oduction1 ness of todayo effects of must find wn so doing, s profit and ding to traditts believe thtwo compe
g both
d Babak Ebrahim
sed 3 December
dustrial Enginee
strial Engin
Septemb
htt
nship B
ooman Abd
of Industrial Edustrial Enginn University o
ABSTRACT
Owing to thengaging fomarket of tpresent stprofitabilityconsisting ofirms. Forduring2005order to undand profitabis employedobtained inbetween pmanufacturpositive im(profit) is st
y is difficuor growth, boccurs beThe relatioility has bissue in finaed in empiri11, 12, 13].
ed evidenceuntries, this oping's. In sothe data
g firms to between p
Vol. 27, No. 3
16)
nd Gro
echnology iversity
onomies, whfeatures oft and necehip betwe
anufacturingetween man
firms' annmple of they between fi
d Method ofegressions. Tbilateral re
he case onalysis find) on curreor's year..
27, No. 3,
ult, managebut not bothetween gronship betwebeen a strance due to ical findings While prev
e from advpaper inves
o doing, the of Irani
fathom wprofit and
owth in
hich seems f financial
essary. The een firm's g industry nufacturing nual data
e paper. In firm growth f Moments) The results elationship of Iranian ds that the ent growth
All Rights
ers opt for h. Thus, an owth and een growth riking and inconsistent [2, 3, 4, 5,
ious studies vanced and stigates data
researchers ian listed
whether the growth is
210 S. B.
contingent Developingpositions sfinancial companies towards demore profitof the devgrowth leveto investorsThe proposother is sugstill seemswhose finaenough, boconsidered for expanscontrol thinvestment growth to profit or gthese veryFurthermorbenchmarkhas becomfor businesinterplay empirical aIn this contthe relationin other wanswers forcorollary oprofitabilityTherefore, Iranian list2005-2014annually fvariables, financial legrowth andGMM [16]the literatuinvestigateamongst Ivariables asThe paper pthe literatuthe regresspresented. empirical r
Theories, (FMAs) experience
. Ebrahimi*,
Internationa
upon g economiessince the comarkets ha
and inveseveloping ftability and
veloping marels that deves [14]. sition that groggested by sos equivocal. ancial markeoth profit aas two imp
sion as the he situationt decisions [1
be achievegrowth sincey two objere, developin
k of firms' se one of the
ss managers between p
analysis detertext, the resenship betwee
words, the aimr these very of growth? y and rethis paper
ted manufact. Profit and for this persuch as fireverage, ared profit regr]. This pape
ure because s the pr
Iranian firms well. proceeds as
ure germane sion model a
This is foresults. Sectio
2. Literatsuch as F[17], netw
effects [19
H. Abdollahi
al Journal of Ind
economic s are acquiomplexities oave caused stors havingfinancial magrowth. Therkets is in t
eloped marke
owth and proome related In developi
ets are not wand retainedportant sourc
firms mustn to make15]. In ordered, firms eite it is difficctives concng growth hsuccess, ande most comm[11]. Therefo
profit and rmines its dir
earchers try toen growth anm of this stuquestions: Is
Or firms einvesting uses a paneturing firms growth rates
riod, and serm's size, dee consideredressions by er provides cthis is the frofit-growth
ms while us
follows. Secto our study
and estimatioollowed in on 5 conclud
ture ReviewFirst Mover
work extern9], and sca
i, A.Farmani
dustrial Enginee
developmenring engagiof the prese
internationg a tendenarkets to eae attractivenethe profit a
ets do not off
ofit affect eatheories, buting economiwell-developd earnings aces of finant permanente appropriar for profitabther focus
cult to achiecurrently [12has been a kd sales growmon objectivfore, there is
growth threction. o shed light
nd profitabilitudy is to ses profitabilitygrow due the profit
el data on over the sp
s are observeveral contrebt ratio, a. We estimausing system
contribution first study th
relationshes controlli
ction 2 reviewy. In section on method asection 4 b
20], suggest tr establishinia lowering ceveral, but onducted indvanced couennett [21] rowth and pelationships rms althoughtatistically sihe presence orowth rate an
with antecedehat profit-grritish firms.
mpact on coarger in Frenositive and rowth. Inve
manufacturinghat the correlrm growth iowever, Coapositive imp
elationship Yukhanaev [2etween pasrowth rate. ave demonsowards profieneration slo29]. Besides,ontended thaituation to omparison w
However, a elationship iome studiesrowth and
Gschwandtnertatistically sirowth and prikewise, Botot a remarkend and proynamic panehat growth an
On the othemonstrated rofitability eneration slo29]. A studyhat profit-foceach profitabomparison
hip Between P
eptember 2016, V
that profitabg a strongercosts.
not manyn empirical untries. For
observed aprofitability-in small andh only the grignificant. Cof a positivend profit groent studies Crowth relatio
Coad [7] reonsequent finnch firms, wh
statisticallyestigating ag firms, Bottlation betweeis positive, bad et al. [25] pact on profis not ap
26] reported t profitabiliOn the oth
strated that itability [27,ows down b, a study byat profit-focu
reach pwith growth-f
consistent is not founds report no
profitabilityr [30] argueignificant relrofitability inttazi et al. [2kable relatioofitability. Fel model, Shnd profitabiliher hand, that growth[27, 28, 3
ows down bby Davidss
cused firms able growth
with
Profitability an
Vol. 27, No. 3
bility arises fr market pos
y, studies realm specinstance, R
a positive p-number of d medium-sirowth case is
Cox et al. [22e relation beowth rate. In Cowling [23onship is deported that nancial perfhilst profitab
y significanta sample azzi et al. [2en profitabilibut scarcely showed that
fitability, bupproved. Pe
a positive ity and fir
her hand, sogrowth doe, 28] and f
because of swy Davidssonused firms aprofitable gfocused-firm
positive grd in empiric relation by [27]; foed that therlationship ben American 24] proved t
onship betweurthermore,
hehzad et al. ity are indepe
some stuh does not le32] and firecause of raon et al. [10
are in better cin the futugrowth-foc
nd Growth …
from growth sition either
have been cifically in
Robson and profitability-
employee's ized British s considered 2] indicated
etween sales conformity
3] indicates dynamic in the growth
formance is bility is of a t effect on
of Italian 4] observed ity ratio and significant;
t growth has ut reciprocal erényi and relationship rm current ome studies es not lead firm's profit wift growth
n et al. [10] are in better growth in s. rowth-profit cal studies. etween the r instance, re is not a etween firm companies.
that there is een growth by using a [31] found
endent. udies have ead towards rm's profit apid growth 0] suggested condition to ure that in cused-firms.
…
The Inter –R
Markman arelationshipgrowth as negative iprofitabilityAlso, Jangthe dynamigrowth. Thinfluences positively. growth rateyear’s prorestaurant growth haDelmar et relationshipused dynamfixed effecrelationshipKorea, annegatively,Federico amanufactur2010, and growth is nthe profit-investmentprofits dispinvestment to higher generalizedKim [37] managemenInsert TablTable 1 prthe most sethe empiricfindings. Aempirical athe directifirms of difwith the objective in
and Gartner p via sales indicators ofinterplay bey.
g and Park [ic relationshhey found ththe growth Although, th
es have a negfit, their finindustry, p
as a detrimal. [33] recops between gmic panel dacts and GMMp between gd found th, but growthand Capelleraring firms ddeclared th
not significa-growth relat. Firm's conplay positivet spike and ir growth. d method of found thnt strategy lie 1 resents the reminal empical results coAs seen aboapproaches aion of proffferent finanliterature, t
n Iranian man
earch Methearchers havedels together iency in finaf this study,p between gystem GMMsearch methore presented.rch Methodpanel data ehere unobse
Between Prof
al Journal of Ind
[27] studiedas well as
f firm growtetween firm
[12] provideip between phat the prior
rate of thehe current angative effect ndings evincprofit begetsmental impaognized positgrowth and pata regressionM methods tgrowth and phat profit ah affects proas [35] examduring the
hat the effecant. Yu et alationship is ntemporaneoue and signifinvestment aBased on moments M
hat a profiimits firm's g
results and dirical studiesonsist of a move, both thare paradoxifit-growth rncial marketsthis paper nufacturing
hodology ane compared in order to
ncial market, trying to growth and p
M [16] is empodology, mo.
dology estimation b
ervable facto
fitability and
dustrial Enginee
d profit-grows employmeth and found
m growth a
d evidence profit and firr year’s proe current yend prior yearon the curre
ce that in ts growth, bact on proftively bilater
profit. Lee [3ns by applyito evaluate tprofitability affects growofit positivelmined Spaniperiod 199
ct of profit l. [36] show
mediated vus and laggicant effect
activity leadithe syste
Model, Yoo aitability-drivgrowth.
denouement s, showing th
motely group heoretical aical in findirelationship s. To be in li
explores thfirms.
nd Modeldifferent timdetermine t
ts [38]. For tfigure out tprofitability,ployed. In thodel, data, a
he dependentlso some eelated to thariable [39]. rowth on prond [16] su
model emplotudy; by the
GMM estimatGMM (sys-Gstimation of ifferences (wnd in levelsnstruments). onsistent apaking the res
when heterosxist [40]. Hstimations ofownward bia
A weakness many instrumiverse methoumber. Usinvailable lagshe first methompound insets. A dynamechniques toeasons to jus
GMM panelstimation igstimation biaynamics im
misspecified agged depend43]. Secondlariable withegression moynamic panehe static mod-2. Model o depict the rowth and quations are
,
1,2, … , .1,2, … , .,
; 11,2, … , .
himi*, H. Abd
eptember 2016, V
t and the expxplanatory
he past valuThis is the
rofit, and viuggested th
oyed in thee way, the tor was alsoGMM) deritwo simultan
with lagged s (with lagg
The two-sppraisal of siduals fromscedasticity
However, thef the standarased. of GMM e
ment problemods to less
ng only certas for instrumhod. The sestruments bymic way is together [41stify the prefl model. gnores dynas [42, 43]. Tmplies thatas passing
dent variablely, the corrh the erroodel can be sel data modedels.
specificatioprofit m
specified:
,
,1,2, … , .
ollahi, A.Far
Vol. 27, No. 3
planatory vavariables arues of the matter in regice versa. B
he dynamic e equations
developed o recognized ived from neous equati
levels as iged first diftep sys-GMthe weight
m the one-stand serial
e two-step Grd errors that
stimations mms, althoughen instrumeain lags, rathments (limiteecond, collap adding themto benefit fro1]. There aference of dy
Firstly, stnamics and The meaningt such m
over the e on dependerelation of ior term ocsolved easierels in comp
n of the dynmodels, the
,
,
211rmani
ariables, and re strongly
dependent gressions of lundell and panel data of present version of
d as system-a system's
ions: in first instruments) fferences as
MM uses a ting matrixep estimate correlation
GMM runs t tend to be
may be too h there are ent variable her than all ed lags), is psing, is to m to smaller om the two are several ynamic sys-tatic panel
leads to g of omitted models are
impacts of ent variable independent ccurring in r by dint of
parison with
namic panel following
;
1
,
2
212 S. B.
,
1,2, … ,1,2, … ,,
; 1,2, … ,
Where i repindicates thand indare randomrelated confinancial coefficientsestimated exogenous 3-3. Data aThe data aannual finafirms listeperiod 200believed tois used as growth is awould desgiving a mengenderedtheir comptable 2. Insert TablDescriptivevariables athe results profit rateTehran Stohigh growtaverage sirelatively laInsert Tabl
Before mostep, we urepresentatbetween gror betweenrate. In taplots, are dInsert TablThe first rand prior yTable 2 repgrowth rateprofit rate i
. Ebrahimi*,
Internationa
,..
,1,2, … , .
.
presents the he time spandicate firm-spm error termntrol variableverage as of these in the reginstrumenta
and Variablare extractedancial statemd in Tehran
04-2010. In o be closely
a measure an obvious psignate a fimore accuratd by the firputational m
e 2 e statistics are presented
show that ge for manuock Market. Ith rate, but ize indicatearge. e 3
4. Empirodel estimatiuse scatter ption of the rowth rate an profit rateable 4, thesedisplayed. e 4 ow of Tableyear's profitpresents PRes. It is obvioin times t an
H. Abdollahi
al Journal of Ind
,
,
firms (i = 1n (t = 2004 ,pecific effecs. To constiles, size, de
are considercontrol varigressions, ol variables. les d from balanments of 72 n Stock Mathis paper,
related to thof firm grow
prospect for rm’s profitate image of rm. Model's methods are
of the maind in table 3growth rate ifacturing fiIt means thesprofit rate i
es that the
rical Resultion and as plots to pro
underlyingand prior yeae and prior e relationshi
e 4 displayst rate. The s
R(t), PR(t-1), anous, based on
nd t-1, the cu
i, A.Farmani
dustrial Enginee
;
3
, …, 72) and,…, 2010). cts; and tute additionebt ratio, ared, but tiables are nonly used
nce sheets amanufacturi
arket over tsales growt
he profitabilitwth. Net sala variable thability due the real salvariables apresented
n and contr. Accordinglis greater thrms listedse firms haveis slower. Tese firms a
ts a prelimina
ovide a visug relationshiar’s profit rayear’s growips, as scatt
2), Eq (3), aGMM estimatables 5 and tansert Table 5
According to statistically
rowth and elationship end the growq (1) denourrent profitmpact of the1.2) is morerowth (0.5)ignificant. It o high level egression eariable is inontrol the enorrelation of erm. Using thnd regressinurrent profitositive effecrofit impact
meaning that s well as maf Katouzian rowth does hn the currenignificant (t-rms of Tehra
hat high profigher growthargan test utocorrelatioerformed tonstruments vf findings. he results of
4), are preseesult of Eq (3nd significanrofit. Besideurrent profitegressions enositive coeffrofit and gr
hip Between P
eptember 2016, V
rates have pave a cloud ut GR(t) and
ve correlationthat whetheetween varians of effects
directions of and (4) are etors, and the able 6. results prese
y significantprofit. L
exists betweth of prior y
otes that grot bolsters the current pr apparent th; however, means highof growth
quations, thncluded into ndogeneity prf independenthe lagged pr
ng Eq (2), t and prior t on firms' gis not sign
Iranian maraking an allu[44]. On thehave a fairlynt growth (-value, 16.39an Stock Marfits of a partih rates nex
and the n of the re
o assess movalidity, and
f the profit reented in Tab3), prior yearnt (t-value, 3s, the current positively ngender statificient estimrowth terms
Profitability an
Vol. 27, No. 3
positive corrshape and imGR(t-1) that a
n. Clearly, ther or not ables but no will be give
f causalities, estimated by
results are p
ented in Tablt relationshiLikewise, aeen the presyear. The reowth persis
he current grofit on currhan that of
both are h profitability
for firms. Ihe lagged the model
roblem or bet variable wirofit added toit is reveale
year's profgrowth, but nificant (t-varket is intensusion to pick other hand,
y strong posi(0.54) and 9) for the mrket. The resicular year t
xt year. Motest for se
esiduals, ARodel specifiapprove the
egression, Eqble 6. Accorr's profit is o3.53) impactnt growth inf
and signifiistically sign
mates of the . That is to
nd Growth …
relation. All mplicate no almost have hese scatter there is a information
en by them. Eq (1), Eq
y using sys-presented in
le 5, there is ip between a positive sent growth egression of sts and the growth. The rent growth prior year's statistically
y gives rise In dynamic
dependent in order to
etter still the ith the error o the model ed that the fits have a prior year's alue, 0.57), sely volatile kaxe society
prior year's itive impact statistically
manufactory sults convey end to have
oreover, the econd-order
R (2), were ication and e robustness
q (3) and Eq rding to the of a positive t on current fluences the icantly. All nificant and prior year's
o say, high
…
The Inter –R
growth leaof Eq (4) cvery little aprofit, the obvious thaComparingthat of groStock Markof the currvice versaeffect. It mdevelopingfactors. Furlagged gropositively, furthermorerelationshipgrowth. Insert Tabl
This study firm's promanufacturStock Mcovering 2direction oand profitamethods agrowth regThe empirrelationshipcurrent propositive rewith currenrelationshipcurrent proregressionsprofit positprofit is creported bfinancial mIndustrial relationshipThe preserelationshipthat as it min the datasufficient ethe all Iranusing LADthe robustnthis study explore theon the relat
Relationship B
Internationa
ds to high pconveys thatand insignifiimpact of th
an the prior'sg the regressowth, for maket, the authrent profit o, is much s
may happen g economy arthermore, th
owth affects but it is no
e, there is ap between la
e 6
5. Coinvestigates
ofitability aring industrarket liste2005-2014. of the causalability, Dynaare employeressions. rical analysip between ofit; what is elationship bnt growth ratp between pofit exists. Ths show thattively. The pconsistent wby other remarket and c
Organizatiop. ent study fip between gr
may, limitatioaset used in enough to genian manufa
D regression ness of the reindicate a ne
e moderatingtionship betw
Between Prof
al Journal of Ind
profits. Althot prior year'sicant impact he current gs. sion result
anufactory firhors fathom tn the currenstronger thadue to the
affected by he results de
the currentot statistical
a relatively sagged profit a
nclusion s the relationand growthry consistind manufacIn order to
lity between amic Panel Dd to estima
is corroborathe currentmore, findi
between priote and also a
prior year's ghe findings ft firm growpositive effecwith the findesearchers fcontradicts tn suggestin
finds a bilarowth and prons of this cthis analysis
eneralize theacturing sect
could be uesults. Also, eed for furth
g role of diffween profit a
fitability and
dustrial Enginee
ough the resus growth hason the curre
growth is mo
of profit wirms of Tehrthat the impant growth, aan prior yea
volatility ofenvironment
emonstrate tht year's prolly significanstrong positiand the curre
nships betweh in Iraning of Tehrcturing firmo fathom tfirm's grow
Data estimatiate profit a
ates the diret growth aings indicateor year's pro
positive integrowth and tfrom the pro
wth affects tct of growth dings recentfrom differethe theories ng a negati
ateral positirofitability. Bontext may s which is nse results ovtor. Moreovseful to chethe findings
st importantnies face it.rials in somortion of a pf a suitable(Ghodsypoura set of met
suppliers, mres. Therefo
ammad Mahdi P
evised 8 October
dustrial Enginee
strial Engin
Septemb
htt
for Or
*, Zahra H
ent of Industrindustrial EngiEngineering, M
ABSTRACT
Due to incrmany compproducts tomaking techamong thestructure foanalytic hiequantitativechain is apsuppliers foFinally, regmaterial amathematicare to minimfrom desirawhich are nreal case sexpressed.
pplier selectit issues th. The cost me industriproduct's fin
e supplier cr and O’Briethods which manufactureore, necessa
Paydar
r 2016; accepted
ering & Producti
eering & Pr
ber 2016, Volumpp. 219-2
tp://IJIEPR.
der Allo
Hassanzade
ial Engineerinineering, Maz
Mazandaran U
T
reased comppanies are to the markehniques to
e existing or selecting erarchy proe and qualipplied. Thor each rawgarding theand resou
cal model, omize the toable supplienot providestudy of Fo
UST Publica
on hat of
ies nal can en,
is rs,
ary
22
prpldethnegoofcofostenfawmem
ion Research, Se
roduction Re
me 27, Numbe231
.iust.ac.ir/
ocation
eh, Ali Ta
ng, Babol Univzandaran UnivUniversity of S
petition in trying to lowet. In this pa
evaluate ansuppliers asuppliers o
ocess to obitative criteen, a fuzzy
w material ae weight ofurce consoptimum ordtal cost, maers, and m
ed. The propood Compan
ation, IJIEP
roducts will lace with selivered to the total cost eeds in higovernmental f people abompanies caor maintainintaying in thnvironmentalact that the e
with industrimanagement amerging co
eptember 2016, V
esearch (201
er 3
to Supp
ajdin
versity of Techversity of ScieScience and Te
the servicewer price aaper, the mnd select thare applieof raw matebtain the reeria relatedy TOPSIS
according tof suppliers traints byder is deteraximize the
minimize rawposed methny, and the
PR. Vol. 2
be producedspecified quthe customerof the chaingh-quality slegislation a
bout protecannot ignoreng their comhe globalizal concerns environmentaial developmactivities is ioncept of
Vol. 27, No. 3
16)
pliers in
hnology ence and Techechnology
es and manuand offer gomulti-criteriahe best supd. First, hierials is useelative imp
d to the gretechnique r
o the relevaand dema
y a multrmined. The
amount of w material
hod is perfoe relevant r
27, No. 3,
d in a certaiuantities anrs in order tn and satisfy service. Acand increasedcting the ene environme
mpetitive advation trend. means consal pollution ment in suimportant, le
green sup
n Green
nology
ufacturing, ood quality a decision-pplier from ierarchical ed, and the portance of een supply ranked the nt criteria. nd of raw ti-objective
e objectives f purchases ls required ormed in a results are
All Rights
in time and nd will be to minimize
the buyer's ccording to d awareness nvironment, ental issues vantage and
Increasing sidering the issue along
upply chain ading to the
pply chain
f
2220
220 M. M
managemendefined g“considerinchain manselection process, dcustomer consumptioSupplier seactivities thgood qualsupply chaorganizatiomanagemenproducts toperformancchain manchain mrequiremenselection processes othe customconsidered maximizingand its souentire suppincludes thproductionand servicea reviewedreview theselection inAn approreducing oand producmarket, and(Abdollahi evaluation making (Mqualitative time, the sais broken supplier shselected soto Weber two cases oselection. Since the introduced issue coincprogrammirelevant to(Aissaoui ea study to supplier’s specified 2
M. Paydar1, Z.
Internationa
nt (Hsu angreen suppng environmagement incand materi
delivery of and prod
on and expelection is ohat its resultslity, organizain (Chen etons shouldnt to all ofo ensure thece of the sunagement is management nts in all steand materi
of distributiomer. In additio
as recoveryg efficiencyurce for imprply chain. Inhe processes, logistics me (Junior et ad paper (Ge previous rn a green supopriate suppperating cos
ct quality, imd satisfying
et al, 2015are an issue
MCDM) infactors suc
atisfaction leinto two r
hould be seleources shouldand Currentof decision-m
1950s, supinto scientif
ciding with ing and befoo supply chaet al. 2007). identify and
evaluation23 criteria th
Hassanzadeh
al Journal of Ind
nd Hu 2009ply chain mental issuecluding prodals sourcingthe final p
duct managpiration of ione of the ms represent azation perfot al. 2006). d apply f the life ce improving upply chain.
an integrawith
eps of prodials supply
on and transfon, after con
y managemeny of energyroving perfon fact, green of raw mamanagemental. 2014). Yo
Govandin et researchers apply chain. plier selectists, increasin
mproving comcustomer's d
5). Supplier e of multi-cricluding qua
ch as total evel of the curelated issueected? 2- Hod be purchast's statement making are c
plier selectific literaturethe emerge
ore propounain in the bDickson (19
d prioritize c. The ob
hat were ofte
h2, A. Tajdin
dustrial Enginee
9). Srivastaas follow
es in suppduct designing, productiroduct to tgement aftits shelf-life
most importaa big picture formance, aTherefore, tenvironmentycles of theenvironmentGreen supp
tor of suppenvironment
duct designiny, productiofer, delivery nsumption, itnt of reuse f
y consumptiormance of tn supply chaaterials supplt, distributioou can refer
y the firms aas quality, dlities, manufof the studconsidered
lti-criteria isstitative and sity of usingria is discoture of suparchy processwhich has f criteria ancomparison
by many reseet al. 1997.
Green Supply chain ma
suppliers l performaner for suppnsidered as king for puresearchers hdicators of environmentto design a
kis (1998) the environmplanning for fe cycle anl quality manrtificate rela
O 14000. HDelphi methf environmenased on AHc network prrategic decismanagemen
w criteria for ubstances m
asing, green pability of bstances, maegal-complial managemeity, technolol managemefor green s
dustry. Bai aand rough s
into supenvironmentlution prev
allocation to
Vol. 27, No. 3
and the mosdelivery timfacturing cadies conduct
the suppliesue and havequalitative
g multi-criterovered. Duepplier selecs (AHP) tec
determined suppliers s. This tecearchers up t
lier Selectioanagement
to imprnce and proly chain man importanrchase (Kanhave done stgreen suppltal criteria. Na green sup
categorizedment into the environm
nalysis, comnagement, g
ated to the eandfield et od in orderntal experts
HP. Sarkis (rocess) to desion framewont. Hsu and
supplier selmanagement
materials cgreen design
anagement oance compeent system. ogy, polluti
ent, green prupplier selec
and Sarkis (set method tpplier seletal criteria avention, env
suppliers in …
st important me, producer apacity, and ted in this er selection e focused on
criteria, so ria decision-e to multi-ction issue, chnique was ed weight score based hnique has to now, like
on focuses on
rove their oviding this management, nt factor in nnan et al. tudies about liers to get Noci (1997) pplier rating d business five major ment (green mprehensive reen supply
environment al. (2002)
r to collect in different
(2003) used evelop a six ork in green
Hu (2009) lection with
including coding and n, a list of f hazardous
etency, and Lee (2009) on control,
roducts, and ction in the (2010) used to integrate
ection and as pollution vironmental
…
DDeveloping a m
managemenpollution proposed evaluate esupplier sematerials, environmenenvironmenmanagemendeveloped for green pobjectives, green scoreof renewalchain manaevaluation Govindan criteria appsupplier anconsumablecompatibilienvironmenenvironmendeveloped considers developmebelieved thselection isorganizatiosustainabilicomplexitywell to imsupply chavariable. customers compatible(Gandhi etliterature, focus on t2015 and ignored sothe supplierIn the passome procNow, duapproach, imaterials, dformation circulation and environchain incluproductionservices, Importancemanagemenhazardous
method for or
Internationa
nt system, rproduction. a fuzzy m
environmentaelection whic
environmenntal costntal mannt process. two multi-obpartner selece.g., cost, t
e evaluation.l products, gagement, pocriteria of enet al. (2013)
proach for mnd considere resource ity with ntal manntal criteria.
an optimthe supp
nt, and ihat decisions difficult in
on. Becausity issue in
y in decision mprove the ain. Also, sus
In the dedo not wa
e products t al. 2016). there is a wthe green sKannan et cial dimensir selection.
st, the life ccesses from ue to envit includes pdesign, prodof a closfor reducin
nmental harmudes processe, logistics m
and recye and advantant do not and poisono
rder allocatio
al Journal of Ind
resource conAwasthi e
multi-criteria al performanch applied a
ntal effects, ts, green
nagement Yeh and C
bjective genection which time, produc They offere
green design,llution treatmnvironmenta) proposed aeasuring sus
ring pollutioand availa
environnagement Trapp and mization mlier selectiits sustaina
n-making forn the supplyse the inn the chain
making, it stotal perfor
stainability ceveloping cant to pay
with the According twide range upplier seleal. 2015).
ion in decis
cycle of prodesign to
vironmental processes of duction, recysed ring frng resourcemful effects.es of raw mamanagement
ycle (Strivages of green
limit the ous substance
on to suppliers
dustrial Enginee
nsumption, aet a1. (201
approach nce for greavailable cle
green imagn produc
and greChuang (201etic algorithmincluded fo
ct quality, aed green ima, green suppment cost, a
al performanca fuzzy multainability of
on productioable resourcnment, a
system Sarkis (201
model whiion, suppliability. Thr the suppliy chain of tntegration
causes moshould be dormance of tcriteria may countries, tmore for t
environmeto the relevaof work wi
ection (AkmAknan (201ion-making
oduct includconsumptiomanageme
preparing raycle, reuse arom materiae consumpti. Green suppaterials supplt, distributiovasta, 2007n supply cha
decrease e consumpti
s in …
ering & Producti
nd 10)
to een ean ge, cts, een 11) ms our nd
age ply nd ce. lti-f a on, ce, nd as
16) ich ier
hey ier the of
ore one the be
the the ent ant ith
man 15)
of
ded on. ent aw nd als on
ply ly, on, 7). ain of on
orgrfocadoapchfo
Inva-en-en-en-en- O-Uwpo- R-qu
AhaflthpeevgialprshAsutempreareAa
M. M. Pay
ion Research, Se
r decrease oreen supply or all parts oan spread omains. Copproach andhain manageollows:
here are a erformance valuate the iving flexibil. 2015). In throposed for hows the fram
At first, AHPupplier selecechnique is
materials. Arogramming ach raw megarding de
According to few papers
dar1, Z. Hass
eptember 2016, V
of harmful pchain mana
of an organion all tan
ompanies sd compatibilement becau
urce sustainareduction iency nment of compatibility withreduction ng brand rep
nd rance staff ls pers, evaluaas follows: of compatib
n of harmf
in comp
in com
n of processeof clean tenergy consu
als recycling of princip
gement
oposed Intthe Spieglemany liter
supply chainfew mod
of supply impact of
ility in the shis article, angreen supplimework of thP is used forction criteria
used to rAfter, a
(MOLP) momaterial to temand and the relevant
s which hav
sanzadeh2, A.
Vol. 27, No. 3
pollutants. Pragement can ization and tngible and should acclity with gruse of ten
ability
mpetitive advh rules
putation
ated green
ble raw mat
ful raw ma
patible crit
mpatible de
es for waste rechnologies umption an
in productioples of com
egrated Aper et a1. (2rature revie
n since recendels which
chain fledifferent str
supply chainn integrated ier evaluatiohe proposed r measuring
a. Then, fuzzrank suppliemulti-objectodel, order athe supplier
resource literature, th
ve been dev
22. Tajdin
rinciples of be utilized
their effects intangible
cept green reen supply
reasons as
vantage
production
terials with
aterials for
teria with
esign with
reduction for saving
nd reducing
on stage mprehensive
pproach 2012), there ews about
nt years, but show the
exibility or rategies for n (Torabi et approach is
on. Figure 1 method. weights of
zy TOPSIS ers of raw ive linear
allocation of rs is done constraints.
here are just veloped and
21
2222
222 M. M
have mixeeconomic resource a
3-1. AnalyMulti-criterevaluate dicriteria whimportant athat all the from themMCDM tecevaluate qsimultaneodecision teby Tomas Dweiri etforecastingsupply chafrom multiin many inof the strongenerate subjective applicable terms of vcomparisontwo hierarcThe main delivery, literature rebased on tof AHP in 1-making comparisoncompatibilifamous medetails, refdomain. 3-2. FuzzyIn the reinformationof the optioin the evreflecting u
Creating hierarchy
for supplier selection problem
M. Paydar1, Z.
Internationa
ed some mesupplier sellocation me
ytic Hierarria decisionifferent optioich do not haadvantage ovcriteria shou
. An importachniques is qualitative usly. One
echniques is Al-Saati (
t al. (2016g model for pain. This moi-criteria dec
hierarchy; n; 3- calculaity. This meethods of defer to the re
y Set Theoreal world, n involves evons. Thereforvaluation ounreliability
Determinig criteria
weights busing AH
method
Hassanzadeh
al Journal of Ind
ethods amonlection criteethods for m
rchy Procesn-making teons with regave the samever the tradituld turn intoant advantagthat they caand qualitof the m
AHP that w1980) for t
6) proposedproduction podel is basedcision makind easy life apes of the AH
priority . This meing supplierors based onhe problem i
criteria ande price, qu
ere identifiee criteria havopinions. Im
aking include2- doin
ation of weigethod is oneecision makielevant sourc
ry ambiguous
valuation andre, fuzzy set
of different and ambigu
ina by HP
Rankinsupplieby usin
fuzzyTOPS
techniq
Fig. 1. T
h2, A. Tajdin
dustrial Enginee
ng green aeria regardimulti-objecti
ss echniques cgard to varioe units. It is tional metho
o the same unge of the othan analyze antative critermost efficiewere proposthe first timd ranking planning in td on the AHng. It is usefpplication. OP is that it cthrough tthod is ve
r’s weights n the pairwiis divided ind sub-criteriuality, on-timed based ve been rankmplementaties four phaseng pair-wights; 4- systee of the moing. For moces about th
he feeling anDM). Fuzzy 1965) and usnadequate anifferent crit
making. Koumrogramming endor selectost, total reuyer's demanation flexibiludget allocaddition, Am
model for supmbiguous inhe weight onding diffapacities. Ontegration objective lincertainty illocation. Crprocess to h
ompany’s crf each projeo find a monsidered aOPSIS for ompany. Usil. (2009) pron the samroblem. Theelection critormulated a nteger numbrder allocatiobout fuzzy roblem, refMoghaddam 011, Ozkok nd Guneri 20
or goals mulation
Cog cde
andco
oposed metho
hod for order
eptember 2016, V
ction proble
nd understanset theory wed to formulnd inexact teria in themar et al. (20
method to tion problemejected cost,nd constraintlity, value ofation to the
mid et al. (2pplier select
nput parametof quantitatiferent sourOzgen et of fuzzy seinear progn supplier
rispim and Shelp the deciriteria and toect. They conmulti-objectivas a good ranking virting previousoposed a rea
mple for soey resolvedteria by fu
programmiber regardinon simultane
set theory fer to th2015, Juni
and Tiryaki,011).
onsiderincapacity, emand, d quality onstraint
Ab
od
allocation to
Vol. 27, No. 3
em in gree
nding of decwas developelate some proinformation
e real-world006) used an solve a mul
m by minim, delivery dt, sellers capf items purc
e individual 2006) utilizetion problemters in determive and quarces and al. (2008)
et theory gramming
evaluation Souza (2009)ision-makerso reach goalsntinued theirve function
approximatual alternats similar casasoning approlving sellerd ambiguityfuzzy set ting model ong seller seleously. For m
in suppliee followinor 2014, A, 2011; Wu 2
Order Allocation
y MOLP
suppliers in …
en supplier
ision-maker ed by Zadeh oblems with
related to d decision-ideal fuzzy
lti-objective mizing total delay time,
pacity, seller chasing, and
sellers. In ed a fuzzy
m to resolve mination of alitative by
constraint proposed and multi-to model and order
) developed s to identify s and needs r procedure
n which is ation from ives of the ses, Faez et roach based r selection
y of some theory and of complex lection and more details er selection ng studies: Amid et al., 2010, Yucel
…
DDeveloping a m
3-3. TheRanking STOPSIS issolving MCHwang andescribed ta simple procedure, rationale ounlimited performancbetween opcomparisonare avoided2007; Govmethod finat the samethe ideal closest to obtained. follows (H2006): Step 1: Th
R can be
r~ij mR~
c j
aijr~ij
Max*jc
c j
aijr~ij
Minja
where B acriteria, resStep 2: Rcriteria, wobtained bcriterion imatrix:
v~ij mV
w~.r~ijv~ij
where w j~
c j.
method for or
Internationa
e Fuzzy TSuppliers s one of thCDM problend Yoon (1this method i
computatiand a soun
of human chrange of
ce. There ptions in thisns required bd (Shih et alvindan et
nds the distae time by defsolution. Fithe PIS anSteps of T
Hwang and
he normaliz
e obtained as
nm
c j
cij,
c j
bij,
j ,
ijcxi , Bj
c j
cij,
c j
bij,
j ,
ijani , Cj
and C are thspectively. Regarding tweighted fuby multiplyinimportance
n
w~ j
,i 21
jis coefficien
rder allocatio
al Journal of Ind
TOPSIS M
he classicalem, originally981). Shih in more detaion processnd logic repoice. This scriteria an
is an expl set. Furthermby methods l. 2007; Wanal. 2013). nce betweenfining relativinally, the
nd farthest tTOPSIS solYoon, 1981
zed fuzzy de
:
Bj
Cj
he sets of be
the weightsuzzy decisiong the coeff
with fuzzy
j;m,...,2
nt of criterio
on to suppliers
dustrial Enginee
Method f
l methods fy proposed bet al. (200
ails. TOPSISs, systematpresenting t
set includes nd alternatilicit trade-omore, pairwisuch as AH
ng and ChanThe TOPS
n PIS and Nve closeness ideal solutito the NIS lution are
1; Chen et
ecision matr
(
(
enefit and co
of differeon matrix ficient of eay normaliz
n,...,,21
on importanc
s in …
ering & Producti
for
for by
07) is tic the an
ive off ise HP ng, SIS NIS
to on is as al.
rix
(1)
(2)
ost
ent is
ach zed
(3)
ce,
St
ne
A
A
Stan
d
d
Stca
C
i
Straca
3-SInorfuwaithWsuproborreraobmsuthusRSuPapr
thor
stts:ds
hr
M. M. Pay
ion Research, Se
tep 3: The p
egative ideal
v~,v~A
v~*
,v~*
A*
21
21
tep 4: The dnd NIS is cal
n
jv~dd
*i 1
n
jv~ddi 1
tep 5: Thealculated as:
d*id
idiCC
m,...,,21
tep 6: The anked accoralculated clo
-4. Matheelection Pr
n this sectionrder allocatiunction of M
which shouldim of MOLPhe most effic
Wodhwa andupplier selecrogramming bjective funcrder by a megarding theaw materialbjectives a
maximizing auppliers, andhat are not prsed in order t
Raw materialsuppliers arameters: rs: Price of puhe sth suppliers: Cost of oth supplier : Cost of trans: Distance frr: Cost of hol
dar1, Z. Hass
eptember 2016, V
positive ideal
l solution (NI
v~n,...,
v~*n,...,
*
2
2
istance of ealculated as:
v~*j,v~ij , i
v~ j,~ij , i 1
e closeness
id,
ranking of rding to theseness coeff
ematical Mroblem n, a MOLP on to the su
MOLP includd be optimizP is to find tient points (W
d Ravindran ction problem
problem, inctions. Here, multi-objective weight of s, and reso
are minimizamount of pd minimizingrovided. Theto formulate s r
s
urchasing theer rdering the r
nsporting therom the sth slding the rth
sanzadeh2, A.
Vol. 27, No. 3
l solution (P
IS, A ) are
ach alternativ
m,...,,21
m,...,,21
coefficient
alternativese descendingficients CCi.
Model for
model is pruppliers. Thdes a set ofed simultanethe best soluWang and Y
(2007) devm as a muln which ther
we determinve mathema
suppliers, dource constrzing the
purchase fromg required ra following nthis model:
r=1,2,3,….,R= 1,2,3, ……
e rth raw ma
rth raw mate
e rth raw matsupplier fromraw materia
22. Tajdin
PIS, *A ) and
defined as:
(4)
ve from PIS
(5)
(6)
t (CCi) is
(7)
s: They are g order of
Supplier
roposed for he objective f objectives eously. The
ution amongYang, 2009). veloped the lti-objective re are three ne optimum
atical model demand forraints. The total cost, m desirable
aw materials notations are
… , S
aterials from
erials to the
terials m company. als
23
2224
224 M. M
Wrs: The wmaterials suqrs: The avfrom the sthQr: Maximmaterials. Dr: Demancrs: Maximrth raw mat
rsc : Minim
materials foDecision vaXrs: Amounfrom the sthYrs: is one,from supplLr: The amsupplied. Objective fThe first ocosts of puholding. maximizes suppliers. Tthe amountare not sup
MinTCP
MaxTVP
r
MinL
Constraints
rs rss
q X
rss
X D
rs rsX c
rs rsX c Y
0rsX
{0,1}rsY
Constraint defect of ramaximum Constraint material. Inof the rth rabe equal tmaterials mthat would
M. Paydar1, Z.
Internationa
weight of thupply verage defech supplier
mum acceptab
nd of the rth rmum capacity
terials supplymum accept
or the sth supariables: nt of purchah supplier , if the rth rier s. Otherw
mount of rth
functions: objective funurchasing, or
The secothe purc
The third objt of demandplied.
Xr s rsp
Xr s rsW
rL
s:
r rQ D
r rD l
rsY
}
(8) ensuresaw materials
acceptable(9) is a balann this constraw materialsto demandedminus quantitd not be p
ontrols the mo provide an11) states tharom a suppliecceptable. (T
materials fromhan the minime economicainds of decis
-5. Goal Making Many of the ringle object
Researchers aresence of mf decisions 998). The ormulated byool for solvinroblems, acolutions. Theuxiliary variaot as ‘decisiormulate the istance betwhe realized sre excited, hown by nechievement eviation ( donstraints: onstraints. Sollowing th
while goal cowhich determespect to a s
weighted linebjective func
m
iMinZ
1ubject to
jx.
m
ija
1
,j;jx 10
rj;zjx
i;id,id 0
where Z is annear program
he weighted s
hod for order
eptember 2016, V
maximum cany type of raat the order qer cannot beThe order qm the sth sumum capacital). Constrainion variables
Programm
real-life conctive linear are more an
multi-criteria and managgoal prog
y Charnes anng multi-objchieving a e main ideaables, called ion makers’ model. Thes
ween aspiratisolutions. Tw
under-achieegative devi
of the goad ). GP co
system cSystem conse linear ponstraints ar
mine the bestset of desirear programm
ction can be f
wi
d.i
w(
id
id
r,...,,2
,...,r, 21
m,...,,i 21
n optional semming. In th
sum of devia
allocation to
Vol. 27, No. 3
apacity of eaaw material.
quantity of rae less than thquantity of tupplier shouty of the sthnts (12) ands.
ming for
cepts are desiprogrammi
nd more awin real-worl
gement (Tagramming (nd Cooper (jective decis
set of ca of GP is t
deviations, wbut as ‘fac
se deviationsion levels ofwo kinds ofevement of ation ( d )al, shown bonsists of twonstraints straints are
programmingre auxiliary t possible sod goals. In
ming model formulated a
)i
d.iw
,.,j;i
g 21
n,
et of hard cohis model, fu
ation variable
suppliers in …
ach supplier . Constraint aw materials he minimum the rth raw
uld be more h supplier to d (13) show
Decision-
igned into a ing model. ware of the ld problems amiz et al. (GP), first (1961), is a sion-makingcompromise o introduce which work
cilitators’ to s present the f goals and f deviations f the goal, and over-by positive wo sets of and goal formulated
g concepts, constraints,
olution with n this study,
with multi-as follows:
n...,
onstraints in unction Z is
es, and iW
…
DDeveloping a m
and iW a
respectively
id and id
deviations respectively
This paper structure osupply of rand througfood raw Company iet al (2016practice forsupplier seeconomic, addition, thimproves thto extend regarding which is thcompetitivecriteria for Then, we weights inevaluate thmodel has food industShahrekordin creatingand order summary service coregistered
Step 2: Ppairwise co
method for or
Internationa
are negative
y, related to
represent t
from they, and gi is th
4. A Caims to prov
of purchasingraw material
gh supplier smaterials
in Shahrekor6) focused or the complicelection has environmenhe proposedhe complex the productthe other che profit, soe climate. Wgreen supplrecognize th
n the greenhe green sup
been validatry of green d. This resea a hierarchyallocation t
of activitiesompany in
in Cheha
Pairwise coomparison m
rder allocatio
al Journal of Ind
e and posi
o the ith goa
the positive
e ith objehe ith goal v
ase Study vide a clear ig manager's ls by the proselection andin Green
rd city in Iranon the initiacated decisiobeen done
ntal, and socid framework
selection ofts and the
criterion of o that it can
We identify anlier selectionhe relative n supplier pply chain. ated using re
service Fooarch encouragy for the supto a favorits and contr
Shahrekorarmahal an
Fig
omparisons matrix has be
on to suppliers
dustrial Enginee
itive weigh
al. In additio
and negati
ective valualue.
image from tactivities an
oposed methd evaluation Service Fon. Sunil Luthative of greon making; t
for obtaininial benefits.
k of this stuf an alternatigreen procethe companremain in t
nd evaluate tn in this studimportance selection anThe propos
eal data in tod Company ged innovati
pplier selectite supplier. racts of grerd has be
nd Bakhtiya
g. 2.The hie
At first, ten construct
s in …
ering & Producti
hts,
on,
ive
ue,
the nd od of od
hra een the ng In dy ive ess ny, the the dy. of nd
sed the in on on A
een een ari
prwseancobeAsebeidmThtrdiflarTmmrito
4-ThrahaThStFiapfocoalflhi
erarchical s
the ted
toY
M. M. Pay
ion Research, Se
rovince in 2with the publiervices such nd supplyiontracts fromeen applied s
A list of efelection of geen considerdentified afte
materials selehese criteriaansportationistance, envexibility, tecre different sotally, there
materials in tmaterials are:
ce, 5) fish, 6omato, and 9)
-1. Hierarche steps of
aw material ave been cohe steps of thtep 1: construive alternativppropriate suood companyonsidered flternative: cexibility, c4ierarchical st
structure o
o determine You can see t
dar1, Z. Hass
eptember 2016, V
2002. It has ic organizatias preparing
ing manpom the respesuccessfully.ffective critegreen suppliered. Finally, ner interviewiction and exa are as f
n cost, fulfvironmental chnology, andsuppliers for e are 28 supthis study. T1) meat, 2) 6) tomato pa) yoghurt.
chical Systethe proposehave been
onsidered fohe proposed uction hierarves were stuupplier of they. Moreover,for selectionc1: price, c4: technolotructure is sh
of the AHP
an approprithis matrix in
sanzadeh2, A.
Vol. 27, No. 3
concluded 2ions for provg, cooking, d
ower. The ectable empl
eria in evalers in the conine major cing with exp
xperts of foodfollows: pricfillment of
compatibilid timely delieach food ra
ppliers for 9The name ochicken, 3) saste, 7) lemo
em for MADed method fexplained. T
or other rawmethod are a
rchical tree udied for selee first raw m, five criterian of an
c2: transportogy, c5: quhown in Figu
iate criterionn Table 1. C
22. Tajdin
28 contracts viding some distributing,
following loyers have
luation and ompany has criteria were perts of raw d industries. ce, quality, the order,
ity, defect, ivery. There aw material. 9 food raw
of food raw schnitzel, 4) on juice, 8)
DM for the first These steps
w materials. as follows:
ection of an material in a a have been appropriate t cost, c3: uality. The ure 2.
n by AHP. onsider that
25
2226
226 M. M
indicator ndecision-m
Step 3: obtThe weighpairwise cscore of eaused in thiweights for
4.2. Using Due to thefuzzy numsupplier. Talternative information
T
M. Paydar1, Z.
Internationa
n (Xj) has bemaking purpo
Tab.
aining weighht vector shocomparison ach alternatiis case studr the first raw
fuzzy TOPSe subjective
mbers are usThe linguis
are shownn is express
ab. 4. Ratin
suppliers
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
Hassanzadeh
al Journal of Ind
en comparedse in a MAD
1. The pai C
C1
C2 0
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
hts from deciould be obtamatrix to ive. Row se
dy. Table 2 w material. I
Tab. 2. W
W1 0.49W2 W3 W4 W5
SIS for evaluauncertainty
sed to deterstic variablen in Table sed in Tabl
Tab. 3.Fu
ngs of the s
price
(1,3,5)
(7,9,10)
(5,7,9)
(3,5,7)
(9,10,10)
h2, A. Tajdin
dustrial Enginee
d in relation DM by DM
rwise compC1 C2
1 5
0.2 1
0.111 0.142
0.142 0.2
0.166 1
ision matrixained for eadetermine t
et method wshows criter
In the row su
DeterminaW1 W98869 0 0.20 0.10 0
ating supplie of manage
rmine the bees for rati3. The fuze 4 based
. Linguisticuzzy numbers
(0,0,1)
(0,1,3)
(1,3,5)
(3,5,7)
(5,7,9)
(7,9,10)
(9,10,10)
suppliers brating o
transpor
(9,10,1
(7,9,1
(9,10,1
(5,7,9
(7,9,1
n Devel
ering & Producti
to as
pabe
parison of eC3
9
7
2 1
0.333
0.5
ach the
was ria um
mwnoth
ation of the W2 W30 0
52998 0011408 00 00 0
ers rs, est ng
zzy on
thnocathca
c variables
M
M
y DMs undof criteria frt fee flexi
10) (0,0
0) (9,10
10) (5,7
9) (3,5
0) (0,
loping a meth
ion Research, Se
airwise. Theeen obtained
each criterC4
7
5
3
1
0.333
method, elemwritten in oneormalized (i.he largest ele
weights of3 W4
0 0 0
0 0.083293
0
hese linguisormalized falculations hhis step, wean be obtaine
for rating Linguistic varia
(VL)Very low
low (L)
Medium low (M
medium (M
Medium high (M
(H) High
Very high (VH
der variousfor meat ibility tech
0,1) (0
0,10) (9,1
7,9) (0
5,7) (3
1,3) (5
hod for order
eptember 2016, V
e following d from its com
ion for the C5
6
1
2
3
1
ments sum oe vector, an.e., all the el
ement of each
f criteria W5 0 0
3 0 0.053432
stic variablfuzzy decishave been doighted normed through E
criteria able
w
ML)
)
MH)
H)
s criteria lin
hnology
0,0,1)
10,10) (
0,1,3)
3,5,7)
5,7,9)
allocation to
Vol. 27, No. 3
scaled secmparisons.
meat
of each rownd this vectolements are dh vector).
2
les. Table sion matrixone using M
malized decisEquation 3 (T
nguistic var
quality
(0,0,1)
(9,10,10)
(0,1,3)
(5,7,9)
(5,7,9)
suppliers in …
ctions have
w would be or would be divided into
5 shows x. All the
Ms Excel. In sion matrix
Table 6).
riable for
…
DDeveloping a m
Sup
Supp
s
s
s
s
s
We can calby Equatioeach altern
and negati
closeness
4-4. MOLAfter priorisupplier iproposed mgoal progrThe proposmodel to soprogrammi
method for or
Internationa
ppliers
S1 (0.
S2 (0.1
S3 (0.1
S4 (0.14
S5 (0.1
pliers
s1 (0.18,
s2 (0.09,0
s3 (0.099
s4 (0.127
s5 (0.09,
lculate the fuons 3-7. Tablnative supplie
ve ideal sol
coefficients
LP Model foitization of simportance
mathematicalramming mesed model wolve the muling method:
rder allocatio
al Journal of Ind
Tprice
.2, 0.33, 1)
, 0.11, 0.14)
1, 0.14, 0.2)
4, 0.2, 0.33)
1, 0.1,0.11)
T
v1
0.33, 1)
0.111, 0.142)
9,0.142, 0.2)
8, 0.2, 0.33)
0.1, 0.111)
uzzy PIS andle 7 shows ters from the
lutions 1 ,S
of the al
supplier
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5
Preferred oS 2
S1
SSSSSS
or Order Asuppliers and
in raw ml model has bethod and Liwill turn intolti-objective
on to suppliers
dustrial Enginee
Tab. 5. Fuzztransport fe
(0.5, 0.5, 0.5
(0.5, 0.55, 0
(0.5, 0.5, 0.5
(0.55, 0.714
(0.5, 0.55, 0
ab. 6. Fuzz
v2
(0.35,0.45, 0.5
(0.35,0.495, 0
(0.35, 0.45, 0
(0.385, 0.6426
(0.35,0.495, 0
d the fuzzy Nthe distance e positive ide
1S . Finall
lternatives a
Tab. 7. T
Tab. 8. Sorder of the s
SSSS 354.
SSS 687
SSS 7910
SSS 131112
SSS 161514
SSS 181719
SSS 222120
SS 252423
SS 272826
Allocation d calculation materials, tbeen solved bingo softwar
