dip and flow coaters


The importance of pH

pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a liquid; the lower the number, the more acidic the solution. It is measured on a scale of 1 -14 with 7, being a neutral solution.

Most water based paints are slightly alkaline (pH>7) and it is important they remain so to maintain product performance. A drop in the pH level of the product will result in poor run off properties, and may change colour and viscosity. In extreme cases the product solids can separate and drop out of solution.

The pH can drop because of evaporation and contamination, but the main problem in the wood finishing industry is prolonged contact with acidic extractives from timbers such as Idigbo.

The issue of changing pH levels generally affects Dip Tanks, Vacuum Coaters and Flow Coat application machines where contact times and evaporation can be high and excess contaminated material is recycled into the tank or sump for re-use.

Measurement and Control

To prevent application problems the following guidance should be followed:

1. The pH of the product should be tested regularly, typically once per week, using a pH meter. The liquid in the sump or tank should be stirred before sampling and the average of three readings taken to establish the pH level

2. The target pH of Teknos Primers is 8.5 – 9.0 and should never go below 7.5

3. The pH level of a product can be increased by incorporating Teknopaint pH Additive

4. An addition of 1.5 ml of Teknopaint pH Additive / litre of product to be adjusted will increase the pH level by 1 point

Adjusting pH

To confirm the volume of product to be adjusted, you need to know the dimensions of the tank and its depth. 1. The product volume in litres is given by: Length x width of tank (cm) x liquid depth (cm) / 1000

2. Subtract the measured pH from 8.5 and multiply the result by 1.5. This gives �, the adjustment factor.

3. Multiply the product volume by �. The result is the volume, in millilitres, of Teknopaint pH Additive required to return the pH to the 8.5 target level.

4. Add 50% of the required Teknopaint pH Additive volume and stir thoroughly into the product.

5. Leave for 10 minutes, stir the product again and re-test the pH level.

6. Recheck the calculation, then stir in the remaining adjustment and re-test the pH to confirm the value is in the correct range.



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Professional Decorators GuideBrush application of water based paints

Paint with Pride

Waterborne and solvent borne materials require different brushing techniques, due to the faster drying and reduced flow of waterborne coatings.

Water based paints advantages; very low solvent levels, rapid drying and good durability, are significant and the application differences, compared to traditional solvent paints, are easily overcome by following some simple guidance.

• The quality of the brush is very important as short haired or worn brushes will leave lines in the dry coating film.

• All surfaces to be coated must be abraded with a fine grade (180 or 220 grit) glass paper or flexible sanding pad, then washed down to ensure they are free from dust and grease.

• Prior to application, thoroughly wet the brush with water, ensuring that the base of the bristles (the heel of the brush) is fully wetted.

• Long haired synthetic brushes give the best application properties and are readily available from most DIY outlets.

• Teknos topcoats can be applied directly from the tin, though additional thinning with between 5 and 10% of water will improve the flow and levelling properties of the product, particularly in warm weather.

• An even coating film is important for durability and also for appearance, particularly in the case of translucent wood stain. With practice, an even coat can be applied quickly, following a three stage application technique:

1. Load the coating generously and disperse quickly over the surface.

2. Even out the coating with light diagonal cross strokes. Do not overbrush; the coating will flow and level naturally.

3. Finish with light brush strokes in the direction of the grain.

• When painting joinery, apply and finish each section systematically. This means painting a window or door one component at a time. E.g. Top Rail followed by a Stile followed by the Bottom Rail etc.

• When applying darker opaque colours over previously applied lighter shades a base coat of the final colour or one coat of asuitable Teknos grey primer will help achieve an even finish colour.

• Do not apply in extremes of temperature. The most suitable temperature range is between 50C and 150C. Humid conditions will prolong the “wet edge” time of the coating while warm windy conditions will reduce it. If possible avoid application in direct sunlight.

• Wash out brush with a mild detergent solution (e.g. washing up liquid) and rinse with clean water.

Factory finished joineryWood composite components

Paint with Pride

Wood composite materials are increasingly replacing the wooden glazing bars, decorative moulds, and cover strips used in timber window and door manufacture. A wide variety of profiles can be produced by extruding a heated mixture of wood fibre and polymer through appropriately shaped dyes. The resulting product is water and rot resistant, with good dimensional stability.

Once coated with an opaque finish, the composite component blends into the wood frame, and its resistance to warping and distortion on exterior exposure minimises the risk of water ingress at traditionally weak points in a timber window construction, extending maintenance cycles and ultimate service life.



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Coating Wood Composite

Wood composite components are coated for decorative reasons, to blend with the surrounding timber, and not generally for protection.

Applying a decorative factory finish is usually straightforward, though because of their resin rich surface, some extra care is necessary to achieve adequate adhesion of the paint film to the composite component.

Adhesion promoting primers give optimum adhesion and can be readily topcoated with Teknos topcoats, though in most cases the normal Teknos system used in the manufacture of the door or window will give a commercially acceptable result provided the following guidelines are followed.

• Lightly abrade the composite with a fine grade sanding pad to dull the surface, taking care not to scratch it, then solvent wipe to remove dust, oil and grease.

• Apply the coating system using the normal process steps.

• Take care not to overapply primers or topcoats. Water based paints take longer to through dry and cure on non absorbant surfaces, so excessive paint thickness will increase the time taken to develop full adhesion and water resistance.

• Try to allow an extra day before external exposure, particularly if the weather is cold or wet.

Paint with Pride

With water-based coatings, drying time is determined by a combination of air temperature, airflow, humidity and air changes. Temperature and air flow over the painted surface are most significant and usually the easiest to control in a typical joinery workshop.

Minimum air temperatures should be above 10ºC throughout the drying and storage period and the design of the drying zone and any tracking, stillages or racking should allow free air circulation around each individual component. It is also important that sufficient air movement is generated: typically overhead fans are an inexpensive and effective way of achieving this.

With good circulation, elevated temperatures will shorten drying times, but it is important to allow a “flash off” period, before the joinery enters the elevated heating zone, to prevent surface skinning of the coating which will inhibit through drying.

Ideally the drying area should be humidity controlled, though within a fairly broad band of 55 –85% relative humidity the coatings will dry satisfactorily. If the relative humidity is above 85% the airflow has less capacity to absorb moisture, and drying will be retarded. Conversely, if the air is too dry the surface can dry too quickly and may skin over, inhibiting through drying.

Finally, as drying proceeds and the circulating air absorbs more moisture, it is important to remove this wetter air and replace it with dryer air from an external source. Around 1–2 air changes per hour are typical; though in higher capacity systems or where

the ambient relative humidity is high, up to 10 air changes per hour can be required.

Typical parameters are shown below:

Air Flow* 1 - 1.5 m3/min

Humidity 60 - 85% Rh

Air temperature 15 - 200C

Air changes 1 - 2 per hour

* air flow across the joinery surface

Please note that the airflow refers to the movement within the drying area and air changes to the flow of air into and out of the drying zone.

Drying parameters Factory finished joinery

Technical Manual

Teknos water based joinery coatings are engineered to provide the fast turn round, over coating and handling times in a modern production environment.

To achieve optimum system performance, it is important that good drying conditions are achieved, particularly in cold and wet winter weather. If a water based coating system is not fully cured before installation, it may exhibit micro blistering in the first few weeks of service. Generally this problem will disappear as the weather improves and the through drying process is completed, and no further action is required, but additional care is required when using stain blocking primers as further tannin leaching can occur before these products are fully cured through.

Paint storage temperature prior to application is also important in achieving adequate curing. Before use, paint should be kept in a warm, dry and draught free area with a minimum ambient temperature of 100 C. Never store paint on a cold factory floor.

This note gives some typical drying guidelines for Teknos primer and topcoats, and some guidance on optimising drying conditions.

Drying area parameters

Practical drying times

The graph below shows how drying times vary with temperature under typical conditions and their sensitivity to higher humidity and lower levels of air flow. The lower line shows the drying curve under “standard” conditions, the upper lines how the drying curve is modified as humidity increases, and as air flow and air changes reduce.

Some important points to note:

1. In winter, lower temperatures, particularly in unheated storage and drying areas, combined with higher humidity will significantly extend through drying times.

2. Ducting filtered, warm, air from the workshop can often help to raise temperatures in drying and storage areas. Workshop air is usually “dry”, and provides an economic, low humidity, drying medium.

3. Ceiling fans, such as those used in domestic conservatories, will improve airflow and speed drying even at low temperatures.

4. The curve is based on application of a high build coating at around 175µ wet film thickness. At higher thicknesses the curves move up (increasing drying time) and conversely at lower thicknesses. Most importantly, the shape of the curves remains the same, regardless of film thickness.

Paint with Pride

Paint with Pride

Teknos Products

The table below gives guideline drying times for three typical water based Teknos product groups.

The drying times quoted assume that the drying zone is set up with the recommended air circulation and extraction, and that the products are applied at the recommended film thickness.

Drying systems and throughput do vary, and Teknos would be happy to provide specific advice on any particular Customer configuration

Typical Drying Times

Wet film thickness Flash off200C

Drying temp0C Drying time Cooling time

200C

Water based primers 150 - 175µ

- 20 3 hours -

15 minutes 40 45 minutes 5 - 10 minutes

15 minutes 60* 30 minutes 10 - 15 minutes

Exterior top coats150 - 175µ

- 20 3 - 4 hours -

15 minutes 40 1 hour 15 - 20 minutes

Interior top coats 100 - 125µ

- 20 60 minutes -

5 minutes 40 20 minutes 5 - 10 minutes

5 minutes 60* 10 minutes 10 - 15 minutes

Notes:

1. Drying at temperatures > 40°C can be used for timber where a water-based preservative is applied by flow coating. It is not recommended on timber that has been double vacuum treated with solvent based preservative, as residual solvent trapped in the timber can cause blistering and de-lamination.

2. Care needs to be taken when drying some timber species at elevated temperatures as this can mobilise resins within the timber.

3. Flash Off zones should have low air movement with Relative Humidity controlled at around 70%. Drying ovens should be zoned to ensure equal drying of the coating system.

4. Before application, ensure the paint is fully stirred and the liquid temperature is above 100C.



Oxfordshire OX7 4BN

Tel. +44 (0) 1608 683494Fax: +44 (0) 1608 683487




Belfast BT3 9JP

Tel. +44 (0) 2890 960670Fax: +44 (0) 2890 960674




Tel. +44 (0) 1506 436222Fax: +44 (0) 1506 448826


Teknos GBI


www.teknos.co.uk

V J15

Factory method statementOpaque finishes

This document provides an overview of the application of factory applied opaque finishes to manufactured joinery items such as windows, doors and conservatories.

It has been designed to help manufacturers adopt good working practices in their manufacturing and coating process, ensuring service life is maximised.

This document must be used in conjunction with the relevant coating specification and product Technical Data Sheets. Additional, more detailed information sheets are also available.

Basic considerations

Design: Cills and non vertical surfaces must give efficient water shedding, with a slope angle of not less than 9°.Surface tension causes wet paint to flow away from sharp edges leaving them relatively unprotected. A minimum radius of not less than 3mm is required to avoid thinning of the coating system in accordance with British Standard 644. Interior edges should be rounded to at least l.5mm radius.The design must preclude obvious water traps. Any gaps or recesses in the joinery should be sufficiently wide to prevent capillary draw of water into holding areas, typically Teknos recommend a 3mm gap.Fixing pins, particularly on horizontal glazing beads, must not allow the ingress of water. If pins are punched below the surface, filling must be carried out to ensure that a water collecting hollow is not produced. Secondary filling may be necessary to account for shrinkage.As a minimum, the construction guidelines set out in BS 644 should be followed at all times.

Timber Quality: Timber grade used In manufacture must be selected to take into account its natural durability and use classification for the proposed exposure conditions. See: BS EN 350; BS EN 335

Preservation Treatment:

Where the natural durability of the timber does not meet the class requirements as determined by BS EN 335-2 it must be treated with a preservative in conformance with BS EN 599-1.If the timber is preservative treated using double vacuum impregnation, particularly with solvent based material, the manufacturer’s recommended drying times must be followed before coating. Typically, under good ventillation conditions, these can vary from 2 to 14 days.When using Teknol Aqua 1410 or Aqua Primer 2907 wood preservative as part of the coating finishing process, joinery must be factory coated to a minimum dry film thickness of 80µ before site exposure in compliance with BS EN 599-1

Moisture Content: Moisture content of the timber at the time of coating should be in the range of 12% and 16%.

Sanding: Sanding is commonly used for small scale, purpose-made, joinery. Finishing results can be greatly improved by minimising sanding and denibbing and selecting the appropriate grade of abrasive paper. This is very important if automatic drum sanders are used. The grit of the belt on the first drum should be as fine as possible to prevent the substrate being ripped open, ideally 120, with subsequent belt grades coordinated to close the surface and the finishing belt 220 or 240 grit.

Fillers: Any significant defect should be filled using a two component filler suitable for use with wooden components prior to the application of the coating system.After priming, small defects and knots can be filled using Teknofill fine surface filler.Some Hard wax fillers are suitable for use with Teknos products although we do not recommend the use of Soft wax fillers on external joinery due to the extremes of temperature that can occur.

Degreasing: All surfaces should be clean, dry, and free of dust, salt, grease, and other contaminants. See ISO 12944, part 4Timbers that contain natural oils and chemicals, such as: Teak, Iroko, Oak and Cedar, should be thoroughly de-greased with Teknosolv immediately prior to coating. Failure to de-grease will impede drying and coating adhesion.

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Environmental and Storage conditions

All coating products must be kept away from frost, cold draughts, and ideally be stored at a constant temperature above 10°C. Containers should never be stored on the workshop floor, which can become very cold in winter, but should be left on

pallets.

Coatings may be applied to surfaces between 5°C and 30°C, and at humidity levels below 80%, but it is desirable to avoid the extremes.

Factory conditions in the spray area should ideally be between 15°C and 25°C with humidity levels between 45 and 70%. Temperatures and humidity levels outside these parameters will impact on the coatings ability to dry and cure and may detract from appearance and long term performance.

Drying areas must be kept dust free, and kept at a steady 15-25oC temperature. Avoid switching off heating overnight, particularly in winter. With water borne coatings drying is greatly improved if a steady air flow (1-1.5m³/min) is maintained over the face of the coated joinery. This can be achieved with overhead “conservatory”fans. It is also important to replace the damp air with fresh dry air; 1-2 air changes per hour are recommended.

When painting, surface temperatures must be at least 3°C above the dew point to prevent moisture condensation during the drying process.

Pre painting treatment

Before applying the primer, any exposed end grain on the bare timber components must be sealed using Teknoseal 4000 and any knots sealed with Teknos Patent Knotting.

Both products are applied ready to use and should not be thinned. Re seal contain-ers after use to prevent evaporation and skinning


Teknos knotting applied by brush

Application For optimum performance, two generous brush coats must be applied to all areas of exposed end grain.Vulnerable areas, such as door stiles, projecting cills and cut glazing beads require special attention.

Drying time @ 230C / 60%Rh

Touch Dry: 30 Minutes. Recoatable after 1 – 2 Hours

Teknoseal 4000

Teknos Knotting

Application Apply by brush, fully covering the knot.Avoid excessive overlap onto the surrounding timber. As a guide an overlap of 3-5mm is sufficient.For optimum protection, apply two treatments leaving a 30 minute interval between applications.

Drying time @ 230C / 60%Rh

Touch Dry: 30 Minutes. Recoatable after 30-60 minutes

V J15

Paint products

This section gives a general description of a typical Teknos opaque coating system. It should be read together with the detailed specification and technical data sheets for your particular application.

The products included are:

Preservatives

Teknol Aqua 1410 Preservative for dip and flow coat application

Aqua Primer 2907 Combined primer / preservative for dip and flow coat application

Primers

Aqua Primer dip primer General purpose spray, dip and flow coat primers for a variety of substratesAqua Primer spray primer

Anti stain aqua primer Tannin inhibiting primer/mid coat for hardwoods. Spray, flow or dip application

Anti stain aqua knot primer Resin inhibiting spray primer/midcoat for softwoods (not Western Red Cedar)

Topcoats Aquatop top coat Microporous topcoat

Ancillary productsTeknos V Joint Sealer V joint sealer

adhesive / sealant

Teknofill Fine surface filler

Teknofill 5001 fine surface filler applied by spatula to fill surface checks and defects

Teknos V Joint Sealer applied by mastic gun to exposed construction joint end grain

Application set up

In the UK, the paint system is most commonly applied by air assisted airless spray, though primer variants are also available for dip and flow coat application. Typical set up parameters are shown below.

Air assisted airless spray

Tip size 11 or 13 thou

Spray fan angle 20o or 40o dependant on item coated

Application pressure 1500 psi

Control air pressure 25 - 30 psi

Typical wet film thickness 150 - 175µ

Dip or Flow coat

Application by flow coat will result in a lower applied dry film thickness and this has to be compensated for in the mid and top coats

Viscosity should be adjusted and maintained between 12½ and 14 seconds DIN 4

The hanging angle should be > 20o to ensure clean run off of the product. Monitor the run off to ensure any product traps are removed.

Keep the product away from direct air movement for 15 minutes to allow for flow out and an even film build to be achieved.

Equipment cleaning

Application equipment can normally be cleaned using cold water. Under certain circumstances it may be advantageous to use warm soapy water. Please refer to Teknos’ Cleaning Procedure Data sheet.



Oxfordshire OX7 4BN

Tel. +44 (0) 1608 683494Fax: +44 (0) 1608 683487




Belfast BT3 9JP

Tel. +44 (0) 2890 960670Fax: +44 (0) 2890 960674




Tel. +44 (0) 1506 436222Fax: +44 (0) 1506 448826


Teknos GBI


www.teknos.co.uk

Paint with PridePaint application

This section describes a typical coating sequence and should be read in conjunction with your specification which is tailored to your own application conditions. Additional informations sheets are available, covering issues such as: Drying Paramerters; Treatment of knots and end grain; Moisture Content and Machining Tolerances; Winter Painting; Site Care and Storage; Dip and Flow Coat management; Surface preparation; and Joinery design and installation. Your local service engineer will be happy to provide copies.

Coat 1: Priming and preservation

Products Teknol Aqua 1410; Aqua Primer 2907; Aqua Primer dip or spray primer; Anti stain aqua primer

Product preparationAll spray products are supplied ready for use; stir thoroughly before application.For Flow Coater and Dip application, the viscosity of the product should be adjusted and maintained in line with individual product Technical Data Sheets.

Application Using Air Assisted Airless spray equipment apply an even coat of primer in the correct colour shade to all surfaces, or dip/flow coat in line with Teknos data sheet guidelines.

Drying time (@ 230C/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 30 Minutes. Recoatable after 3 – 4 Hours

Coat 2: Mid coat

Products Anti stain aqua primer; Aquatop top coat

Product preparation All spray products are supplied ready for use; stir thoroughly before application.

ApplicationUsing Air Assisted Airless spray equipment apply an even coat of mid coat or top coat in the correct colour shade to all surfaces. The wet film thickness should be between 150 and 175µm with no over coating on corners or joints with adjacent components.

Drying time (@ 230C/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 1 – 2 Hours. Recoatable after 2 – 4 Hours

Denibbing

Denib all surfaces to remove any raised fibres using a fine grade abrasive between 180 and 220 grit. Nylon and foam filled denibbing pads are very useful for denibbing, particularly on mouldings, and profiled sections. The fine grit efficiently removes protruding fibres while discouraging over sanding and the removal of coating from edges.

Surface check Check all surfaces for any defects and fill with Teknofill 5001 as required. Ensure all residual dust is removed from the surface of the joinery items.

Seal construction joints

Apply a continuous bead of Teknos v joint sealer to the width of the joint and smooth with a damp sponge, cloth or squeegee, to ensure good penetration and levelling in the joint.Alternatively, apply Teknos adhesive sealant generously to all surfaces to be bonded, using light pressure to form the joints and excess adhesive to seal any exposed end grain and construction joint. This can also be used to cap all lower internal joints in mid and bottom rail rebates.Both products can be top coated after 1-2 hours with an Aquatop finish

Coat 3: Top coat

Products Aquatop top coat

Product preparation Product supplied ready for use; stir thoroughly before application.

ApplicationUsing Air Assisted Airless spray equipment to apply an even coat of top coat in the correct colour shade to all surfaces. The wet film thickness should be between 150 and 175µm with no over coating on corners or joints with adjacent components.

Drying time (@ 230C/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 1 – 2 Hours. Dry after 2 – 4 Hours

V J15

Factory method statementTranslucent finishes

This document provides an overview of the application of factory applied translucent finishes to manufactured joinery items such as windows, doors and conservatories.





Timber Quality: Timber grade used In manufacture must be selected to take into account its natural durability and use classification for the proposed exposure conditions. See: BS EN 350; BS EN 335

Preservation Treatment:

Where the natural durability of the timber does not meet the class requirements as determined by BS EN 335-2 it must be treated with a preservative in conformance with BS EN 599-1.If the timber is preservative treated using double vacuum impregnation, particularly with solvent based material, the manufacturer’s recommended drying times must be followed before coating. Typically, under good ventillation conditions, these can vary from 2 to 14 days.When using Teknol Aqua 1410 or Aqua Primer 2907 wood preservative as part of the coating finishing process, joinery must be factory coated to a minimum dry film thickness of 80µ before site exposure in compliance with BS EN 599-1



Fillers: The filling of defects can be difficult when using Translucent finishes. It is important to ensure that the colour of any filler used should be as close as possible to the colour of the base coated timber and not the original timber colour. Some Hard wax fillers are suitable for use with Teknos products although we do not recommend the use of Soft wax fillers on external joinery due to the extremes of temperature that can occur.

Degreasing: All surfaces should be clean, dry, and free of dust, salt, grease, and other contaminants. See ISO 12944, part 4Timbers that contain natural oils and chemicals, such as: Teak, Iroko, Oak and Cedar, should be thoroughly de-greased with Teknosolv immediately prior to coating. Failure to de-grease will impede drying and coating adhesion.

V J15



pallets.

Coatings may be applied to surfaces between 5°C and 30°C and at humidity levels below 80%, but it is desirable to avoid the extremes.





After applying the base stain, any exposed end grain on the timber components must be sealed using 2 brush coats of Teknoseal 4000.

The product is supplied ready to use and should not be thinned. Re seal containers after use to prevent evaporation and skinning


Application For optimum performance two generous brush coats must be applied to all areas of exposed end grain.Vulnerable areas, such as door stiles, projecting cills and cut glazing beads require special attention.For areas of severe exposure (e.g.coastal locations) application of an additional coat is recommended.

Drying time @ 23oC / 60% RH


Teknoseal 4000

V J15

Paint products

This section gives a general description of a typical Teknos translucent coating system. It should be read together with the detailed specification and technical data sheets for your particular application.


Preservatives



Base stain Aqua Primer base stain General purpose spray, dip and flow coat base stains for a variety of substrates

Topcoats Aquatop top coat Microporous topcoat

Ancillary products Teknos V Joint sealer V joint sealerAdhesive / sealant

Teknos V Joint Sealer applied by mastic gun to exposed construction joint end grain

Application set up

In the UK, top coat is most commonly applied by air assisted airless spray, preservatives and base stains by dip or flow coater. Typical set up parameters are shown below.







Dip or Flow coat

Base stains are supplied ready for use.

After dipping or flow coating, the hanging angle should be > 20o to ensure clean run off of the product. Monitor the run off to ensure any product traps are removed.


Applying Aqua Primer base stain by spray

If the base stain is spray applied, it is important to thoroughly stir the product, apply an even thin coat, then wipe the joinery down to remove any excess material to prevent build up and runs which will leave dark lines on the joinery item.

Using a 9 or 11 thou tip, dropping the application pressure to 1000 psi, and increasing the control air pressure to 35-40 psi will help to “soften” the spray fan and improve finish uniformity.

Equipment cleaning

Application equipment can normally be cleaned using cold water. Under certain circumstances it may be advantageous to use warm soapy water. Please refer to Teknos’ Cleaning Procedure Data sheet.



Oxfordshire OX7 4BN

Tel. +44 (0) 1608 683494Fax: +44 (0) 1608 683487




Belfast BT3 9JP

Tel. +44 (0) 2890 960670Fax: +44 (0) 2890 960674




Tel. +44 (0) 1506 436222Fax: +44 (0) 1506 448826


Teknos GBI


www.teknos.co.uk


This section describes a typical coating sequence and should be read in conjunction with your specification which is tailored to your own application conditions. Additional informations sheets are available overing issues such as: Drying Paramerters; Treatment of knots and end grain; Moisture Content and Machining Tolerances; Winter Painting; Site Care and Storage; Dip and Flow Coat management; Surface preparation; and Joinery design and installation. Your local service engineer will be happy to provide copies.

Coat 1: Base stain and preservation

Products Teknol Aqua 1410; Aqua Primer 2907; Aqua Primer base stain

Product preparationAll spray products are supplied ready for use; stir thoroughly before application.For Flow Coat and Dip application, the viscosity of the product may be adjusted and maintained in line with individual product Technical Data Sheets.

Application Using Air Assisted Airless spray equipment apply an even coat of base stain in the correct shade to all surfaces, or dip/flow coat in line with Teknos data sheet guidelines.

Drying time (@ 230C/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 30 Minutes. Recoatable after 2 – 3 Hours

Coat 2: Mid coat



ApplicationUsing Air Assisted Airless spray equipment apply an even coat of mid coat or top coat in the correct colour shade to all surfaces. The wet film thickness should be between 150 and 175µm with no over coating on corners or joints with adjacent components.

Drying time (@ 230C/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 1 – 2 Hours. Recoatable after 2 – 4 Hours

Denibbing

Denib all surfaces to remove any raised fibres using a fine grade abrasive between 180 and 220 grit. Nylon and foam filled denibbing pads are very useful for denibbing, particularly on mouldings, and profiled sections. The fine grit efficiently removes protruding fibres while discouraging over sanding and the removal of coating from edges.

Surface check Check all surfaces for any defects and action as required. Ensure all residual dust is removed from the surface of the joinery items.


Apply a continuous bead of Teknos sealer at the width of the joint and smooth with a damp sponge, cloth or squeegee, to ensure good penetration and levelling in the joint.Alternatively, apply Teknos adhesive sealant generously to all surfaces to be bonded, using light pressure to form the joints and excess adhesive to seal any exposed end grain and construction joint. This can also be used to cap all lower internal joints in mid and bottom rail rebates.Both products can be top coated after 1-2 hours with an Aquatop finish

Coat 3: Top coat




Drying time (@ 230C/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 1 – 2 Hours. Dry after 2 – 4 Hours

V J15

Factory method statementOak translucent system: solvent base stain

This document provides an overview of the application of factory applied translucent finishes to oak joinery items such as windows, doors and conservatories.







Fillers: The filling of defects can be difficult when using Translucent finishes. It is important to ensure that the colour of any filler used should be as close as possible to the colour of the base coated timber and not the original timber colour. Some hard wax fillers are suitable for use with Teknos products. We do not recommend the use of soft wax fillers on external joinery due to the extremes of temperature that can occur.

Degreasing: All surfaces should be clean, dry, and free of dust, grease, and other contaminants. See ISO 12944, part 4Oak contains natural oils and waxes and must be thoroughly de-greased with Teknosolv 7012 to remove all surface contamination immediately prior to coating. Failure to de-grease will impede drying and reduce coating adhesion. Always use the correct solvent to degrease; never use a white spirit mix.Degreasing guidelines are shown below:• Fill 2 litres of fresh solvent into a clean metal container. 2 litres of fresh solvent will normally be

sufficient to degrease timber equivalent to 10 windows or 5 doors.• Soak a clean cotton wipe in the solvent and wring out. Always use lint free cotton wipes (available

from most hardware outlets); synthetic wipes will not absorb the oils and will tend to spread contaminants across the surface.

• Thoroughly wipe each surface to be degreased, rinsing and wringing out the cloth regularly in solvent and frequently turning it over and refolding it to present a clean surface. Use a clean wipe when required.

• After degreasing, allow 30 minutes for the residual solvent to flash off before applying the base stain. Always apply base stain within 4 hours of degreasing the joinery item.

V J15



pallets.









Application For optimum performance two generous brush coats must be applied to all areas of exposed end grain.Vulnerable areas, such as door stiles, projecting cills and cut glazing beads require special attention.

Drying time @ 23oC / 60%Rh


Teknoseal 4000

Safety

Never use solvent in an enclosed space. Degreasing should always be carried out in a well-ventilated area.

When working with solvents use barrier creams or gloves to avoid skin contact and after use follow the manufacturer’s recommended hygiene good practice detailed in the product MSDS.

Ensure all waste materials are disposed of correctly. Solvent rags must be separated from other waste and stored in a closed metal. Waste solvent should be stored in a suitable sealed metal container prior to appropriate disposal.

V J15

Paint products

This section gives a general description of a typical Teknos translucent coating system. It should be read together with the detailed specification and technical data sheets for your particular application.


Base stain Teknol wicker base stain Translucent solvent base stain

Topcoats Aquatop topcoat cypruss semi matt Microporous translucent topcoat


Teknos v joint sealer applied by mastic gun to exposed construction joint end grain

Application set up








Dip or Flow coat




Applying Teknol base stain by spray


• Hang the item to be coated at an angle to assist run off

• Saturate spray the joinery to ensure the surface is fully wetted, especially open grained areas.

• After 5 minutes remove any runs and excess material on edges with a brush.

• Allow to dry for a minimum of 4 hours and ensure all surfaces are fully dry before further coating application.

Using a 9 or 11 thou tip, dropping the application pressure to 1000 psi, and increasing the control air pressure to 35-40 psi will help to “soften” the spray fan and improve finish uniformity.

Equipment cleaning

Application equipment should be cleaned with Teknosolv. Please refer to Teknos’ Cleaning Procedure Data sheet.


This section describes a typical coating sequence and should be read in conjunction with your specification which is tailored to your own application conditions. Additional, informations sheets are available from Teknos, explaining: Drying Paramerters; Treatment of knots and end grain; Moisture Content and Machining Tolerances; Winter Painting; Site Care and Storage; Dip and Flow Coat management; Surface preparation; and Joinery design and installation. Your local service engineer will be happy to provide copies.


Products Teknol wicker base stain

Product preparationProducts are supplied ready for use; stir thoroughly before application.For Flow Coat and Dip application, the viscosity of the product may be adjusted and maintained in line with individual product Technical Data Sheets.

Application Using Air Assisted Airless spray equipment apply an even, full, coat of base stain in the correct shade to all surfaces, or dip/flow coat in line with Teknos data sheet guidelines.

Drying time (@ 23oC/60%Rh) Dry for a minimum of 4 hours; all surfaces must be fully dry before applying further coatings.

Coat 2: Mid coat

Products Aquatop topcoat Cypruss semi matt


ApplicationUsing Air Assisted Airless spray equipment, apply an even coat in the correct colour shade to all surfaces. Wet film thickness should be between 150 and 175µm with no over coating on corners or joints with adjacent components.

Drying time (@ 23oC/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 1 – 2 Hours. Recoatable after 2 – 4 Hours

Denibbing

Denib all surfaces to remove any raised fibres using a fine grade abrasive between 180 and 220 grit. Nylon and foam filled denibbing pads are very useful for denibbing, particularly on mouldings, and profiled sections. The fine grit efficiently removes protruding fibres while discouraging over sanding and removal of coating from edges.



Apply a continuous bead of Teknos sealer at the width of the joint and smooth with a damp sponge, cloth or squeegee, to ensure good penetration and levelling in the joint.Alternatively, apply Teknos adhesive sealant generously to all surfaces to be bonded, using light pressure to form the joints and excess adhesive to seal any exposed end grain and construction joint. It can also be used to cap all lower internal joints in mid and bottom rail rebates.Both products can be top coated after 1-2 hours with an Aquatop finish

Coat 3: Top coat

Products Aquatop topcoat Cypruss semi matt



Drying time (@ 23oC/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 1 – 2 Hours. Dry after 2 – 4 Hours



Oxfordshire OX7 4BN

Tel. +44 (0) 1608 683494Fax: +44 (0) 1608 683487




Belfast BT3 9JP

Tel. +44 (0) 2890 960670Fax: +44 (0) 2890 960674




Tel. +44 (0) 1506 436222Fax: +44 (0) 1506 448826


Teknos GBI


www.teknos.co.uk

V J15

Factory method statementOak translucent system: water based

This document provides an overview of the application of factory applied translucent finishes to oak joinery items such as windows, doors and conservatories.







Fillers: The filling of defects can be difficult when using Translucent finishes. It is important to ensure that the colour of any filler used should be as close as possible to the colour of the base coated timber and not the original timber colour. Some hard wax fillers are suitable for use with Teknos products. We do not recommend the use of soft wax fillers on external joinery due to the extremes of temperature that can occur.

Degreasing: All surfaces should be clean, dry, and free of dust, grease, and other contaminants. See ISO 12944, part 4Oak contains natural oils and waxes and must be thoroughly de-greased with Teknosolv 7012 to remove all surface contamination immediately prior to coating. Failure to de-grease will impede drying and reduce coating adhesion. Always use the correct solvent to degrease; never use a white spirit mix.Degreasing guidelines are shown below:• Fill 2 litres of fresh solvent (Teknosolv 7012) into a clean metal container. 2 litres of fresh solvent will

normally be sufficient to degrease timber equivalent to 10 windows or 5 doors.• Soak a clean cotton wipe in the solvent and wring out. Always use lint free cotton wipes (available

from most hardware outlets); synthetic wipes will not absorb the oils and will tend to spread contaminants across the surface.

• Thoroughly wipe each surface to be degreased, rinsing and wringing out the cloth regularly in solvent and frequently turning it over and refolding it to present a clean surface. Use a clean wipe when required.

• After degreasing, allow 30 minutes for the residual solvent to flash off before applying the base stain. Always apply base stain within 4 hours of degreasing the joinery item.

V J15



pallets.









Application For optimum performance two generous brush coats must be applied to all areas of exposed end grain.Vulnerable areas, such as door stiles, projecting cills and cut glazing beads require special attention.

Drying time @ 23oC / 60%Rh


Teknoseal 4000

Safety

Never use solvent in an enclosed space. Degreasing should always be carried out in a well-ventilated area.

When working with solvents use barrier creams or gloves to avoid skin contact and after use follow the manufacturer’s recommended hygiene good practice detailed in the product MSDS.

Ensure all waste materials are disposed of correctly. Do not leave solvent-contaminated rags lying around. Dispose of them in closed containers. Waste solvent should be stored in a suitable sealed metal container prior to appropriate disposal.

V J15

Paint products

This section gives a general description of a typical Teknos translucent coating system. It should be read together with the detailed specification and technical data sheets for your particular application. The products included are:

Preservatives



Base stain Aqua Primer 2900 Wicker General purpose spray, dip and flow coat base stains for a variety of substrates

Topcoats Aquatop 2600 Cypruss semi matt Microporous translucent topcoat


Gori 691 applied by mastic gun to exposed construction joint end grain

Application set up








Dip or Flow coat




Applying Aqua Primer 2900 base stain by spray


• Hang the item to be coated at an angle to assist run off• Saturate spray the joinery to ensure the surface is fully wetted, especially open

grained areas.• After 5 minutes remove any runs and excess material on edges with a brush.• Allow to dry for a minimum of 2-3 hours and ensure all surfaces are fully dry

before further coating application.Using a 9 or 11 thou tip, dropping the application pressure to 1000 psi, and increasing the control air pressure to 35-40 psi will help to “soften” the spray fan and improve finish uniformity.

Equipment cleaning

Application equipment should be cleaned with fresh water. Please refer to Teknos’ Cleaning Procedure Data sheet.


This section describes a typical coating sequence and should be read in conjunction with your specification which is tailored to your own application conditions. Additional, informations sheets are available from Teknos, explaining: Drying Paramerters; Treatment of knots and end grain; Moisture Content and Machining Tolerances; Winter Painting; Site Care and Storage; Dip and Flow Coat management; Surface preparation; and Joinery design and installation. Your local service engineer will be happy to provide copies.


Products Aqua Primer 2900 Wicker

Product preparationProducts are supplied ready for use; stir thoroughly before application.For Flow Coat and Dip application, the viscosity of the product may be adjusted and maintained in line with individual product Technical Data Sheets.

Application Using Air Assisted Airless spray equipment apply an even, full, coat of base stain in the correct shade to all surfaces, or dip/flow coat in line with Teknos data sheet guidelines.

Drying time (@ 23oC/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 30 Minutes. Recoatable after 2 – 3 Hours

Coat 2: Mid coat

Products Aquatop 2600 Cypruss semi matt


ApplicationUsing Air Assisted Airless spray equipment, apply an even coat in the correct colour shade to all surfaces. Wet film thickness should be between 150 and 175µm with no over coating on corners or joints with adjacent components.

Drying time (@ 23oC/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 1 – 2 Hours. Recoatable after 2 – 4 Hours

Denibbing

Denib all surfaces to remove any raised fibres using a fine grade abrasive between 180 and 220 grit. Nylon and foam filled denibbing pads are very useful for denibbing, particularly on mouldings, and profiled sections. The fine grit efficiently removes protruding fibres while discouraging over sanding and removal of coating from edges.



Apply a continuous bead of Teknos sealer to the width of the joint and smooth with a damp sponge, cloth or squeegee, to ensure good penetration and levelling in the joint.Alternatively, apply Teknos adhesive sealant generously to all surfaces to be bonded, using light pressure to form the joints and excess adhesive to seal any exposed end grain and construction joint. The sealer can also be used to cap all lower internal joints in mid and bottom rail rebates.Both products can be top coated after 1-2 hours with an Aquatop finish

Coat 3: Top coat

Products Aquatop 2600 Cypruss semi matt



Drying time (@ 23oC/60%Rh) Touch Dry: 1 – 2 Hours. Dry after 2 – 4 Hours



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The oils in traditional glazing putty are slow drying and rapid overcoating can disrupt the paint film causing premature adhesion failure. It is important to follow these guidelines when brush coating traditionally glazed windows.

1. Glaze the window or doors with putty following the manufacturer’s instructions

2. Allow the surface of the putty to dry in accordance with the manufacturers instructions for paint application. This is usually between three and seven days

3. Prime all exposed surfaces of the putty with a solvent borne primer such as Teknal 2500. Allow to thoroughly dry, ideally for a minimum of 16 hours

4. Using a good quality, long haired, synthetic brush, designed for use with acrylic paints apply two coats of Aquatop 2600 in the appropriate shade/colour to the primed putty surface

5. Allow to thoroughly dry

When carrying out any coating work, do not attempt to paint when the temperature is below 5 degrees Celsius, or if the relative humidity exceeds 80% as the curing and performance of the coating may be impaired.

If there is any doubt about the substrate or underlying paint film, apply the appropriate Teknos products to a small, inconspicuous area, allow to dry for 24 hours, and inspect the appearance and adhesion to substrate.

Repair products can be obtained from any of the Teknos Service Centres listed below, and can be stored in frost free conditions for up to six months in sealed packaging.

Linseed oil puttyPainting guidelines

Technical ManualPaint with Pride



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Maintenance guidelinesIndex


1. Maintaining exterior joinery

2. Maintaining oak joinery

3. Grain definition

4. Resin and knot stain rectification

5. Render stain rectification

6. Leisure buildings



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V J15

This note gives some basic guidelines on maintaining and redecorating factory finished windows, doors and exterior joinery.

The information relates to water based paints, which dry quickly and with little smell. Applying them requires a different brushing technique (described overleaf) from traditional oil paint.

General Care

Teknos factory applied coatings systems will give many years of life between re painting cycles, and simple steps such as wiping down the joinery finish to remove dirt and insects will help extend the life of the decorative finish. This can be done at the same time as cleaning the glass.

Good household maintenance also helps to extend repainting intervals. At least once a year:

• Check hinges and handles and treat with a light oil• Remove dust or grime from weather seals and ventilators• In autumn, clear guttering and down pipes, and repair any

leaks• Each spring, inspect the joinery and spot repair any minor

areas of coating damage, shakes or open joints.

Repair products

The list below shows the typical maintenance products used to maintain factory finished joinery.

These can be purchased direct from our service centres in Banbury, Livingston and Belfast. Payment is accepted by credit or debit card and orders placed before noon will normally be despatched the same day and delivered by courier within three working days.

Typically 1 litre of primer will cover a surface area of 6-8 sqm and topcoat 3-6 sqm

Primers and Base Stains Aqua Primer base stain

Anti Stain Aqua opaque primer

Top Coats Aquatop translucent or opaque finish

Ancillaries Teknoseal 4000 end grain sealer

Teknos v joint sealer

Teknos fine surface filler

All the recommended Teknos products are water based, with VOC levels significantly below current and proposed legislative levels. Teknos does not use heavy metal additives in any of its products.

First and subsequent redecoration

All areas to be re coated should be lightly abraded with a fine grade abrasive paper, washed down with a mild detergent solution and rinsed with clean water to remove dust, insects and other contaminants, which can form a base for algae and fungi growth.

Using a good quality, long haired, synthetic brush, designed for use with acrylic paints, apply one or two coats of Teknos’ opaque or translucent topcoat in the appropriate shade, colour and gloss level. Allow to dry for four hours between coats.

Problem Areas

If regular maintenance is delayed or some other damage has occurred, additional steps may be necessary to reinstate the finish to its initial condition. The notes below cover the most common problems, and further help is available from our Customer Service teams.

Where minor flaking affects small areas of the topcoat surface but the timber substrate is not exposed:

Abrade the damaged area with a fine grade abrasive paper to remove all unsound coating and feather out to leave a smooth surface.

Clean down and wash the abraded area to remove dust, and allow to thoroughly dry.

Apply a coat of Teknos’ opaque or translucent topcoat in the appropriate shade, colour and gloss level to the damaged area. Allow to dry for four hours and then apply a second coat.

If the damaged area is widespread, lightly abrade the complete frame; repair the damaged area as described above; apply the second coat to the complete frame.

Where moisture has penetrated joints, end grain, mitres or natural movement of the timber has opened shakes, treat as follows:

Abrade the damaged area with a fine grade abrasive paper to remove all unsound coating and feather out to leave a smooth surface.

Clean down and wipe the abraded area with a damp microfibre cloth to remove dust, and allow to thoroughly dry.

Exterior joineryMaintenance guidelines

Prime with Aqua Primer base stain in the original colour for translucent systems or Anti Stain Aqua primer for opaque systems.

Seal any open joints with Teknos joint sealer applied by mastic gun. Wipe with a damp cloth or spatula to give a smooth joint and allow to dry to a clear finish.

Seal any exposed end grain with Teknoseal 4000 end grain sealer and allow to thoroughly dry.

Apply a coat of Teknos opaque or translucent topcoat in the appropriate shade, colour and gloss level. Allow to dry for four hours and then apply a second coat.

Resin Exudation

Resin occurs naturally in timber, in pockets within the wood or associated with knots. Some timber species are naturally more resinous than others , but the presence of resin is normally not detectable when joinery is manufactured.

Resin exudation often occurs on southern elevations and on darker coloured joinery where the sun’s heat liquifies and mobilises the resin drawing it to the surface.

Where resin has exuded through the coating:

Although it may be unsightly, it is better not to remove fresh sticky resin. In practice, this can be very difficult, and its presence indicates that the exudation is still continuing. Remedial work is often best left until the first maintenance period, by which time the resin has normally fully crystallised.

The best remedial treatment is to allow it to weather until it dries and oxidises, forming a white crystalline powder. The dried resin can then be removed with a stiff nylon or natural bristle brush, and any remaining residues washed off with a cloth.

Water based coatings often allow the passage of resin to the surface without damaging the coating. If the finish is not damaged, by over-vigorous scrubbing during crystal removal, re-coating is often unnecessary, but otherwise an overall application of a finish coat restores the general appearance of the timber and maintains its protection.

Applying water based paints

The short drying time and reduced flow of water based paints requires a different technique to achieve a good finish. Following a few simple hints will produce excellent results.

The quality of the brush is very important. A long haired synthetic brush will give the best results; short haired or worn brushes may leave lines in the dry film. Thoroughly wet the brush with water before starting, ensuring the base of the bristles (the heel of the brush) is fully wetted.

Paint viscosity affects the ease of application. Generally the product can be applied directly from the tin, butl thinning with between 5 and 10% of water will improve the product’s flow and levelling properties, particularly in warmer weather.

For best results follow three simple steps:

• Load the coating generously onto the surface and disperse the paint briskly

• Even out the coating with light diagonal cross strokes, do not overbrush, the coating will flow and level naturally

• Finish the application with light brush strokes in the direction of the grain

With practice an even coat can be applied quickly. An even coating film is important for durability, but also for appearance, particularly in the case of translucent wood stain.

Apply and finish each section systematically. So on a door or window paint one component at a time e.g. top rail followed by the style and then the bottom rail.

When applying darker opaque colours over previously applied lighter shades use a base coat of the final colour or one coat of a Teknos grey primer to aid opacity.

Do not attempt to paint when the temperature is below 5 degrees Celsius, or if the relative humidity exceeds 80%: the curing and performance of the coating may be impaired.

Wher the previous substrate is unknown, apply the appropriate Teknos products to a small, inconspicuous area, allow to dry for 24 hours and then inspect for appearance and adhesion.

Wash out brushes with a mild detergent solution, such as washing up liquid, then rinse with clean water.

Paint with Pride



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Oak is a popular and durable timber for exterior joinery applications but it

• flexes and moves with changes in ambient humidity, putting stress on the structure and causing joints to open

• has a tendency to surface check (split) when externally exposed

• discolours in sunlight, typically to a dull greyish colour

Oak also has a high natural tannic acid content which causes the timber to turn black when exposed to moisture containing trace amounts of iron.

As a result external oak joinery needs more frequent care and maintenance than most other species, particularly early in its service life, to maintain its decorative appearance.

Teknos never recommend using clear finishes on external oak joinery but are frequently asked for remedial advice on installations which have been coated with clear finishes or inappropriate coating systems.

These guidance notes are intended to guide remedial work on oak joinery and further advice is given in the Teknos Maintenance Guidelines.

Oak exterior joineryRemedial maintenance


Localised staining can be sanded out using a detail sander and the coating system reinstated

Gaps and exposed end grain should be sealed with Teknoseal products before the coating is reapplied

Maintaining Oak

Oak naturally greys and discolours in sunlight regardless of the coating system applied or how much ‘UV protection’ the coating claims to offer. A light tint in the coating helps to disguise this “greying” and mask the patchy appearance which can be evident in the early stages as the sunlight bleaches the timber surface.

Regular washing down with a mild detergent solution, when the windows and doors are cleaned, will help to remove surface contaminants. At the same time we recommend all external joints, gaps and end grain are inspected and any defects repaired.

If joints have opened, reseal them using Teknos’ break joint and end grain sealers and if surface splits have opened patch repair the protective coating with the appropriate topcoat. After treatment apply a full coat of Teknos top coat in the original translucent shade.

Following this regular maintenance regime, particularly early in the service life of the joinery, will help maintain Oak’s decorative appearance and reduce the need for more time consuming maintenance at a later stage.

Discolouration usually results from moisture ingress either through open joints and gaps or where the timber surface has split, disrupting the protective coating. When this occurs the surface of the underlying timber will turn black as the moisture reacts with the Oak’s naturally occuring tannic acid.

The blackening is not rot, and does not affect the structural integrity of the timber, but it can be visually unappealing.

Where only localised ‘blackening’ has occurred, a detailed sander, is often the quickest way to remove the affected layer. Feather back into the surrounding unaffected area then reinstate the coating system in line with Teknos’ “Maintenance Guidelines”.

For more extensive blackening, chemical treatment will be necessary.

Chemical Removal of discolouration

The discolouration shown in the illustrations is caused by moisture reacting with the natural acidic tannins in the oak surface and occurs where the protective coating is mechanically disrupted either by joints opening, the surface splitting, or warping or twisting of the wood section.

If staining is extensive, the black colour can be removed using a solution of Oxalic acid. This treatment will return the Oak surface to an even tone similar to its original colour and the protective finish can then be reapplied once any remedial work on joints etc has been completed.

Before treatment, remove the protective coating from the affected timber. This is best done with a detail sander using a coarse, then fine, grit pad.

Oxalic acid (a natural extract of Rhubarb leaves) is supplied as dry crystals and is available from most hardware stores or on the internet.

To treat discoloured Oak, make up a saturated solution of the crystals in a plastic bucket using 4 tablespoons of Oxalic acid crystals to 1 pint of hot water. Some undissolved crystals in the bottom of the container after mixing show the solution is saturated. Allow the solution to cool to room temperature.

Apply the Oxalic Acid solution evenly over the entire surface with a sponge or brush. Avoid spot treating which can cause an uneven patchy appearance.

Leave the solution on the surface for 10 -20 minutes then wash off with clean water. If staining still remains, apply more solution and repeat until the desired even colour is obtained.

To stop further bleaching action, rinse the surface with clean water and wipe down with dry cloths. Several water rinses and wipe downs will remove most of the Oxalic acid. Finally, to fully neutralise, rinse with an alkaline solution (a heaped tablespoon of baking soda in 2 pints of water will do the job), leave for 5 minutes then rinse off the baking soda solution with fresh water and dry.

These treatments will raise the grain of the wood, which must be allowed to dry thoroughly (at least overnight) before sanding down with a fine grade sanding pad.

Finally, repair any defects in the joinery, and reinstate the protective coating system, remembering to reseal all joints and end grain as detailed in Teknos’ Maintenance Gudelines.

Health and Safety: Oxalic acid is corrosive. Read carefully and follow the manufacturer/supplier’s detailed guidance at all times and always wear suitable gloves, mask and eye protection when handling this product.

The natural movement of Oak can cause joints to open allowing water to enter, react with tannic acid in the timber causing characteristic staining

The surface of Oak joinery tends to split in service, disrupting the protective coating, allowing water to enter and react with tannic acid

Note: Remedial work should not be undertaken until the joinery has been allowed to dry out (with moisture content below 16%) and climatic conditions are suitable for redecoration.



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Grain definition in timber arises from the boundaries between summer and winter growth; the rings visible in the cross section of a felled tree trunk.

The grain pattern seen in joinery components varies, dependant on timber species, the region in which it grew, and the angle at which the board was cut from the original tree.

Grain profiling, the height variations sometimes seen across the timber surface, is caused by differential swelling of the summer and winter growth regions. The faster summer growth areas are less dense, more absorbant, and swell at a faster rate as the seasonal moisture content of the of the joinery varies.

Generally, grain definition and profiling are seen as appealing and natural features of a joinery product, though occasionally concerns arise where adjacent components have markedly different grain configurations or on laminated sections when dissimilar grain patterns are apparent on either side of a finger joint.

Effect on performance

Grain profiling has no impact on the performance or expected service life of exterior joinery and modern water based coating systems are designed to cope with the natural flexing and movement of timber as its moisture content varies.

With a natural product like timber it is almost impossible to exactly match the grain configuration of individual components, though steps can be taken to minimise the visual variations which occur.

• Sharp cutters and routers will give a smooth profile after machining. Blunt cutters tear rather than shear the timber, exaggerating the swelling differences beween winter and summer growth regions.

• The moisture content of the timber prior to machining should be in the range 12-19% (BS EN 942). Typically in the UK, the average moisture content of exterior joinery will vary between 12 and 18% over the year, so if machining is carried out on timber at close to the mid point of the recommended range swelling between grain boundaries will be reduced.

• Avoid excessive sanding. Sanding may appear to reduce profiling in the workshop, but it will tear the surface, increase surface porosity, and increase profiling when the joinery is subsequently exposed to moisture.

Grain definitionCauses and treatment




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Resin Exudation

Resin bleeding is a natural occurrence in many timber species, and it’s presence is normally not apparent when the joinery is initially manufactured, coated and fitted. With resinous timber exhudation is most likelt to occur on south facing elevations and on dark surfaces when the heat of the sun liquifies and mobilises the resin, drawing it to the surface.

Although it may be unsightly, it is better not to remove fresh sticky resin. In practice, this can be very difficult, and the presence of sticky resin indicates that the exudation is still continuing.

When resin has exuded through a permeable coating, the best remedial treatment is to allow the resin to weather until it dries and oxidises, forming a white crystalline powder. The dried resin can then be removed with a stiff nylon or natural bristle brush, and any remaining residues washed off with a cloth.

Water based coatings, with their relatively high degree of moisture vapour permeability, are more likely to allow the passage of resin to the surface without damage to the coating, and if the finish is not damaged by over-vigorous scrubbing during crystal removal, re-coating is often unnecessary.

The remedial work for resin exudation is often best left until the first maintenance period, by which time the resin has normally fully crystallised. After removal as described above, the overall application of one maintenance coat of finish restores the general appearance of the timber and maintains its protection.

Knot Discolouration

Knot discolouration is caused by the migration of water soluble tannins and whilst it will not impair the service life of the joinery it can be unsightly.

Tannin migration is influenced by many factors, and it is important to identify the probable cause of staining before starting any remedial work. If the underlying cause is still present (such as active preservative treatment), it is necessary to allow it to fully dry and stabilise before attemting remedial treatment.

There are a number of practical ways to restore the decorative finish if knot staining occurs and the options shown will normally give a satisfactory result if the coating surface is sound and has not been disrupted by physical resin exudation.

Paint with Pride

Resin and knot stainingSite rectification

Technical Manual

Paint with Pride

Option One

This is a simple solution to remove surface discoloration created from the surface of the coating:

1. Ensure there is adequate ventilation in the area where the remedial work is required.

2. Clean down and wash the area to be repaired to remove all surface dirt and allow to thoroughly dry.

3. Moisten a soft cloth with Methylated Spirit and then wipe gently across the stained area until the stain has been removed. NB. Continued exposure of the coating to Methylated Spirit can soften the coating so care must be taken when carrying out this procedure.

4. In some cases faint discoloration may still remain and a localised application of the factory applied topcoat maybe required using a good quality synthetic brush.

Option Two

This is a more extensive solution and involves the use of an additional coating to provide a more robust resistance to potential future staining from resinous extractives.

1. Lightly abrade the discoloured area with a fine grade abrasive paper.

2. Clean down and wash the area to be coated to remove dirt, and allow to thoroughly dry.

3. Spot prime all discoloured areas with a solvent primer such as Teknal 2500. Allow to thoroughly dry.

4. Feather out the repair using a fine grade abrasive paper.

5. Using a good quality, long haired, synthetic brush, designed for use with acrylic paints; apply a single coat of Aquatop 2600 in the appropriate shade/colour to the affected component. Allow to thoroughly dry.

When carrying out any coating work, do not attempt to paint when the temperature is below 5 degrees Celsius, or if the relative humidity exceeds 80% as the curing and performance of the coating may be impaired.

If there is any doubt about the substrate or underlying paint film, apply the appropriate Teknos products to a small, inconspicu-ous area. Allow to dry for 24 hours and then inspect the appearance and adhesion to substrate.

Repair products can be obtained from any of the Teknos Service Centres listed below, and can be stored in frost free conditions for up to six months in sealed packaging.



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Joinery protected by Teknos factory finishing systems is water repellent; sufficiently flexible to expand and contract with the natural movement of timber; and micro porous, to allow the natural transfer of moisture vapour between the joinery and atmosphere.

In storage, before installation, it is important the joinery be properly protected from the elements and in particular protected from standing water.

Whilst protecting factory finished components from mechanical damage is well understood, it is also important to ensure basic precautions are taken to prevent the possible effects of other site contaminants such as cement render products.

Recommendations

Most render products contain lime, which prevents the product from cracking during the drying process. It is the lime powder within the render which can cause severe discolouration or damage to water borne acrylic paint products if left on the surface for prolonged periods.

As with all surface contaminants associated with site building work, it is recommended that once the rendering process has been completed, any residue which has come into contact with the painted surface of the timber is washed down with clean water at the earliest possible time. Failure to do this early enough will result in severe degradation of the coating aesthetically and can also result in ongoing performance issues related to the breakdown of the coating system itself.

Remedial repair

If the render has been left for a prolonged period before being removed and the coating has visible signs of staining or degradation, wash the areas with clean water and allow to fully dry. Lightly abrade the affected areas (180 grit sanding pad or similar) and remove any dust. If bare timber is visible, ‘spot prime’ the area with the appropriate primer product and allow to fully dry. Lightly abrade the primed area(s) and remove any surface dust. Apply appropriate topcoat product to the affected area(s) to ensure continuity of colour and opacity. A final coat of topcoat over the whole component is recommended to ensure a consistent finish.

Render stainingRemedial guidelines




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October 2011

This note gives basic guidelines on maintaining and redecorating timber clad lodges and leisure buildings.

Typically, these buildings will have maintenance cycles of around 3 years, but in exposed and coastal locations or on open elevations, wind, rain and strong sunlight can cause increased amounts of dimensional movement within the timber substrate, causing a more rapid disruption of the protective film.

For this reason, Teknos recommends the cladding is inspected annually and any areas of damage or breakdown repaired. Preventative rather than reactive maintenance will ensure the timber is always protected, extend its service life and maintain the decorative appearance of the building.

Teknos maintenance paints are water based, dry quickly, and with little smell. This note includes advice on application and further information is available by calling the local Teknos service centre or by e mailing [email protected]

General Care

At least once a year inspect the timber cladding, ideally washing it down with soapy water to remove any surface pollution or mould. This can be done at the same time as windows are cleaned.

Inspect the coated boards, looking for signs of surface damage or splitting, coating breakdown, or discolouration of the timber surface beneath the coating, which indicates moisture ingress.

Inspect and clean out guttering and downpipes, repairing any leaks, which can cause localised and excessive wetting of the cladding.

Spot repair any minor areas of coating damage, shakes or open joints.

Repair products

The table below lists the Teknos maintenance products used to maintain factory finished timber cladding.

These can be purchased direct from our service centres in Banbury, Livingston and Belfast. Payment is accepted by credit or debit card and orders placed before noon will normally be despatched and delivered by courier within three working days.

Primers and Base Stains Teknol Aqua 1410 preservative

Aqua Primer 2900 base stain

Anti Stain Aqua 2901 opaque primer

Top Coats Aquatop 2600 translucent and opaque finish

Ancillaries Teknoseal 4000 end grain sealer

Teknoseal 4001 construction joint sealer

Teknofill 5001 fine surface filler

Primers and topcoats are available in 3 and 20 litre containers and typically 1 litre of primer or topcoat will cover a surface area of 8 - 10 square metres.

All the recommended Teknos products are water based, with VOC levels significantly below current and proposed legislative levels. Teknos does not use heavy metal additives in any of its products.

Leisure buildings and deckingMaintenance guidelines

Technical Manual

October 2011

Paint with Pride

Choosing Colours

Opaque (Solid) Colours

When repainting with opaque colours quote the appropriate British Standard, RAL or other colour reference. If a primer is required, use Anti Stain Aqua 2901 antique white primer with lighter topcoats: with darker topcoats, use Anti Stain Aqua 2901 grey primer.

Opaque paint films tend to fade with weathering and the fresh paint may not exactly match the weathered original. For this reason it is best to recoat full panels or elevations to avoid a patchy appearance.

Cladding produced from Western Red Cedar, which contains high levels of tannin extractives, may stain when redecorated with an opaque finish. Before repainting please contact Teknos for further information.

Translucent Shades

Translucent coatings (sometimes called stains) are designed to let the natural colour and structure of the timber show through the protective coating. With natural weathering, the colour of the timber changes, darkening or lightening dependant on the timber species and it is almost impossible to exactly match the original colour. Teknos recommend using a lightly tinted translucent topcoat to refresh the original topcoat and still allow the timber grain to show through; darker topcoats and highly pigmented stains tend to “block” the natural colour of the wood and after several redecorations will begin to look like solid colours.

The chart below gives some guidance on the choice of translucent topcoat maintenance colours, but when in doubt, choose a lighter rather than darker shade.

Colour Example Topcoat

Light Shades Aquatop 2600 light oak

Medium Shades Aquatop 2600sapele

Dark Shades Aquatop 2600teak

For other translucent shades, greens, blues etc. please refer to the Teknos Parkland and Lodge colour ranges.

Redecoration

First and subsequent redecoration

All areas to be recoated should be lightly abraded with fine grade adhesive paper, then washed down with a mild detergent solution and rinsed with clean water to remove dust, insects and other contaminants.

Using a good quality, long haired, synthetic brush, designed for use with acrylic paints, apply two coats of Aquatop 2600 opaque or translucent topcoat in the appropriate shade, colour and gloss level. Allow to dry for four hours between coats.

The horizontal joints between the timber sections open and close with the natural movement of timber during the seasons, so take care to brush the coating as far as possible into these joints.

Handrails and decking

The procedure described above can also be used for recoating handrails and railings.

On previously coated decks, traffic wear and water ponding lead to more rapid breakdown of the protective film and annual maintenance will be required to maintain the decorative appearance. Also, extra care is required when cleaning prior to coating to ensure that all mould is fully removed.

Teknos recommend Aquatop 2600 as a top coat for translucent deck finishes which can be roller or brush applied. For opaque deck coatings, Aquatop 2600 can be used, though thining up to 10% with water may be necessary to ease application.

When roller applying deck coating, two coats are recommended on high traffic areas, with a 4 hour drying interval between coats.

Refer to the application guidelines on the following pages.

October 2011

Paint with Pride

If regular maintenance is delayed or some other damage has occurred, additional steps may be necessary to reinstate the finish to its initial condition. The notes below cover the most common problems, and further help is available from our Customer Service teams.

Where paint is flaking; moisture has penetrated joints, end grain or fixings; or natural movement of the timber substrate has opened shakes; treat the cladding boards as follows:

Abrade the damaged area with a medium and then fine grade abrasive paper to remove all unsound paintwork and denatured timber surface, then feather out surrounding paint film to leave a smooth surface.

Clean down and wash the abraded area to remove dust and allow to thoroughly dry.

Treat bare wood, if appropriate, with a surface preservative such as Teknol Aqua 1410 and allow to dry.

For translucent systems, prime the damaged area with Aqua Primer 2900 base coat stain; for opaque systems use Anti Stain Aqua 2901.

When applying Aqua Primer 2900 base stain, apply light thin coats, gradually building up the colour to blend in with the surrounding paintwork. Since the timber substrate will discolour over time due to UV exposure, it may be difficult to get an exact match, but by building up the colour in this way, a close match will be possible.

When applying Anti Stain Aqua 2901, use thin coats to build up the coating thickness in the damaged areas to the level of the surrounding sound coating.

After base staining or priming, seal any exposed board ends with Teknoseal 4000 end grain sealer and allow to thoroughly dry.

For translucent systems, use thin coats of Aquatop 2600 translucent topcoat (in the appropriate colour) to build up the coating thickness in the damaged areas to the level of the surrounding sound coating.

Seal any open joints with Teknoseal 4001 joint sealer applied with a cartridge gun. Wipe with a damp cloth or spatula to give a smooth joint and allow to dry to a clear finish.

Brush on a generous coat of Aquatop 2600 opaque or translucent topcoat in the appropriate shade, colour and gloss level. Allow to dry for 4 hours, then apply a second coat.

Resin Exudation

Resin occurs naturally in timber, often in pockets within the wood or associated with knots. Some timber species are naturally more resinous than others , but the presence of resin is normally not detectable when cladding is produced.

Resin exudation often occurs on southern elevations and on darker coloured joinery where the sun’s heat liquifies and mobilises the resin drawing it to the surface.

Where resin has exuded through the coating:

Although it may be unsightly, it is better not to remove fresh sticky resin. In practice, this can be difficult, and its presence indicates that the exudation is still continuing. Remedial work is often best left until the first maintenance period, by which time the resin has normally fully crystallised.

The best remedial treatment is to allow resin to weather until it dries and oxidises, forming a white crystalline powder. The dried resin can then be removed with a stiff nylon or natural bristle brush, and any remaining residues washed off with a cloth.

Water based coatings often allow the passage of resin to the surface without damaging the coating. If the finish is not damaged, by over-vigorous scrubbing during crystal removal, re-coating is often unnecessary, but otherwise an overall application of a finish coat restores the general appearance of the timber and maintains its protection.

Problem Areas

The short drying time and reduced flow of water based paints requires a different technique to achieve a good finish. Following a few simple hints will produce excellent results.

The quality of the brush is very important; a long haired synthetic brush will give the best results. Avoid short haired or worn brushes which may leave lines in the dry film. Thoroughly wet the brush with water before starting, ensuring the base of the bristles (the heel of the brush) is fully wetted.

The viscosity of the paint will affect the ease of application. Whilst the product can be applied directly from the tin, additional thinning with between 5 and 10% of water will improve the flow and levelling properties of the product, particularly in warmer weather.

For best results follow three simple steps:

• Load the coating generously onto the surface and disperse the paint briskly

• Even out the coating with light diagonal cross strokes, do not overbrush, the coating will flow and level naturally

• Finish the application with light brush strokes in the direction of the grain

With practice an even coat can be applied quickly. An even coating film is important for durability, but also for appearance, particularly in the case of translucent wood stain.

Apply and finish each section systematically, ideally one board length at a time.

When applying darker opaque colours over previously applied lighter shades use a base coat of the final colour or one coat of Anti Stain Aqua 2901 grey to aid opacity.

Do not attempt to paint when the temperature is below 5 degrees Celsius, or if the relative humidity exceeds 80%: the curing and performance of the coating may be impaired.

If there is any doubt about the substrate or underlying paint film, apply the appropriate Teknos products to a small, inconspicuous area, allow to dry for 24 hours and then inspect for appearance and adhesion to substrate.

Wash out brushes with a mild detergent solution such as washing up liquid then rinse with clean water.

Brush application guidelines

Paint with Pride



Oxfordshire OX7 4BN

Tel. +44 (0) 1608 683494Fax: +44 (0) 1608 683487




Belfast BT3 9JP

Tel. +44 (0) 2890 960670Fax: +44 (0) 2890 960674




Tel. +44 (0) 1506 436222Fax: +44 (0) 1506 448826


Teknos GBI


www.teknos.co.uk

Service life guidesIndex


1. Single pack exterior joinery

2. 2k systems

3. Timber cladding



Oxfordshire OX7 4BN

Tel. +44 (0) 1608 683494Fax: +44 (0) 1608 683487




Belfast BT3 9JP

Tel. +44 (0) 2890 960670Fax: +44 (0) 2890 960674




Tel. +44 (0) 1506 436222Fax: +44 (0) 1506 448826


Teknos GBI


www.teknos.co.uk

Paint with Pride

V J15

Independent research shows good quality, factory finished, exterior joinery has a typical service life of around 60 years; and more if best practice building construction and design principles are followed.

Like most durable products, joinery service life is closely related to appropriate maintenance. This note gives guidance on typical durability and maintenance cycles for Teknos’ single pack joinery coating systems.

The timber species used in construction affects not only the ultimate service life of the joinery but also the paint system maintenance frequency.

Modern paint systems are flexible and resistant to direct weathering, but will begin to degrade when sunlight (UV) starts to degrade the lignin in the timber surface. How quickly this happens is a function of the timber species.

Coating pigmentation inhibits UV degradation in much the same way that sun creams protect exposed skin. If the pigmentation is low, as in light translucent shades, the protection factor is less than more heavily pigmented coatings such as whites and opaque colours. This is reflected in the maintenance frequency.

Very dark colours, such as black, have high heat absorption in direct sunlight and at high temperatures, resin bleed and surface checking can cause problems with some timber species, requiring more frequent maintenance.

Exposure conditions vary significantly with location. Timber naturally expands and contracts with temperature and moisture and more extreme and variable climates experience earlier surface degradation and so south facing elevations, coastal sites, and exposed locations require more frequent maintenance.

Good joinery design is critical to long term performance. Features such as rounded edges, sloping cills, fully protecting glazing beads, protecting end grain and construction joints will help efficient and fast water drain off and significantly extend maintenance periods.

Coated surfaces and adjacent rainwater goods should be maintained and washed down annually, to remove pollution and repair damaged areas.

Some “chalking” of the paint film will occur over time due to surface erosion of the microporous paint film. This is quite normal and does not detract from the system performance.

Most hardwoods exude tannins, while softwood knots may bleed tannin or exude resins. Both can stain the topcoat, and liquid resin may seep through the coating leaving a sticky residue on the surface. These problems, normally seen after installation, can be aesthetically unappealing but rarely detract from coating performance. Restoring the appearance and integrity of the coating, is straightforward and explained in Teknos’ maintenance guidelines.

Oak joinery is often specified with a clear finish in an attempt to preserve its factory appearance. Unfortunately, Oak is particularly susceptable to surface splitting and degradation. Oak rapidly discolours in sunlight and darkens if moisture penetrates unprotected joints or end grain. Oak’s natural durability means these issues rarely cause a performance problem, but they can be unattractive. Teknos can supply a system which complements the features of Oak, however, regular maintenance is required to maintain the aesthetics.

The graphs above show typical maintenance intervals for a range of coating systems applied to three typical cladding substrates. Extended maintenance frequencies can be achieved in optimum conditions.

Note:This information relates to coatings applied in the factory; to well designed joinery; applied at the correct film thickness; and using recommended application methods.

Single pack joinery coating systemsService life guide

Technical Manual

Factors affecting service life and maintenance frequency

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Light Translucent

Dark Translucent

Parkland

Opaque

Maintenance frequency (years)

Minimum

Extended

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Light Translucent

Dark Translucent

Parkland

Opaque


Minimum

Extended

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Light Translucent

Dark Translucent

Parkland

Opaque


Minimum

Extended

European Redwood

Accoya

Hardwood: Sapele

Paint with Pride

V J15

Teknodur Aqua two component coating systems, applied to stable metallic and plastic substrates, provide a tougher and more resistant surface than single component systems, with longer maintenance intervals.

Teknodur Aqua systems are particularly suited to applications such as composite exterior doors and for hard to maintain areas like conservatory roofing components and cappings.

In most circumstances, Teknodur Aqua 2k systems will perform in line with the design life of the building, though they will require regular cleaning and restoration of the dry film integrity if damaged.

Teknos Teknodur systems have been tested and conform to the following standards:

Test description Reference StandardAbrasion resistance EN ISO 1518 > 30 minutes @ 300 g

Humidity resistance DIN 50 017 No blistering after 5 cycles

Colour stability (∆E) ASTM G53-77QUV A < 2.0 @ 2000 hrs: < 5.0 @ 5000 hrs

Many factors can influence coating durability, making maintenance cycle projections difficult and sometimes misleading. The following points, based on practical experience in the UK and Ireland, will help ensure maximum performance is achieved:

• Coated surfaces and adjacent rainwater goods should be regularly maintained and washed down, at least once per year to remove surface pollution.

• Some “chalking” of the paint film will occur over time due to the natural erosion of the coating surface. This is quite normal and does not detract from the systems performance.

• During the annual inspection, any damage or coating breakdown should be repaired by touching up with Teknodur Aqua topcoat.

• With all coating finishes, regular washing down (but not high pressure washing) of the painted surfaces, e.g. whenever the glass is cleaned, will help extend the life of the coating, and in most case a single brush coat of the appropriate Teknodur finish will restore the systems as it gets near the end of its maintenance cycle.

• The performance of two component surface coatings is particularly affected by surface preparation and application method, so it is very important to ensure that all preparation is carried out in line with the relevant Technical Data Sheets.

The graph above shows typical maintenance intervals for Teknodur Aqua systems applied to stable metal or plastic substrates. Extended maintenance frequencies can be achieved in optimum conditions.

Note:This information relates to coatings applied in the factory; at the correct film thickness; and using recommended application methods.

Teknodur Aqua 2k systemsService life guide

Technical Manual

Factors affecting service life and maintenance frequency

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Maintenance Frequency (years)

Teknodur Aqua Opaque Systems

Minimum

Extended

Paint with Pride

V J15

Exposure conditions vary significantly in the British Isles. South facing elevations, coastal sites, and sunny exposed locations will all reduce, to some extent, coating life to first maintenance.

This note gives a guide to typical maintenance cycles on cladding, factory finished with Teknos exterior systems. The lifetimes quoted are intended to give a reasonable guide in average UK conditions.

As a general rule, Teknos recommend more frequent preventative, rather than reactive, maintenance. This helps maintain decorative appearance while reducing the time and cost of individual maintenance cycles.

Design factors affecting service life and maintenance cycles

Good profile design is critical to long term cladding performance. In particular, sharp edges should be eliminated and all features designed to ensure fast, efficient water drain off. All end grain must be fully coated with a minimum of one, and ideally two, coats of Teknoseal 4000 end grain sealer.

The choice of timber species has a significant influence on paint system durability. Species with good dimensional stability, resistance to cupping, and to surface checking will extend service life and require less frequent maintenance.

Appropriate fixing methods are essential if the specified cladding service life is to be achieved and maintenance intervals extended. Face fixings, which provide weak spots for moisture ingress, should be avoided and adequate ventillation available behind the boards to prevent moisture build up.

Some timbers naturally exude resin from knots, causing tannin stains in the topcoat or liquid resin bleed, which seeps through the coating leaving a sticky residue on the surface. These problems are normally seen after installation and though aesthetically unappealing do not necessarily detract from coating performance.

Coating breakdown is usually initiated by mechanical breakdown caused either by failure at the timber surface or dimensional changes in the board as moisture levels vary. Flexibile (low modulus) Teknos water based acrylic coatings provide greater resistance to this type of failure than oil based paints.

Sunlight (UV) degrades the lignin in the timber surface, initiating breakdown, and shortening maintenance cycles. Coating pigmentation inhibits UV degradation in much the same way that sun creams protect exposed skin. If the pigmentation is low, as in light translucent shades, the protection factor is less than more heavily pigmented coatings such as whites and opaque colours. This is reflected in the maintenance frequency.

Care is also required with very dark colours, such as blacks, which have high heat absorption in direct sunlight. At high temperatures, resin bleed and surface checking can cause problems, with some timber species requiring more frequent maintenance.

Coated surfaces and adjacent rainwater goods should be regularly maintained and washed down to remove surface pollution (NB. Do not use pressure washers).

Some “chalking” of the paint film will occur over time due to the natural erosion of the microporous paint film. This is quite normal and does not detract from the system performance.

0 2 4 6 8 10

Light Translucent

Dark Translucent

Parkland

Opaque


Minimum

Extended

European Redwood

0 2 4 6 8 10

Light Translucent

Dark Translucent

Parkland

Opaque


Minimum

Extended

Western Red Cedar

The graphs above show typical maintenance intervals for a range of coating systems applied to three typical cladding substrates. Extended maintenance frequencies can be achieved in optimum conditions.

Note:This information relates to coatings applied in the factory; to well designed timber cladding; applied at the correct film thickness; and using recommended application methods.

Accoya

0 2 4 6 8 10

Light Translucent

Dark Translucent

Parkland

Opaque


Minimum

Extended

Timber claddingService life guide

Technical Manual

Product SelectorIndex


1. Preservatives and isolating primers

2. Primers and base stains

3. Water based top coats

4. Internal joinery coatings

5. Two pack products



Oxfordshire OX7 4BN

Tel. +44 (0) 1608 683494Fax: +44 (0) 1608 683487




Belfast BT3 9JP

Tel. +44 (0) 2890 960670Fax: +44 (0) 2890 960674




Tel. +44 (0) 1506 436222Fax: +44 (0) 1506 448826


Teknos GBI


www.teknos.co.uk

Key products guide: Externalwater based preservatives and isolating products

Product Type Product name Typical use Application method Colours Key features

Preservative

Teknol Aqua 1410

A topical preservative meeting Class 3, BS EN 335-1 when used in Teknos’ factory applied protection system

Dip, Flow Coat Colourless

• Tested to BS EN 599-1• BPD, NHBC and BRE approved• Resists wood destroying fungi and

moulds

Aqua Primer Combi 2907

Combination base stain and topical preservative meeting Class 3, BS EN 335-1 when used in Teknos’ factory applied protection system

Dip, Flow Coat Range of base stain shades

• Tested to BS EN 599-1• BPD, NHBC and BRE approved• Resists wood destroying fungi and

moulds

Isolating products

Anti Stain Aqua 2901 Inhibits natural tannin staining on hardwood joinery and veneers

Dip, Flow Coat or Spray

Antique White, Grey

• Harwood stain inhibitor• Internal or external use• Primer and/or mid coat application

Anti Stain Aqua 5200Knot stain inhibitor in combination with Teknofill 5001 and Teknos Knotting

Spray White• Knot stain inhibitor• Internal or external use• Primer or mid coat application

MDF Sealer Teknoseal 4002A translucent sealer for exterior MDF. Used as a first coat in a Teknos protective system

Spray Colourless• Excellent filling and blocking• Inhibits moisture ingress• Reduced fibre raising

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www.teknos.co.uk

Key products guide: Externalwater based primers and base stain

Product Type Product name Typical use Application method

Colours Key features

Translucent Base Coat Aqua Primer Translucent base stain

Hardwood and Softwood structures and joinery components

Dip, Flow Coator Spray

A wide range of natural wood stain colours

• Internal or external use• Equalises surface colour• Increases substrate UV Stability

Opaque Primers

Aqua Primer Dip primer Softwood structures and joinery components Dip, Flow Coat White • Internal or external use

Aqua Primer spray primer

Softwood structures and joinery components Spray White, Cream

• Internal or external use• High film build• Excellent grain filling and sanding

Teknocryl Aqua Composite materials such as GRP, wood/uPVC blends Spray

Grey, Red Oxide, RAL 1011, Oak, Mahogany, Rosewood

• Excellent adhesion to a wide range of plastics

• Suitable for Teknos water based top coats

• Base colour for grained finishes

Teknocryl Aqua 2780 Aluminium, powder coated, and uPVC components Spray Grey

• Good adhesion on wide range of surfaces

• Allows non timber components to be finished with Teknos water based top coats

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Products guide: Externalwater based topcoats


Opaque topcoats

Aquatop 2600 White Microporous white finish for exterior joinery

Spray, brush or roller

Brilliant white, RAL 9010, and RAL 9016

• Durable and decorative high build microporous coatings

• Water based• Brilliant white available in gloss 60, semi

gloss 40 or semi matt 20• Other opaque colours supplied in

natural semi matt sheen• Fast drying and non blocking

formulation• Mould resistant• Meets Class 3: BS EN 476 Part 7

Aquatop 2600 Opaque Microporous opaque finish for exterior joinery


Extensive range of RAL, BS, NCS, Teknos and bespoke opaque shades

Translucent topcoats

Aquatop 2600 Microporous translucent finish for exterior joinery


Teknos “Lodge” and “Parkland” shades and a wide range of natural wood colours

• Durable and decorative microporous translucent coatings

• Water based• Aquatop 2600 translucent finishes

available in semi gloss 40 or semi matt 10

• Aquafiller 5000 supplied in semi matt sheen

• Fast drying and non blocking formulation

• Mould resistant

Aquafiller 5000Microporous mid coat and top coat for decking, timber structures and exterior joinery


Paint with Pride

www.teknos.co.uk

Product guide: internal products


Stain Teknostain Water based stain to enhance colour of softwood veneers

Spray, Brush or Rag 12 traditional colours

• Quick drying• reduced grain raising

Sanding sealer Aqua Filler Grain filler and sealer for internal joinery

Spray or vacuum coater Colourless • High film build

• Good drying and sanding properties

Opaque primers

Aqua Primer 1190

Water based primer for softwood veneers, MDF and HDF

Spray, Flow coat orVacuum coater White

• High film build• good filling and blocking

Aqua Primer 1100 • Excellent filling and blocking• Excellent opacity/topcoat acceptance

Teknocoat Aqua 1875 Stain inhibiting primer for hardwood and hardwood veneers Spray or flow coat White • Tannin inhibitor

• Excellent filling and sanding properties

Opaque top coats Krystall Topp Water based white and opaque top coats for interior joinery

Spray, vacuum coater, brush or roller

Clean White, RAL, BS, NCS, Teknos and bespoke shades

• White available in Gloss 25 and Gloss 60• Colours are supplied in Gloss 25

Translucent top coat Hydroline Water based translucent top coat for interior joinery Clear • Two Gloss levels 80 and 20

• Excellent clarity

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Note: Anti microbial versions of Hydroline and Krystall Topp, incorporating SteriTouch® silver additive are available

Key products guide: Externaltwin pack products


Twin component primer Teknopox Aqua 3

Epoxy primer for aluminium, exterior metal fittings, cappings etc.

Spray or brush Grey• Water based• Twin pack, chemically cured, high

performance primer

Twin component opaque top coat Teknodur Aqua 3393

Polyurethane opaque satin finish for composite doors, uPVC, exterior fittings and cappings

Spray or brush

Wide range of RAL, BS, NCS, Teknos and bespoke colours

• Water based• Twin pack, chemically cured, high

performance top coat• Ideal for areas where extended

maintenance life is required

Twin component clear top coat Teknodur Aqua 3394

Clear Polyurethane satin finish for composite doors, uPVC, exterior fittings and cappings

Spray or brush Clear

• Water based, twin pack, chemically cured, high performance finish

• Improved scratch resistance on doors and composite components

Paint with Pride

www.teknos.co.uk

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