The Year “1800”1. In the starting of the 18th

century and before that the world was a clean and a green place.

2. There was no new inventions as the industrial revolution has not started.

3. There was no pollution which are caused in the present.

4. There was no diseases caused by the pollutants .

5. So in this period of time the world had a stable climate and atmosphere

The Year 1850-1950

In this period of time the world was advancing in every field . This was the period of “INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION”. There was a lot of development in the world and there were many inventions . But there was also a lot of pollution.

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (YEAR 1850-PRESENT)

The Industrial revolution began in ENGLAND in the middle of the 18th century. Slowly all the countries began with the industrial revolution. It was a great time as there were many new inventions at that time which helped man make his work easier and reduced labour and use of animals. The world at that time had advanced a lot but there was a lot of pollution created by the industrial revolution which is keep on increasing day by day .

Impacts of Industrial Revolution

1. Loss of Traditional jobs- The movement of people away from the agriculture and into industrial cities brought about a great stress on labour force

2. Exploitation-In factories people had to work for a long period of time in harsh environment often with a few rewards.

3. Stress and Strain-4. Overcrowding

The Year 2000In the year 2000 the countries all over the world were well developed .Some of the countries were developing at a very fast rate. There was a lot of URBAN SPRAWL. The population was keep on increasing day by day. Impacts of Population Explosion are as follows :-1. Due to population

explosion ,more pollution.2. More the number of goods

manufactured to due increasing population ,more the pollution.

3. More the vehicles used , more the pollution.

4. More the wastes released ,more the pollution.

5. More new inventions ,more the pollution.

Urban SprawlGeneral definition of

term: “To spread out in an

awkward or uneven way, esp. so as to take up more space than is necessary”

Why sprawl?• Population expansion

• Urban flight

• “American Dream”

• Financial incentives

- Low mortgage rates

- New development apparently cheaper than redevelopment

• Businesses left cities

• Highway system

Social Impacts of Sprawl Increased traffic Sedentary lifestyle

Greater time spent commuting Less active lifestyle Neighborhoods have less

sidewalks, accessible activities, nothing in walking distances

Greater isolation Growth into urban-wildland

interface Less community structure Economic impacts of services

Health Impacts of Sprawl Obesity, overweight from decreased exercise

Cardiovascular disease, diabetes High blood pressure, hypertension Immune function, susceptibility to pathogens

Respiratory diseases

Vector-borne diseases

Motor vehicle–pedestrian, bicyclist fatalities

Contaminants in runoff; turbidity and pathogen risks

Isolation and depression / social capital

Ecological Effects of

Sprawl

Loss of open space Loss of contiguous

habitats Increase in lower

quality habitats, decreased habitat structure

Contaminants in ecosystem

Changes in watershed patterns

Decreased air quality impacts on plant growth and function

Financial Impacts of Sprawl

Existing residents subsidize new development and growth

Expansion beyond planning capacity (schools, roads, emergency, utilities, water and sewer lines, infrastructure)

Costs of maintenance Developers benefit

The Year 2050

1. There would be only jungles of concrete everywhere, no greenery .

2. The fresh water bodies would be full of wastes and no marine life.

3. INFLATION due to lack of resources.

4. Poor people starving everywhere.

5. No renewable resources available.

6. Lack of all supplies.7. Climate change due to pollution.