American Academy of Political and Social Science

Back MatterSource: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 43, TheInitiative, Referendum and Recall (Sep., 1912), pp. 347-352Published by: Sage Publications, Inc. in association with the American Academy of Political andSocial ScienceStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1012564 .

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INDEX

Amendments, constitutional, in Maine, 159, 162; in Michigan, 147; num- ber of, 67.

American Federation of Labor, and the initiative and referendum, 122.

Aristotle, and the progressive move- ment, 36, 43; on democracy, 251.

Arizona, initiative and referendum in, 86, 104.

Arkansas, initiative and referendum in, 85, 86, 104.

Bills, limitations on introduction of, 61; passage of, 54; reading of, 60; titles of, 60.

BLACK, J. WILLIAM. Maine's Expe- rience with the Initiative and Re- ferendum, 159-178.

"Boss," the, and the courts, 29; dan- ger of, 22; effect of, in Maine, 163; power of, 21, 23; under the con- vention system, 3.

BOURNE, JONATHAN, JR. Functions of the Initiative, Referendum and Recall, 3-16; address of, in United States Senate, 38, 98.

BROWN, ROME G. The Judicial Re- call-A Fallacy Repugnant to Con- stitutional Government, 239-277.

Bryan, William Jennings, and direct legislation, 87.

California, initiative and referendum in, 86, 105; progressive movement in, 40.

CATLETT, FRED WAYNE. The Work- ing of the Recall in Seattle, 227-236.

Colorado, action of supreme court in, 318; initiative and referendum in, 86, 104.

CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT BY POP- ULAR VOTE, A NEW METHOD OF. William Draper Lewis, 311-325.

Constitutions, method of amending state, 322; provisions of state, 312.

Convention system, nominations under, 3.

Conventions, abolishment of, 4; action of members of, 9; and legislators, 10; disadvantages of, 8.

Corrupt practices act, 4, 16; in Great Britain, 27.

Courts, as legislative bodies, 29; cause of adverse feeling towards, 315; limitation in powers of, 278; standard of judgment of, 314.

CROSSER, ROBERT. The Initiative and Referendum Amendments in the Proposed Ohio Constitution, 191- 202.

Democracy, American, problems of, 43. DIRECT LEGISLATION AND THE RE-

CALL. Henry Jones Ford, 65-77. Direct primary, 4, 16, 23. DODD, W. F. Some Considerations

upon the State-Wide Initiative and Referendum, 203-215.

Exemption, tax, of household goods, 6.

FAIRLIE, JOHN A. The Referendum and Initiative in Michigan, 146- 158.

FORD, HENRY JONES. Direct Legis- lation and the Recall, 65-77.

GALBREATH, C. B. Provisions for State-Wide Initiative and Referen- dum, 81-109.

(347)

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348 INDEX

General welfare, legislation for, 3, 11; promotion of, 10, 11.

Germany, government in, 68. GILBERTSON, H. S. The Recall-Its

Provisions and Significance, 216- 226.

Government, kinds of, 287; represen- tative, in America, 72; state, Hamil- ton on, 66; state, Madison on, 66; Webster on representative, 251.

Great Britain, judiciary in, 75; law

making in, 63, 73; recall in, 75; referendum in, 69.

GUTHRIE, GEORGE W. The Initiative, Referendum and Recall, 17-31.

Hadley, Herbert S., letter of, 103. HOLLINGSWORTH, CHARLES M. The

So-Called Progressive Movement: Its Real Nature, Causes and Sig- nificance, 32-48.

Idaho, constitutional amendments in, 213; initiative and referendum in, 86.

Impeachment, removal by, 25, 263.

Individualism, and the progressive movement, 36; in Wisconsin, 41; versus community action, 11.

Initiative, advantages of, 8, 28, 70; and the American Federation of

Labor, 122; arguments against, 6;

argument for, 24, 214; as a remedy, 23; bibliography on, 118, 119, 120, 121; by general laws, 108; con- clusions regarding, 108; definition

of, 19, 105; difficulty with, 184; direct, argument for, 195; direct, definition of, 194; direct, function

of, 183; effect of, 11, 37, 39, 186; extent of, in Switzerland, 129; func- tions of, 3, 30, 181; in Arizona, 86, 104; in Arkansas, 86, 104; in Cali-

fornia, 86, 105; in Colorado, 86, 104; in Idaho, 86; in Illinois, 205; in Maine, 85, 101, 161, 163, 164,

165, 166; in Michigan, 85, 104; in Missouri, 85; in Montana, 85; in Nebraska, 86; in Nevada, 86; in North Dakota, 86; in Oklahoma, 99, 101, 161; in Oregon, 84, 85, 91, 160; in South Dakota, 84, 87, 89, 160; in United States, 204; in Utah, 84, 160; in Washington, 86; in Wyoming, 86; indirect, argument against, 195; indirect, argument for, 197; indirect, purpose of, 196; legislation, introduction of, in Switz- erland, 132; limitation of measures submitted through, 209; Maine's

experience with, 159-178; Switzer- land's experience with, 110-145; method of procedure under, 19; Michigan's experience with, 146-

158; necessity for, 19, 20; Oregon's attitude towards, 70; popular, de- finition of, 127; process of law

making under, 5; progress of, in

America, 84; proposal for, in Ohio, 191; results of, in Switzerland, 135; votes on, in Maine, 166, in Oregon, 94, 95, 96, 97, and in South Dakota, 89.

INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM AMEND-

MENTS IN THE PROPOSED OHIO CON-

STITUTION, THE. Robert Crosser, 191-202.

INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM, PRO-

VISIONS FOR STATE-WIDE. C. B.

Galbreath, 81-109. INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM, SOME

CONSIDERATIONS UPON THE STATE-

WIDE. W. F. Dodd, 203-215. INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM, THE

WISCONSIN PLAN FOR THE. S. Gale

Lowrie, 179-190.

INITIATIVE, REFERENDUM AND RE-

CALL, FUNCTIONS OF THE. Jonathan

Bourne, Jr., 3-16.

INITIATIVE, REFERENDUM AND RECALL

IN SWITZERLAND, THE. William E.

Rappard, 110-145.

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INDEX 349

INITIATIVE, REFERENDUM AND RE-

CALL, THE. George W. Guthrie, 17-31.

Johnson, Hiram W., 40. Judges, cause of incompetency of, 29. Judicial decisions, recall of, in Switzer-

land, 130. Judicial recall, argument against, 262,

278, 281, 282; fallacies of advocates of, 243, 245, 255; how advocated, 240; in California, 217; in Greece and Rome, 36; in Switzerland, 129; justification for, 28; results of, 279; unrepublican in nature, 272; upon popular vote, 77.

JUDICIAL RECALL, THE-A FALLACY

REPUGNANT TO CONSTITUTIONAL

GOVERNMENT. Rome G. Brown, 239-277.

Judicial referendum, functions of, 283; results of, 284.

Judiciary, charge against, 300; error of, 304; functions of, 257; Hamil- ton on, 257, 261; in Australia, 258.

JUDICIARY IN THE UNITED STATES, THE POSITION OF THE. Alpheus

Henry Snow, 286-310.

La Follette, R. M., and the progres- sive movement, 41, 42.

LAPP, JOHN A. Actual State Legis- lation, 49-64.

Law making, by Oregon legislature, 6, 7; in Great Britain, 03, 73; in Wisconsin, 56; present method of, 18; process of, 5, 52.

Leadership, under popular govern- ment, 9; under progressive move- ment, 36; under representative government, 9.

Legislation, direct, advantages of, 8, 10; and Socialist Labor Party, 122; argument for, 142, 196; definition of, 81; history of, 179; in Missouri, 102; in Montana, 99; in Switzer-

land, 81, 82; in Utah, 90; substi- tution of, 5.

Legislation, for general welfare, 3; safeguards against, 58; source of, 52; special, prevention of, 12; under initiative and referendum, 13; vicious, 6.

Legislators, incompetency of, 52; qualifications of, 50.

Legislatures, attitude of American people towards, 72; distrust of, 50, 179; inequality in, 70; limita- tions on power of, 49; members of, 50, 51; method of procedure in, 73; scope of, 49; weakness of, 180.

LEWIS, WILLIAM DRAPER. A New Method of Constitutional Amend- ment by Popular Vote, 311-325.

LOWRIE, S. GALE. The Wisconsin Plan for the Initiative and Referen- dum, 179-190.

"Machine" the, existence of, 21; and the courts, 29.

Maine, amendments in constitution of, 159; effect of bosses in, 163; initiative and referendum in, 85, 101, 199, 210; necessity for consti- tutional amendment in, 162; recall in, 177.

MAINE'S EXPERIENCE WITH THE IN-

ITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM. J. William Black, 159-178.

METCALF, JAMES A. Dangers that Lurk in the Recdll of the Judiciary, 278-285.

MICHIGAN, THE REFERENDUM AND INITIATIVE IN. John A. Fairlie, 146-158.

Michigan, constitution of 1908, 150; constitutional amendments in, 153; effect of constitution of, 154; initia- tive and referendum in, 85, 104, 210; initiative petitions in, 208, 213; referendum votes in, 155, 156, 157, 158.

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350 INDEX

Missouri, direct legislation in, 102; initiative and referendum in, 85.

"Mob rule," definition of, 15; sub- stitution of, 24, 27.

Montana, direct legislation in, 99; initiative and referendum in, 85.

Nebraska, initiative and referendum in, 86.

Nevada, initiative in, 86; referendum in, 85, 98, 161.

New Mexico, referendum in, 86, 104. New York, proposed constitutional

amendment in, 317. North Dakota, initiative and referen-

dum in, 86.

Ohio, proposal for initiative and referendum in, 191; proposed con- stitutional amendment in, 107, 194, 200.

Oklahoma, initiative and referendum in, 99, 101, 161.

Oregon, attitude towards initiative and referendum, 70; corporations in, 13; direct legislation in, 124; effect of initiative in, 39; experience with recall of judges in, 264, 265; his-

tory of initiative and referendum in, 91; initiative and referendum in, 5, 84, 85, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 160, 211; law making by legislature, 6, 7; recall of judges in, 263; re- formed system of, 38; scheme of

government of, 74; senate in, 71.

Party government, inadequacy of, 17; outgrowth of, 21.

Pennsylvania, legislature of, action of, 18.

Petitions, signatures necessary for, 104, 206, 220, 227; in Arkansas, 104; in Maine, 101; in Michigan, 104; in Missouri, 102; in Mon- tana, 99; in New Mexico, 105; in Ohio, 192, 193, 198, 201; in Okla- homa, 100; in Oregon, 97; verifica-

tion of signatures to, 151, 152, 207, 218, 224, 227, 229.

Popular government, foundation of, 4. Presidential preference law, 16 Progressive movement, aim of, 35;

and Aristotle, 36; and individual- ism, 36; and representative govern- ment, 33; and socialism, 47; char- acter of, 33; definition of, 33; effect of, 39, 43; in California, 40; in Wisconsin, 41.

PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT, THE So- CALLED: ITS REAL NATURE, CAUSES AND SIGNIFICANCE. Charles M.

Hollingsworth, 32-48.

RAPPARD, WILLIAM E. The Initiative, Referendum and Recall in Switzer- land, 110-145.

Recall, argument against, 26; argu- ment for, 15, 24, 25, 76; as a remedy, 23; commission govern- ment and the, 217; definition of, 19; direct legislation and the, 65- 77; effect of, 11, 37; elimination of, in Arizona, 104; existence of, 13; first use of, 216; foundation of, 218; functions of, 13, 30; future of, in Seattle, 235; history of, 216; in Great Britain, 75; in Los Angeles, 126; in Maine, 177; in Switzerland, 129; judicial, necessity for, 13, 14; judicial, upon popular vote, 77; method of procedure under, 20; necessity for, 19, 20; of judges, effect of, 266; of judges, fallacy of, 262; of judges, in Minnesota, 275; of judges, in Oregon, 263, 264, 265; of judges, kinds of, 308; of judges, result of, 264; of judicial decisions, inconsistency of, 268, 271; of judicial decisions, no justification by neces-

sity for, 272; of judicial decisions, Roosevelt's plan for, 311, 312, 319, 321, 323; political character of, 219; principle of, 75; publicity

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INDEX 351

under, 222; results of, 225; results of, in Seattle, 234; Seattle's expe- rience with, 227-236; Swiss, origin of, 134; Switzerland's experience with, 110-145; under Constitution of Pennsylvania (1776), 24.

RECALL IN SEATTLE, THE WORKING OF THE. Fred Wayne Catlett, 227- 236.

RECALL OF THE JUDICIARY, DANGERS THAT LURK IN THE. James A. Met-

calf, 278-285.

RECALL, THE-ITS PROVISIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE. H. S. Gilbertson, 216-226.

Referendum, advantages of, 8, 12, 13, 28, 70, 71, 73; and the American Federation of Labor, 122; argument against, 69; argument for, 24, 214; as a remedy, 23; bibliography on, 118, 119, 120, 121; by general laws, 108; compulsory constitu- tional, in Switzerland, 130; con- clusions regarding, 108, 150; defini- tion of, 19, 105, 127; difficulty with, 184; early history of, 83; effect of, 11, 37, 186; effect of, in Maine, 177; effects of, in Switzer- land, 139; extent of, in Switzer- land, 129; functions of, 3, 30, 181, 283; history of, in Great Britain, 115, 116, 117; history of, in Maine, 161, 163, 164, 165, 166; history of, in Michigan, 146; history of, in Oregon, 91; history of, in Switzer- land, 130, 131, 132; in Arizona, 86, 104; in Arkansas, 85, 86, 104; in California, 86, 105; in Colorado, 86, 104; in Great Britain, 27, 69; in Idaho, 86; in Maine, 85, 101, 166; in Michigan, 85, 104, 148, 149; in Missouri, 85; in Montana, 85; in Nebraska, 86; in Nevada, 85, 98, 161; in New Mexico, 86, 104; in North Dakota, 86; in Oklahoma, 99, 161; in Oregon, 84, 85, 160;

in South Dakota, 84, 87, 89, 160; in Switzerland, 69; in Utah, 84, 160; in Washington, 86; .in Wyo- ming, 86; limitation of measures submitted through, 209; Maine's experience with, 159-178; method of procedure under, 20; Michigan's experience with, 146-158; necessity for, 19, 20; optional, advantage of, 143; Oregon's attitude towards, 70; progress of, in America, 84; pro- posal for, in Ohio, 191; provisions of, in Maine, 166; results of, in Switzerland, 135; results of judicial, 284; Switzerland's experience with, 110-145; votes in Michigan, 155, 156, 157, 158; votes in Oklahoma 101; votes on, in Oregon, 94, 95, 96, 97;

REFERENDUM AND INITIATIVE IN

MICHIGAN, THE. John A. Fairlie, 146-158.

Representative government, and pro- gressive movement, 33; in Great Britain, 24, 26, 27; in United States, 24, 32; leadership under, 9; sub- stitution of democracy for, 24.

Roosevelt, Theodote, and direct legis- lation, 87; on the judiciary, 255, 258; speech of, 107.

Senate, in Oregon, 71; power of presiding officer in, 56.

Senators, United States, popular elec- tion of, 8.

SNow, ALPHEUS HENRY. The Posi- tion of the Judiciary in the United States, 286-310.

Socialism and the initiative and refer- endum in Switzerland, 134; and the progressive movement, 47.

South Dakota, attitude of people to- wards initiative and referendum, 89; initiative and referendum in, 84, 87, 89, 124, 160; method of pro- cedure in, 88.

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352 INDEX

Sovereignty of the people, 3, 4, 22, 24, 26, 246.

STATE LEGISLATION, ACTUAL. John

A. Lapp, 49-64. State legislatures, dissatisfaction with,

114. Switzerland, comparison of, with

United States, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114; direct legislation in, 81, 82, 127; drafting of the initiative in, 204; effects of referendum in, 139; experience with initiative, 137; in- fluence of, on United States, 110, 114, 122, 123, 125; method of pro- cedure in, 128; referendum in, 69; results of initiative and referendum in, 135.

SWITZERLAND, THE INITIATIVE, REF-

ERENDUM AND RECALL IN. Wil-

liam E. Rappard, 110-145.

Taft, William H., and the judicial recall, 274, 275.

Taxes, direct, need of laws for, 47.

United States, basic propositions for

government in, 287, 290, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297; constitutional govern- ment of, 246, 260; limitations upon legislative powers of people of, 248, 249.

U'Ren, W. S., and the initiative and referendum, 91; interview of, 39.

Utah, direct legislation in, 90; initia- tive and referendum in, 84, 160.

Vote, popular, argument for, 317.

Washington, initiative and referendum in, 86.

Wilson, Woodrow, and direct legisla- tion, 87.

Wisconsin, law making in, 56; pro- gressive movement in, 41; proposed constitutional amendment in, 107; provisions for initiative in, 184, 185, 186.

Wyoming, initiative and referendum in, 86, 208.

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