Date post: | 20-Dec-2015 |
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The Damage and Repair of DNA
The molecular basis of point mutations
1. Base substitution (mismatches)
transition
transversion
Two main types of DNA damage:
*point mutations
*structural changes
2. Tautomeric shift
3. Base analogs and chemical mutagens
Gene MutationThe molecular basis of point mutations
DNA DamageThe molecular basis of structural damage
1. Hydrolytic damage
N-glycosidic bond – very weak and easily broken
Deamination
Deamination
Depurination
DNA DamageThe molecular basis of structural damage
2. Alkylation
DNA DamageThe molecular basis of structural damage
3. Oxidation and Radiation
Repairing Damages Bases
1. Mismatch repair (MMR)
Dam methylase: MutS:
1. Mismatch repair (MMR)
Repairing Damages Bases
2. Photoreactivation
Repairing Damages Bases
3. Repair of alkylation
Repairing Damages Bases
4. Base excision repair (BER)
(BER)Repairing Damages Bases
4. Base excision repair (BER)
Repairing Damages Bases
5. Nucleotide excision repair (NER)
Repairing Damages Bases
DNA Repair
7. Double Strand Break Repair (DSB)
Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ)
Ku
XRCC4
DNA-PKcs
Artemis
Ligase
DNA Repair
8. Double Strand Break (DSB) repair (Homologous Recombination)
DNA Repair8. Double Strand Break (DSB) repair (Homologous Recombination)