Functions of Cell Parts

The Cell and its PartsBoy! What a little cell can do!The Cell TheoryAll living things are composed of cellsCells are the basic units of structure and function in living thingsNew cells are produced from existing cells

Prokaryotes vs. EukaryotesProkaryotesHave cell membraneHave cytoplasmDNA is free floating in cytoplasmNO NUCLEUSBacteria!EukaryotesHave cell membraneHave cytoplasmDNA is containedIN NUCLEUSHave organellesSpecialized structures with specific functions

Cell Membrane: The Video Clip

Structural components of cellsCell WallFunction:Provides supportFound in:Plants and Fungi, ProkaryotesSurrounds cell membraneCell Membrane:Functions:Controls movement in and out of cellReceives signals from other cells (in multicellular orgs)Found in:All cellsCytoplasm:Function:Site of chemical reactionsContained by cell membraneFound in:All cells

Nucleus

Organelles found in EukaryotesNucleusFunction:Contains DNA (chromatin)Control center of cellSurrounded by Nuclear membraneNucleolus:Center of nucleusSite of ribosome synthesisFound in:All eukaryotic cells

Ribosomes: The Video Clip

Organelles found in EukaryotesRibosomesFunction:Site of protein synthesisLittle dotsFound in:All eukaryotic cellsEndoplasmic Reticulum (ER)Function:Assembly of cell parts and transportSmooth has no ribosomesRough has ribosomes on surfaceFound in:All eukaryotic cells

Organelles found in EukaryotesGolgi ApparatusFunction:Proteins are packaged and shipped hereFound in:All eukaryotic cells

Organelles found in EukaryotesMitochondriaFunction:Site of cellular respirationReleasing energy from foodPowerhouse of cellFound in:All eukaryotic cellsVacuoleFunction:Empty space used for storageMuch LARGER in plant cellsWHY?Need to store water and starchFound in:All eukaryotic cells

Ode to a Plant Cell: Cell Wall and Vacuole

Organelles specific to nutritionLysosomesFunction:Contain enzymes that break down thingsFound in:Heterotrophic cellsChloroplastFunction:Site of photosynthesisUses suns energy and water to make food!Found in:Plant cells, and some Protists

Chloroplast

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

Lets compare Animal and Plant cellsCell Membrane, Cytoplasm,Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, ER, GolgiLysosomesSmall VacuolesCentriolesCell WallChloroplastsLarge VacuoleLets compare unicellular to multicellular organisms!UnicellularNucleusCell Membrane

Lysosome

MulticellularNervous systemSkin; Respiratory;ExcretoryDigestive system