The Effectiveness of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Programme and the Success Factors for Program Fidelity and Sustainability. André Baraldsnes
Advisor on bullying and implementation Regional center for children's and youths
psychological welfare, Bergen, Norway
Uni Research Health / RKBU West
The norwegian wood Which quality ?
Helse / RKBU Vest
The Olweus bullying prevention program
• Aims to prevent and reduce school bullying
• Multi level – whole school aproach
• Targets all grown ups and all children.
• Guidence by a trained instructor.
• A number of focused measures aimed to build a
safe school enviroment, stopp and reduce bullying
• Implementation period of 18th month.
• A follow up system with a posibility to be sertified
Olweus school
Uni Research Health / RKBU West
Short history of implementation of the OBPP in Norway.
• Dan´s research from 1970
• Mid-80, juvenile suicides
• 2001 Major national work against school bullying i
Norway
• Peek in 2004, (170), 2010 (7),2014 (23)
• 2001 - 2014 ; Approx. 500 schools into the OBPP
(20% of all primary and lower high schools)
Helse / RKBU Vest
The changing winds
• 2001 : A firm political
consensus to fight school
bullying with research
based school wide
programs.
• 2006: The issue had lost
its attention
• 2010: NIFU Report • «The quantitative analyses show that the overall
learning environment really matters in influencing levels
of bullying.”
• “Bullying is not a problem that can be solved by
adopting a specific program.”
Helse / RKBU Vest
Legge inn bilde I rund
ramme:
1. Høyreklikk > velg “endre
bilde…”
• 2010 – 2014 : Few schools chose a program
approach – many schools put away progr.
• Ministry of education provided funding to the work
with the general learning environment.
• 2014: National committee which evaluates all
aspects of the efforts to fight bullying – impact on
national policies and future funding.
•
Helse / RKBU Vest
How to handle headwind , 2014
• Quality – quality and quality
• Scaling down
- Measured implementation indicators
- Response from 360 schools - approx.200
confirmed a will to work actively.
- Approx. 75 of 200 are certified “Olweus schools”
working according the Quality Assurance System
- Following up , seminars, web resorces,
nettworking.
Helse / RKBU Vest
Maintenance of sustainability
• Focus on implementation science and knowledge.
• Overall work on our implementation strategy.
• Better matherial
• Better support systems
• Update the content of the program;
Digital bullying, parent and
community engagement.
Helse / RKBU Vest
Secure program fidelity
• System for Quality Assurance
• Standard for best practice
• Internal monitoring
• Deviation handling
• External audit.
• Certifying of schools with best practice.
Uni Research Health / RKBU West
Why do we focus on preventive work against bullying ?
• Mental health
Severe short and long time consequences as anxiety,
depression, school dropout, social isolation, psyciatric
illnesses and suicide.
• Economical reasons
Saving a single marginalized life: 12 mill.NOK
(Nilsson,Wadeskog 2008)
• A moral stand
Obligation to protect and secure the most wonrable amongst
us
Uni Research Health / RKBU West
The effects of working with a large scale, evidence based preventive program against bullying. Some results.
Uni Research Health / RKBU West
Number of schools that have implemented the OBPP in Lithuania : 282 schools
• 2008 – 2009 m. 29 schools implemented the program
(I round)
• 2009 – 2010 m. - 64 schools (II round),
• 2011 – 2012 m. - 122 schools (III round)
• 2013 – 2014 m. 67 schools (IV round)
• 2015 m. 77 schools (V round).
• We have 75 certified Olweus instructors, 3 senior
instructors.
• 69 schools have continued by using the OQAS.
• There are 50 „Olweus schools” in Lithuania.
Uni Research Health / RKBU West
Percent of students being bullied 2-3 times a month or more over the past couple of months
Percent of students bullying others 2-3 times a month or more over the past couple of months
Haugesund kommune - Haraldsvang skole
15
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Mobbeprosent 7,6 % 4,5 % 5,7 % 5,2 % 3,7 % 5,1 % 2,6 % 2,0 % 2,8 % 1,7 %
0,0 %
1,0 %
2,0 %
3,0 %
4,0 %
5,0 %
6,0 %
7,0 %
8,0 %
Pro
sen
t
Bullied students at Haraldsvang school 8-10 grade, 580 students
In 2014 : 3,1 % bullied students, In 2015 : 0,0% bullied students
28.09.2015 informasjon fra Haugesund kommune
16
Olweus servey, Haugesund municipality 2002 – 2015 14 schools, grade 4 -10, aprox 5500 students
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
7,9 7,9 8,1 7,9 7,4 5,9 6,5 5,6 4,1 3,9 3,7
0,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0
7,0
8,0
9,0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
15,0
10,3
14,0
9,2
13,2
8,7
12,9
9,2
13,1
7,0
12,2
9,8
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Oct2001
1 yearplus
May2002
1 yearplus
Oct2002
1 yearplus
May2003
1 yearplus
Oct2003
1 yearplus
May2004
1 yearplus
Axis
Tit
le
PERCENTAGE STUDENTS BEING BULLIED BEFORE (UPPER FIGURES) AND 8 MONTHS AFTER (LOWER FIGURES)
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OLWEUS BULLYING PROGRAM (OBPP). SIX COHORTS OF SCHOOLS (n> 300), GRADES 4-7 WITH
MODAL AGES 10-13
Cohort 1
Cohort 2
Cohort 3
Cohort 4
Cohort 5
Cohort 6
10,5
8,3
8,6 9,2
9,7 9,4
12,1
8,3
6,8
7,7 7,3 7,5
9,2 9,8 9,9 9,7
4,0
5,0
6,0
7,0
8,0
9,0
10,0
11,0
12,0
13,0
14,0
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
B-schools (withoutcontinued use)
A-schools (withcontinued use)
National average
(Olweus et al, 2014)
Olweus Survey National Pupil Survey
BEING BULLIED: LONGTERM DEVELOPMENT FOR SCHOOLS
THAT STARTED WITH OBPP IN 2002/2005(HERE COMBINED) AND
CONTINUED TO USE/DID NOT CONTINUE TO USE THE
PROGRAM IN THE FOLLOW-UP PERIOD (2007-2010) COMPARED
TO THE NATIONAL AVERAGE
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SOME CONCLUSIONS
Schools that continue to use the Olweus Survey and the OBPP, at
least to some extent (A-schools with continued use), have a much
better development with regard to being bullied 4 to 6 (up to 8) years
after implementation, compared with B-schools without continued
use.
The odds of being bullied for pupils in schools without continued use
are about 30 per cent higher than for pupils in schools with continued
use (OR= 1.31).
Based on the starting values in 2001-2005, pupils in Group A schools
with continued use have an average absolute reduction in the follow-
up period of five percentage points (12.5-7.1 per cent) and a relative
reduction of 41 per cent.
Instruksjoner:
Slett eksempelikoner,
og erstatt dem med fungerende
dokumentikoner på følgende måte:
• Lag dokument i Word
• Gå tilbake til PowerPoint
• Velg Objekt på Sett inn-menyen
• Velg Opprett fra fil
• Finn filnavnet i boksen Fil
• Kontroller at Vis som ikon er merket
av for
• Velg OK
• Velg ikon
• Velg Handlingsinnstillinger på
Lysbildefremvisning-menyen
• Velg Objekthandling og deretter
Rediger
• Velg OK
SOME CONCLUSIONS (CONT’D)
At follow-up, B-schools without continued use have almost
returned to their initial, higher levels of being bullied and are
then relatively close to the national average
The lower levels of being bullied in A-schools have been
maintained over the whole four-year follow-up period,
strongly suggesting that these schools have learned
something important and will therefore offer new cohorts of
students a more bullying-free school environment – a key
long term school level effect
one take-home message: in addition to getting considerable
short-term effects of the OBPP, schools can get important
long-term effects if they continue to use the program.
Meta-analysis Ttofi & Farrington (2009,2010)
• Metaanalysis of the total number
of evaluations of anti-bullying programs in the world with sufficient sientific quality; • 59 evaluations of 24 programs
• The largest and most systematic sientific analysis on this feeld that is published.
• The OBPP was the only program that had repetedly documented positive effects. • Five replikations – evaluating positive
results in new cohorts of more than 40 000 pupils
• The OBPP is suggested to be used as a model program for preventive work against bullying in school. • «Future interventions could be grounded
in the successful Olweus programme…»