General Science

General ScienceTest Review-SLG, Classification of Matter, and Properties of MatterList the characteristics of a solid.

Definite volumeDefinite shapeCrystalline, orderly particle structureParticles held tightly in placeLeast amount of KE

When a sample of matter is heated, its particles _____________________.

Move more quickly

As the temperature of a gas increases, the volume of the gas will __________________ if the pressure remains the same.

increaseList the 3 parts of the kinetic theory.

All matter is composed of particlesThe particles are in constant random motionThe particles collide with each other and the walls of their containerList the characteristics of a liquid.

Definite volumeNo definite shapeMore KE than a solid, but less than a gasEnough KE to escape orderly arrangementCan flow

Why is water unusual?

Water expands as it goes from liquid to a solid (most other substances contract) due to its polarityCompare the speed of the particles in a solid compared to a gas.

Particles move much slower (vibrate in place)List the characteristics of a gas.

No definite volumeNo definite shapeMost KE

What happens to most matter when it is heated?

The particles gain KE and break attractions to neighboring particles; they take up more spaceList the characteristics of plasma.

Most similar to a gasNo definite shapeNo definite volumeComposed of positively and negatively charged particlesDefine heat of fusion. The amount of energy required to change a mass of a solid to a liquid at the melting pointWhat is absolute zero?Theoretical point where particle motion would ceaseDefine heat of vaporization.

The amount of energy required to change a liquid to a gas at the boiling pointDefine a colloid and give an example.A mixture with particles large enough to scatter a beam of light; milk or fogWhat happens when a log burns on a fire? Mass is conserved; though the ashes have much less mass than the log, matter or mass has not been lostWhat is another name for a homogeneous mixture?

solutionDefine a mixture. a material made up of two or more substances that can be easily separated by physical meansWhat is the Tyndall Effect?scattering of light by colloidal particlesDefine a suspension and give an example.heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle; pond waterWhat two categories is matter classified into?

Substances and mixturesWhat is distillation?process for separating substances in a mixture by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vaporWhat categories can substances be broken down into?Elements and compoundsClassify each of the following changes as Physical (P) or Chemical (C).

rusting nail ____C_____boiling water ____P______corroded penny__C______melted ice cream ____P______mixing salt & water ____P_____

Classify each of the following properties as Physical (P) or Chemical (C).

Shape ___P____Explosive ___C____Mass __P_____Freezing Point __P______

Combustible____C_____

Classify each of the following as Homogeneous (HO) or Heterogeneous (HE).

Chicken Noodle Soup__HE_______Chocolate Milk ___HO_______Cheerios __HO______Iced Tea __HO_____Cupcake with icing _HE____ Lucky Charms__HE____