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ROME COLLAPSESWhy does Rome collapse? Well Good Question. The empire was too big to manage effectively, invaders from the East and the North threatened many cities and people eventually left making it even harder to govern people.
In approximately 500 the Roman Empire collapses.
People fled From the countryside from invaders from the north and the east
No central government to maintain roads, waterways, or public systems
Long distance travel became unsafe so trade became less common
CHARLEMAGNE
Charlemagne (Charles the Great) reunited much of Europe. He built his empire by 800. He restored the church based education and revived Roman imperial government. The empire did not survive his 814 death. His sons divided territory and rulers after lacked talent. Local lords and city-states separated and went their own ways.
THE MIDDLE AGES
-Though this era is often referred to as one period of time,
this is not the case.
-The middle ages (Medieval era) is divided in three periods:
The Early Middle Ages
The High Middle Ages
The Late Middle Ages
These periods do not have DEFINTE dates.
THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES
Often called the Dark AgesBegins with the fall of RomeReign of CharlemagneChristianity spread through EuropeThe birth and rapid expansion of Islam
THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES
Crusades
Papacy struggles with secular governments
Intellectual renaissance
Universities established in Paris, Oxford, and Bologna
Explosion of stone-castle building
Construction of magnificent cathedrals in Europe
Feudalism was firmly established
Trade flourished
Europe was at an economic and cultural height
THE LATE MIDDLE AGES: The Black Death wiped out up to 50% of the population
The church suffered reduced status when some of its priests refused to minister to the dying during the plague but enjoyed enormous profits in bequests from plague victims.
People began looking after each other which sowed the seeds of human rights
King
Lord (Vassal)
Knight(Vassal)
Peasants & Serfs
Feudalism: a political structure
Manorialism: a social structure
The king grants Fief in return for a vow of service
A lord promises a knight property in return for military service
The lord provides protection in return for taxes paid by the peasants on their goods and services (in the form of crops or labor)
Serfs are not slaves but are owned by the Land where they live
Peasants did not own the land they worked. They traded their work and a portion of their crops in return for protection.