telePresence Tracking Project Results

Psychological Processing of Media Spring 2013

Sample Demographic

MALE39%

FEMALE61%

SEX

N=15

6-13 YEARS OLD

14-21 YEARS OLD

22-29 YEARS OLD

30-37 YEARS OLD

38-45 YEARS OLD

46-53 YEARS OLD

54-61 YEARS OLD

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0

18

14

2

0

2 2

AGE

N=23

Sample Demographic

252

11

CITY

PHILADELPHIAWASHINGTON DCOTHERS

PRE-

HIGH S

CHOOL

SOME

HIGH S

CHOOL

HIGH S

CHOOL DEG

REE

SOME

COLLEG

E

COLLEG

E DEG

REE

SOME

GRADUATE S

CHOOL

GRADUATE S

CHOOL DEG

REE0

5

10

15

20

25

0 0

3

22

4

6

3

EDUCATION

Sample Demographic

NOTHING (1)

2 3 4 A LOT (5)0

2

4

6

8

10

12

FAMILARITY WITH TELEPRESENCE

NU

MB

ER

OF P

EO

PLE

NOTHING (1)

2 3 4 A LOT (5)0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

FAMILARITY WITH MEDIA PRODUCTION

• One experience per day most common• Note first day anomaly, trailing off

Frequency of Presence Experience

4/30/13 5/1/13 5/2/13 5/3/13 5/4/13 5/5/13 5/6/13 5/7/13 5/8/130

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

13

6

89

11

9 9

5

3

12

13

15

13

11

12

5

9

3

1

5

1

3

1 1

4

2

0

2

0 0

1

0 0

1

0 0

0 times

1 times

2 times

3+ times

38 people115 experiences

Media Technology

Computer

Cell/Smart-phone

Television

Tablet

Other

Film (in Theater)

Book

Portable Media Player

Videogame

Computer, Film

Computer, Film, TV, Videogame

Computer, Cell/Smart-phone

Computer, Cell/Smart-phone, TV

Computer, Videogame

Radio

Radio, Cell/Smart-phone, TV, Videogame, Tablet

Radio, TV

Videogame, Tablet

0 10 20 30 40

36

19

18

8

7

6

5

4

3

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 Computer, smartphone, TV and tablet

No landline phone Film affected by time

of semester?

Media Element

Moving Image/Sound

Moving Image

Text

Sound

Moving Image/Sound, Interactivity

Text, Still Image

Still Image, Moving Image, Sound

Interactivity

Text, Still Image, Moving Image, Sound

Text, Still Image, Moving Image, Sound, Interactivity

Text, Still Image, Interactivity

Still Image

Still Image, Moving Image, Sound, Touch, Interactivity

Moving Image, Sound, Touch

Text, Still Image, Moving Image

Text, Moving Image

Text, Moving Image, Sound, Touch

Text, Interactivity

Moving Image, Sound, Touch, Smell

Moving Image, Sound, Other

Sound, Interactivity

Other

0 5 10 15 20 25

23

22

15

15

7

6

4

3

2

2

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Moving image/sound dominates

Confusion about moving image including sound?

Text well represented Many combos

Intensity

1 2 3 4 5 6 70

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

15

14 15

40

23

17

Mean = 4.96SD = 1.398N = 115

• Mean above scale midpoint• Every point represented

Enjoyment

1 2 3 4 5 6 70

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

5

1

7 6

26

33

37

Mean = 5.56SD = 1.534N = 115

• High mean• Every point represented

Type of Presence

ENGAGEMENT SOCIAL PRESENCE

SPATIAL PRESENCE

TRANSPORTATION REALISM - PERCEPTUAL

INVERSE PRESENCE

REALISM - SOCIAL

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

24

16

9

6

43

1

Media Technology and Presence Intensity

Com

pute

r

Cell/Sm

art-p

hone

Televisio

n

Tabl

et

Other

Film

Book

Portab

le M

edia P

laye

r

Vide

ogam

e

Radi

o0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 (Not at all strong)

2

3

4

5

6

7 (Very strong)

M=4.20 M=4.25M=4.00 M=5.00M=5.33M=4.71M=6.13M=5.11M=4.74M=4.78

Media Technology and Presence Enjoyment

Compu

ter

Cell/S

mar

t-pho

ne

Tele

visio

n

Tabl

et

Other

Film

Book

Porta

ble

Med

ia Pla

yer

Video

gam

e

Radio

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1 (Not at all strong)

2

3

4

5

6

7 (Very strong)

M=5.60 M=6.25M=5.67 M=6.00M=6.00M=5.14M=6.25M=5.28M=5.68M=5.25

Computer: All typesTV: Engagement, socialFilm: TransportationPhone: Spatial, social

Media Technology and Type of Presence

Compu

ter

Cell/S

mar

t-pho

ne

Tele

visio

n

Tabl

etFil

m

Porta

ble

Media

Pla

yer

Book

Other

Video

gam

e0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Spatial PresenceSocial PresenceTransportationEngagementSocial RealismPerceptual RealismInverse Presence

Time

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

10

2

9

17

13

16

32

16

Early evening most common

Then late morning Every time

represented

Duration (Minutes)

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

10.0

12.0

15.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

43.0

45.0

50.0

55.0

60.0

75.0

80.0

90.0

100.

0

120.

0

130.

0

180.

0

190.

00

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

2

5

1

4

6

1

6

1

10

1

2

1

11

2

10

8

12

2

1

2 2

1

8

1 1

2 2

4

1 1

2

M=30.978 Median=1

5 Range=20

seconds – 190 minutes

Minutes

Place

Home

Public

Spac

e

Schoo

l

Other

Wor

k

Car /

Other

Veh

icle

Walking

Home,

Sch

ool,

Public

Spac

e

Home,

Public

Spac

e, O

ther

80

117 6 5

2 2 1 1

Home dominates Public Space and

School follows

Interaction with People

76%

24%

Interaction with People

No Yes

56%26%

10%

8%

CompanyAloneOne Other PersonGroup of Family and/or FriendsGroup of Strangers

How the Experience Ends

You

decid

ed to

end

Med

ia p

rese

ntat

ion

ende

d

Som

eone

/thin

g In

terrup

ted

Don't

rem

embe

r

Combo

s

Other

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

4442

118

64

Break in presence rare

“I gasped extremely loud which interrupted my experience”.

“The poor connection of network” (Technology fail)

Gender Differences

Intensity Enjoyment4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

5

5.2

5.4

5.6

5.8

FemaleMale

• Females report slightly stronger and more enjoyable experience

Additional Comments Movie/Music “I was watching The Office and several

characters broke the 4th wall. They talked to you while looking at you at the camera. It felt like I was talking with them”.

“Happened to see end of Austin City Limits on PBS with Kat Edmondson, who I'd never heard of; her voice and the instruments were so clear and distinct and 'real' and 'present'; I was able to think how I was experiencing presence as I was experiencing it, very '2-track'...”

“Was listening to music, felt like I was next to the person performing”.

Additional Comments Mobile phone/Online text “My sister snap chatted me videos of her

talking to my dogs. It felt so real, like I was really there next to her”.

“I was browsing the internet and was in an online forum. I quickly became engaged in the forum. After being on the website for a long enough time, despite being a text-only forum with posts from a few hours ago, it felt as if I was actually communicating in real-time with the other posts”.

“I was reading an e-mail from my advisor, while I was able to see her expression and gestures by reading her words”.

Additional Comments Videogame/Other technology “I was playing an iPad game: D-day that I felt I

was right on the battlefield”. “The screen is too small, otherwise the

experience should be stronger”. “I went to the movies and saw a film in 3-d”.

Bugs and Questions Primary medium instead of “check all that

apply”? How complete was reporting? “Who else was with you?”: mediated or not

mediated? How did you decide what to report and not to

report? Future questions: time by medium, time by

enjoyment, etc. Add tech failure, media presentation change? Moving images without sound? “Check all that apply” problems

Conclusions Telepresence is common At least once a day Home Alone Not with real people in real-time In early evening With computer and phone With moving image/sound Mildly intense, very enjoyable Engagement, social and spatial Research is challenging, but we did good.