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The Art of Critical
Thinking
Critical Thinking
CRITICAL THINKING is the active and systematic process of
• Communication • Problem-solving • Evaluation • Analysis • Synthesis • Reflection
both individually and in community to
• Foster understanding • Support sound decision-making and • Guide action
• CRITICAL THINKING is
an active and systematic process
Communication
• The art and technique of using words effectively to impart information or ideas.
– American Heritage Dictionary, 2005
– Articulation – The ability to tell others exactly what in an argument is good or bad
• Institute for Critical Thinking, Montclair State University
• The ability to address complex situations or questions that do not have one correct answer but must be figured out as well as possible
– Nosich, 2005
Problem-solving
• The ability to use criteria and standards to judge the quality and value of ideas, products, or procedures
– Carey, 2001
Evaluation
Analysis
• The ability to divide a concept or unit into smaller parts so the parts and the relationship among them is clear
– Carey, 2001
Synthesis
• The ability to combine and integrate separate elements according to their relationship … to organize, summarize, and explain information and make predictions
– Harris, 2001
Reflection
• The reflective mind seeks meaning, monitors what it thinks, and draws a clear distinction between its thinking and the thinking of its audience
– Elder & Paul, 2003
• in community
• individually
and
To• Support sound
decision-making
• Guide action
• Foster understanding