ETHIOPIAN DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Teff Production and Market Access in Ethiopia
Mekamu Kedir, Emily Schmidt, Helina TilahunIFPRI ESSP-II EDRI
Improved Evidence Towards Better Policies for the Teff Value Chain October 10, 2013Addis Ababa
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2
• Understand spatial and temporal teff production pattern;
• Explore how transportation infrastructure and market access overlaps with :
• teff production and, • chemical fertilizer use over time.
Objectives
• This study links agricultural production and input data from the Agricultural Sample Survey (AgSS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data.
- Ethiopian Agricultural Sample Enumeration (2001/02) ;- AgSS (1995/96, 2006/07 and 2010/11 );- GIS data: Elevation and Slope grid, city population, and road networks.
• Pairing these data, we explore :- Teff production, area, and yield (1995-2011);- Changes in fertilizer use on teff production areas (1995-2011);- Changes in market access (1995-2011).
Data and method
• We also categorize production by terciles into top, middle, and low producing woredas.
- Sort all woredas by total production,- Identify the top 33.3% of highest producing woredas = top producers,- We follow the same procedure for middle and low producing woredas.
• Within these categories we examine:- Share of producers using fertilizer and;- Share of fertilized teff area;
• The study uses measurements of travel time to examine differences in agricultural production and input use.
Data and method
• The percent of producers applying fertilizer on teff fields and share of fertilized teff area increased over time.
• Top production category has the highest share.
Fertilizer Use, Teff Producers, and Area
2000/2001 2006/7 2010/110%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Top 33.3%Middle 33.3%Bottom 33.3%
Perc
ent o
f teff
pro
duce
rs u
sing
fer-
tilize
r
2000/2001 2006/7 2010/110%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Top 33.3%Middle 33.3%Bottom 33.3%
Perc
ent o
f fer
tilize
d te
ff ar
ea
1995/96 2006/07 2010/110%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Under 3 hoursOver 3 hours
Perc
ent o
f teff
pro
ducti
on
1995/96 2006/07 2010/110%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Under 3 hoursOver 3 hours
Perc
ent o
f teff
are
a
Teff Production, Area, and Accessibility
• In non-remote areas, there is an increase in percentage of:
• Teff production,
• Teff area.
Teff Yield, Fertilized Area, and Accessibility
• In non-remote areas, there is an increase in:
• Teff yield,
• The percent of fertilized teff area.1995/96 2006/07 2010/11
0%
20%
40%
60%
Under 3 hours
Perc
ent o
f fer
tilize
d ar
ea
1995/96 2006/07 2010/11 -
4.00
8.00
12.00
16.00
Under 3 hours
Teff
yiel
d
16
Conclusions • The percent of producers applying fertilizer on teff fields
increased.
• Increasingly larger share of teff area is being fertilized.
• An increase in teff production, area, and yield is noted within 3 hours travel time to a city of at least 50,000 people.
• Increasing intensification over time in teff production, for remote and non-remote farmers.
• Strong correlation of market access and fertilizer use on teff fields.