The Industrial Electronics HandbookS E c o n d E d I T I o n

Power electronIcs and motor drIves

© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

The Industrial Electronics HandbookS E c o n d E d I T I o n

Fundamentals oF IndustrIal electronIcs

Power electronIcs and motor drIves

control and mechatronIcs

IndustrIal communIcatIon systems

IntellIgent systems

© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

The Electrical Engineering Handbook Series

Series EditorRichard C. DorfUniversity of California, Davis

Titles Included in the Series

The Avionics Handbook, Second Edition, Cary R. SpitzerThe Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Third Edition, Joseph D. BronzinoThe Circuits and Filters Handbook, Third Edition, Wai-Kai ChenThe Communications Handbook, Second Edition, Jerry GibsonThe Computer Engineering Handbook, Vojin G. OklobdzijaThe Control Handbook, Second Edition, William S. Levine CRC Handbook of Engineering Tables, Richard C. DorfDigital Avionics Handbook, Second Edition, Cary R. SpitzerThe Digital Signal Processing Handbook, Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas WilliamsThe Electric Power Engineering Handbook, Second Edition, Leonard L. GrigsbyThe Electrical Engineering Handbook, Third Edition, Richard C. DorfThe Electronics Handbook, Second Edition, Jerry C. WhitakerThe Engineering Handbook, Third Edition, Richard C. DorfThe Handbook of Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Mohammad IlyasThe Handbook of Formulas and Tables for Signal Processing, Alexander D. PoularikasHandbook of Nanoscience, Engineering, and Technology, Second Edition, William A. Goddard, III, Donald W. Brenner, Sergey E. Lyshevski, and Gerald J. IafrateThe Handbook of Optical Communication Networks, Mohammad Ilyas and Hussein T. MouftahThe Industrial Electronics Handbook, Second Edition, Bogdan M. Wilamowski and J. David IrwinThe Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, John G. WebsterThe Mechanical Systems Design Handbook, Osita D.I. Nwokah and Yidirim HurmuzluThe Mechatronics Handbook, Second Edition, Robert H. BishopThe Mobile Communications Handbook, Second Edition, Jerry D. GibsonThe Ocean Engineering Handbook, Ferial El-HawaryThe RF and Microwave Handbook, Second Edition, Mike GolioThe Technology Management Handbook, Richard C. DorfTransforms and Applications Handbook, Third Edition, Alexander D. PoularikasThe VLSI Handbook, Second Edition, Wai-Kai Chen

© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

The Industrial Electronics HandbookS E c o n d E d I T I o n

Power electronIcs and motor drIves

Edited by

Bogdan M. WilamowskiJ. david Irwin

© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data

Power electronics and motor drives / editors, Bogdan M. Wikamowski and J. David Irwin.p. cm.

“A CRC title.”Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 978-1-4398-0285-4 (alk. paper)1. Power electronics. 2. Electric motors--Power supply. 3. Electric power supplies to

apparatus--Design and construction. I. Wikamowski, Bogdan M. II. Irwin, J. David. III. Title.

TK7881.15.P665 2010621.46--dc22 2010020061

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© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

vii

Contents

Preface....................................................................................................................... xi

Acknowledgments................................................................................................... xiii

Editorial.Board..........................................................................................................xv

Editors..................................................................................................................... xvii

Contributors............................................................................................................ xxi

Part I Semiconductor Devices

. 1. Electronic.Devices.for.Power.Switching:.The.Enabling.Technology.for Power.Electronic.System.Development......................................................1-1Leo Lorenz, Hans Joachim Schulze, Franz Josef Niedernostheide, Anton Mauder, and Roland Rupp

Part II Electrical Machines

. 2. AC.Machine.Windings.................................................................................................. 2-1Andrea Cavagnino and Mario Lazzari

. 3. Multiphase.AC.Machines................................................................................ 3-1Emil Levi

. 4. Induction.Motor.............................................................................................. 4-1Aldo Boglietti

. 5. Permanent.Magnet.Machines......................................................................... 5-1M.A. Rahman

. 6. Permanent.Magnet.Synchronous.Motors....................................................... 6-1Nicola Bianchi

. 7. Switched-Reluctance.Machines.......................................................................7-1Babak Fahimi

. 8. Thermal.Effects............................................................................................... 8-1Aldo Boglietti

© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

viii Contents

. 9. Noise.and.Vibrations.of.Electrical.Rotating.Machines.................................. 9-1Bertrand Cassoret, Jean-Philippe Lecointe, and Jean-François Brudny

.10. AC.Electrical.Machine.Torque.Harmonics...................................................10-1Raphael Romary and Jean-François Brudny

Part III Conversion

.11. Three-Phase.AC–DC.Converters................................................................... 11-1Mariusz Malinowski and Marian P. Kazmierkowski

.12. AC-to-DC.Three-Phase/Switch/Level.PWM.Boost.Converter:.Design,.Modeling,.and.Control...................................................................................12-1Hadi Y. Kanaan and Kamal Al-Haddad

.13. DC–DC.Converters........................................................................................13-1István Nagy and Pavol Bauer

.14. DC–AC.Converters.........................................................................................14-1Samir Kouro, José I. León, Leopoldo Garcia Franquelo, José Rodríguez, and Bin Wu

.15. AC/AC.Converters..........................................................................................15-1Patrick Wheeler

.16. Fundamentals.of.AC–DC–AC.Converters.Control.and.Applications..........16-1Marek Jasiński and Marian P. Kazmierkowski

.17. Power.Supplies................................................................................................ 17-1Francisco Javier Azcondo

.18. Uninterruptible.Power.Supplies.....................................................................18-1Josep M. Guerrero and Juan C. Vasquez

.19. Recent.Trends.in.Multilevel.Inverter.............................................................19-1K. Gopakumar

.20. Resonant.Converters......................................................................................20-1István Nagy and Zoltán Sütö

Part IV Motor Drives

.21. Control.of.Converter-Fed.Induction.Motor.Drives...................................... 21-1Marian P. Kazmierkowski

.22. Double-Fed.Induction.Machine.Drives.........................................................22-1Elz·bieta Bogalecka and Zbigniew Krzeminski

.23. Standalone.Double-Fed.Induction.Generator...............................................23-1Grzegorz Iwański and Włodzimierz Koczara

.24. FOC:.Field-Oriented.Control.........................................................................24-1Emil Levi

© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

Contents ix

.25. Adaptive.Control.of.Electrical.Drives...........................................................25-1Teresa Orłowska-Kowalska and Krzysztof Szabat

.26. Drive.Systems.with.Resilient.Coupling.........................................................26-1Teresa Orłowska-Kowalska and Krzysztof Szabat

.27. Multiscalar.Model–Based.Control.Systems.for.AC.Machines...................... 27-1Zbigniew Krzeminski

Part V Power Electronic applications

.28. Sustainable.Lighting.Technology...................................................................28-1Henry Chung and Shu-Yuen (Ron) Hui

.29. General.Photo-Electro-Thermal.Theory.and.Its.Implications.for Light-Emitting.Diode.Systems.................................................................29-1Shu-Yuen (Ron) Hui

.30. Solar.Power.Conversion.................................................................................30-1Giovanni Petrone and Giovanni Spagnuolo

.31. Battery.Management.Systems.for.Hybrid.Electric.Vehicles.and Electric Vehicles...................................................................................... 31-1Jian Cao, Mahesh Krishnamurthy, and Ali Emadi

.32. Electrical.Loads.in.Automotive.Systems.......................................................32-1Mahesh Krishnamurthy, Jian Cao, and Ali Emadi

.33. Plug-In.Hybrid.Electric.Vehicles...................................................................33-1Sheldon S. Williamson and Xin Li

Part VI Power Systems

.34. Three-Phase.Electric.Power.Systems.............................................................34-1Charles A. Gross

.35. Contactless.Energy.Transfer..........................................................................35-1Marian P. Kazmierkowski, Artur Moradewicz, Jorge Duarte, Elena Lomonowa, and Christoph Sonntag

.36. Smart.Energy.Distribution............................................................................36-1Friederich Kupzog and Peter Palensky

.37. Flexible.AC.Transmission.Systems................................................................ 37-1Jovica V. Milanović, Igor Papič,.Ayman A. Alabduljabbar, and Yan Zhang

.38. Filtering.Techniques.for.Power.Quality.Improvement.................................38-1Salem Rahmani and Kamal Al-Haddad

Index........................................................................................................ Index-1

© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

xi

Preface

The. field. of. industrial. electronics. covers. a. plethora. of. problems. that. must. be. solved. in. industrial.practice.. Electronic. systems. control. many. processes. that. begin. with. the. control. of. relatively. simple.devices.like.electric.motors,.through.more.complicated.devices.such.as.robots,.to.the.control.of.entire.fabrication.processes..An.industrial.electronics.engineer.deals.with.many.physical.phenomena.as.well.as.the.sensors.that.are.used.to.measure.them..Thus,.the.knowledge.required.by.this.type.of.engineer.is.not.only.traditional.electronics.but.also.specialized.electronics,.for.example,.that.required.for.high-power.applications..The.importance.of.electronic.circuits.extends.well.beyond.their.use.as.a.final.product.in.that.they.are.also.important.building.blocks.in.large.systems,.and.thus.the.industrial.electronics.engi-neer.must.also.possess.a.knowledge.of.the.areas.of.control.and.mechatronics..Since.most.fabrication.processes.are.relatively.complex,.there.is.an.inherent.requirement.for.the.use.of.communication.systems.that. not. only. link. the. various. elements.of. the. industrial. process. but. are. tailor-made. for. the. specific.industrial.environment..Finally,.the.efficient.control.and.supervision.of.factories.requires.the.applica-tion.of.intelligent.systems.in.a.hierarchical.structure.to.address.the.needs.of.all.components.employed.in.the.production.process..This.need.is.accomplished.through.the.use.of.intelligent.systems.such.as.neural.networks,.fuzzy.systems,.and.evolutionary.methods..The.Industrial.Electronics.Handbook.addresses.all.these.issues.and.does.so.in.five.books.outlined.as.follows:

. 1.. Fundamentals of Industrial Electronics

. 2.. Power Electronics and Motor Drives

. 3.. Control and Mechatronics

. 4.. Industrial Communication Systems

. 5.. Intelligent Systems

The.editors.have.gone.to.great.lengths.to.ensure.that.this.handbook.is.as.current.and.up.to.date.as.pos-sible..Thus,.this.book.closely.follows.the.current.research.and.trends.in.applications.that.can.be.found.in.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics..This.journal.is.not.only.one.of.the.largest.engineering.publications.of.its.type.in.the.world,.but.also.one.of.the.most.respected..In.all.technical.categories.in.which.this.journal.is.evaluated,.its.worldwide.ranking.is.either.number.1.or.number.2..As.a.result,.we.believe.that.this.handbook,.which.is.written.by.the.world’s.leading.researchers.in.the.field,.presents.the.global.trends.in.the.ubiquitous.area.commonly.known.as.industrial.electronics.

Universities. throughout. the.world. typically.provide.an.excellent.education.on. the.various.aspects.of.electronics;.however,. they.normally.focus.on.traditional. low-power.electronics..In.contrast,. in.the.industrial.environment.there.is.a.need.for.high-power.electronics.that.is.used.to.control.electromechan-ical.systems.in.addition.to.the.low-power.electronics.typically.employed.for.analog.and.digital.systems..In.order.to.address.this.need,.Part.I.focuses.on.special.high-power.semiconductor.devices..The.most.common.interface.between.an.electronic.system.and.a.moving.mechanical.system.is.an.electric.motor..

© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC