The Hydrosphere

Lecture 04

Water-rock interaction will come later

The isotope water cycle

Global Meteoric Water Line

Evaporation

Evaporation of small reservoir

Evaporation of finite reservoir

Evaporation of infinite reservoir

Evaporation slopes

Deuterium excess and relative humidity

Local Meteoric Water Lines

Rayleigh Distillation

IAEA GNIP Stations

Global Distribution

Bowen, G.J. and Wilkinson, B., 2002. Spatial distribution of delta O-18 in meteoric precipitation. Geology, 30(4): 315-318.

Temperature Effect

Continental effect

Continental effect

A real example

Altitude effect

Altitude effect

Altitude gradients

Amount effect

Source effect

Seasonal effect

Seasonal/Source effect at LAS

Isoscapes

Based on 1) Multiple regression

analysis of linear correlations to climate/physiographic parameters

Or…

2) Contouring/kriging (spatial interpolation).