The husbandry of marine or The husbandry of marine or saltwater organismssaltwater organisms

Mariculture

Major Species of Fish (KY)Major Species of Fish (KY)

• 11stst Catfish Catfish

• Prawn (Freshwater)Prawn (Freshwater)

• TroutTrout

• Large Mouth BassLarge Mouth Bass

• Hybrid Striped BassHybrid Striped Bass

• Paddlefish Paddlefish

• MuskyMusky

• BaitfishBaitfish

Minor Species (KY)Minor Species (KY)

• WalleyeWalleye

• Common CarpCommon Carp

• Yellow PerchYellow Perch

• TilapiaTilapia

• CrappieCrappie

• CrayfishCrayfish

• Hybrid BluegillHybrid Bluegill

External AnatomyExternal Anatomy

1.1. Lateral LineLateral Line – sensory organ that senses water currents, – sensory organ that senses water currents, pressure, and movement in the water pressure, and movement in the water

2.2. OperculumOperculum – a bony flap-like protective gill cover – a bony flap-like protective gill cover

3.3. ScalesScales – a plate-like protective covering of the skin – a plate-like protective covering of the skin

4.4. Caudal FinCaudal Fin – the tail fin of fish, provides thrust/movement – the tail fin of fish, provides thrust/movement

5.5. Pectoral FinPectoral Fin – the chest fins, provides maneuvering – the chest fins, provides maneuvering

6.6. Pelvic FinPelvic Fin – the hip fins, provides maneuvering – the hip fins, provides maneuvering

7.7. Dorsal FinDorsal Fin – the back fin, provides maneuvering – the back fin, provides maneuvering

8.8. Nostrils/ NaresNostrils/ Nares – opening of the nasal cavity, detects odors in water – opening of the nasal cavity, detects odors in water (feed/danger)(feed/danger)

9.9. VentVent – an external opening to the digestive and reproductive tract – an external opening to the digestive and reproductive tract

Internal AnatomyInternal Anatomy

1.1. Swim BladderSwim Bladder – (air bladder) an internal, inflatable gas bladder – (air bladder) an internal, inflatable gas bladder that that enables a fish to regulate its enables a fish to regulate its buoyancy buoyancy

2.2. GillsGills – an internal organ used in respiration and excretion – an internal organ used in respiration and excretion

3.3. LiverLiver – internal organ that breaks down fat, stores fat and – internal organ that breaks down fat, stores fat and carbohydrates, excretes waste, and maintains carbohydrates, excretes waste, and maintains proper blood proper blood

chemistrychemistry

4.4. GonadsGonads – the reproductive organs, testes or ovaries – the reproductive organs, testes or ovaries

Catfish Production

1. Catfish is the largest enterprise of all aquacultural products.

2. Today there are over 150,000 acres of catfish ponds in the United States.

3. They are raised in the southern part of the U.S. because they are warm-water fish.

4. Warm-water fish grow best in water temperatures around 85 degrees.

5. Mississippi leads the nation in catfish production.

Broodfish

•The production of catfish begins with the breeding process. (Selective Breeding)

•Brood fish range from 3 to 5 lbs.

•Brood ponds are used to keep fish that are used to breed and lay eggs.

Roe/Eggs

•The female catfish lays approximately 10,000 eggs.called “roe” at a time.

•Next, the male fertilizes the eggs by depositing sperm into the mass of eggs.

•Egg hatching occurs in 7 to 8 days.

Fry

•After eggs hatch, the small fish are called “fry”.

•Up to 1 inch length

•From birth to 4 to 8 months

Fingerlings

•Fry develop into fingerlings

• 4 to 8 months

•Fingerlings are 1 to 8 inches

Stockers

• Fingerlings develop into “stockers”

• Stockers are ¾ of a pound.

Foodfish

•Stockers develop into foodfish

•1 to 2 pounds

•Selected fish are then taken to market

Broodfish

•Choice foodfish males and females are kept for breeding purposes.

•These are known as broodfish

•Cycle begins again.