The Lymphtaic System

Tajae BrownHuman Anatomy II

April 20, 2011

1. Introduction2. Function 3. Pathology

4. Development of lymphatic tissue5. Conclusion

Outline

• The lymphatic system is a major part of the immune system. Thomas Bartholin and Olaus Rudbeckius, the discoverers of the lymphatic system in humans (David Cantor mentions Gaspare Aselli (1581-1625) as the posthumous discoverer of the lymphatic system.

• The system also includes all the structures dedicated to the circulation and production of lymphocytes, which includes the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and the lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive system

Introduction

• The lymphatic system has multiple excess functions, it is responsible for the removal of excess fluid from tissues, absorbs and transports fatty acids and fats as chyle from the circulatory system and transports immune cells to and from the lymph nodes in to the bones.

Functions

• Lymphedema also causes abnormal swelling, especially in the appendages (though the face, neck, and abdomen can also be affected). It occurs if the lymphatic system is damaged, or underdeveloped in some way. An estimated 170 million suffer with the disorder. There are three stages:

• Stage 1: Pressing the swollen limb leaves a pit that takes a while to fill back in. Because there is little fibrosis (hardening) it is often reversible. Elevation reduces swelling.

• Stage 2: Pressure does not leave a pit. Elevation does not help. If left untreated, the limb becomes fibrotic.

• Stage 3: This stage of lymphedema is often called elephantiasis. It is generally only in the legs after lymphedema that has gone long untreated. While treatment can help a little, it is not reversible. Some common causes of swollen lymph nodes include staph infections and infectious mononucleosis

Pathology

• Lymphatic tissues begin to develop by the end of the fifth week of embryonic life. Lymphatic vessels develop from lymph sacs that arise from developing veins, which are derived from mesoderm.

Development of lymphatic tissue

• The lymphatic system and its organs are widespread and scattered throughout the body. It functions to service almost every region of the body. Because the vessels of the lymphatic system span the entire body it becomes an easy portal for the spread of cancer and other diseases, which is why disorders and diseases of this system can be so devastating

Conclusion