TEORI ORGANISASI DAN MANAGEMEN

ORGANIZATION

A CONSCIOUSLY COORDINATED SOCIAL ENTITY, WITH A RELATIVELY IDENTIFIABLE BOUNDARY, THAT FUNCTION ON A RELATIVELY CONTINUOUS BASIS TO ACHIEVE A COMMON GOALS OR SET OF GOALS (ROBIN)

Elements of organizationElements of organization

• 1. Consciously coordinated = management (structure and design)

• 2. Social entity = people or group of people• 3. Relatively identifiable boundary = differentiate

who is and who is not part of organization• 4. Continuing bond = participate with some degree of

regularity• 5. Goal or goals = unattainable individually or more

efficient through group of effort

PERSPEKTIF MIKRO DAN MAKRO ORGANISASI

CONSCIOUSLY COORDINATED =MANAGEMENT (STRUCTURE

AND DESIGN)

SOCIAL ENTITY = PEOPLE OR GROUP OF PEOPLE

RELATIVELY IDENTIFIABLE BOUNDARY =DIFFERENTIATE WHO IS AND WHO IS NOT PART

OF ORGANIZATION

CONTINUING BOND = PARTICIPATE WITH SOME DEGREE OF REGULARITY

GOAL OR GOALS = UNATTAINABLE INDIVIDUALLY

OR MORE EEFICIENT TROUGH GROUP OF EFFORT

ORGANIZATION

ORGANIZATION

MAKRO PERSPECTIVE

NAME = ORGANIZATION THEORY FOCUS = ORG. ITSELF & PRIMARY

SUB UNIT, BEHAV. OF ORG., ORG. EFFECTIVENESS (ABILITY TO ADAPT & ACHIEVE ITS GOALS)

MICRO PERSPECTIVE

NAME = ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR FOCUS = INDIVIDU & SMALL GROUP,

BEHAVIOR IN ORG. (EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE, ATTTITUDE

VARIABLES – EMPLYEE PRODUCTIVITY, ABSENTEEISM,

TURNOVER AND JOB SATISFACTION)

BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS

PERSONALITY

VALUES AND ATTITUDES

ABILITY

PERCEPTION

MOTIVATION

INIVIDUAL LEVEL

INDIVIDUALDECISION MAKING

OTHER GROUP

CONFLICT POWER & POLITICS

COMMUNICATION GROUP

STRUCTURE

GROUP DECISION MAKING

LEADERSHIP

Intergroup Relationship

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE & DESIGN

HR POLICIES &

PRACTICES WORK STRESS

PRODUCTIVITY

ABSENCE

TURNOVER

SATISFACTION

HUMAN OUTPUT

Organizational Level

Group level

Individual Level

Nat

iona

l C

ult

ure

CHANGE & DEVELOPMENT

HUMAN

INPUT

ORGANISASI MAKROORGANISASI MAKRO

Determinan Struktur•Strategi•Ukuran•Teknologi•Lingkungan•Kekuasaan

Struktur Organisasi

Desain Organisasi

Aplikasi:Pengelolaan Lingkungan, Konflik,Kultur,Perubahan

Efektifitas Organisasi

KONSEP MANAGEMENKONSEP MANAGEMEN

PROSES MULAI DARI PERENCANAAN, PENGORGANISASIAN, PELAKSANAAN, DAN PENGENDALIAN SUMBER DAYA UNTUK MENCAPAI TUJUAN YANG TELAH DITETAPKAN.

Evolusi Teori Organisasi dan Evolusi Teori Organisasi dan

ManagemenManagemen Perspektif Metapora Managemen PeriodeKlasik Mesin Managemen ilmiah

(Taylor), prinsip managemen (Fayol), birokrasi (Weber)

1900s

Modern Organinism Teori system umum (Bertalanffy), hierakhi system (Bouding), teori kontigensi: lingkungan, strategi, teknologi, pegawai & kultur, struktur

1950s

Simbolik interpretif Kultur Kontek cultural (Hofstede), budaya organisasi dan sub-kultur (Peter dan Waterman)

1980s

Paska-modern Tempelan Rantai nilai (Porter), fragmentasi (Lyotard)

1990s

Concepts Of LevelConcepts Of Level

Supersystem

System

Subsystem

Environtment

Organization

Unit or Department

Top management

Middle management

Supervision

System Level Level Of Analysis Hierarchical Level

LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT AND LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SKILLSRELATED SKILLS

CO

NC

EP

TU

AL

SK

ILLS

TEC

HN

ICA

L S

KIL

LS

HU

MA

N S

KIL

LS

TOP LEVEL

MIDLE LEVEL

LOWER LEVEL

MANAGEMENT PROCESSMANAGEMENT PROCESS

• PLANNING

• ORGANIZING

• LEADING

• CONTROLLING

LEADERLEADER

• VISIONING

• DIRECTING

• INFLUENCING

• MOTIVATING

SWOT ANALYSISSWOT ANALYSIS

Strengths (S) Weaknesses (W)

- SO Strategies Use strengths to take advantage of opportunities

- WO Strategies Take advantage of opprtunities by Overcoming weaknesses Or making them relevant

- ST Strategies Use strengths to avoid threats

- WT Strategies minimize waeknesses and avoid threats

Opportunities (O)

Threats (T)

The Value ChainThe Value Chain

Firm infrastructure

Human resource management

Technology development

Procurement

Supportactivities

Primari activities

Inboundlogistics

Operations Outboundlogistics

Service