American Academy of Political and Social Science

Front MatterSource: Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 96, The Place ofthe United States in a World Organization for the Maintenance of Peace (Jul., 1921), pp. i-vPublished by: Sage Publications, Inc. in association with the American Academy of Political andSocial ScienceStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1014856 .

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OF THE

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF

POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE

The Place of the United States in a World

Organization for the Maintenance of Peace

Publication Office Rumnford Building, 10 Depot Street

CONCORD, N. H.

Editorial Office 39th Street and Woodland Avenue

PHILADELPHIA

JULY, 1921

I

Vol. XCVI No. 185

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THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE

Membership. The subscription price of THE ANNALS of the Ameri- can Academy of Political and Social Science is $5.00 per year. Single copies are sold at $1.00 each. THE ANNALS are sent to all members of the Academy, $4.00 (or more) of the annual membership fee of $5.00 being for a subscription to the publications. The annual membership fee is

$5.00; life membership fee, $100. Members not only receive all of the

regular publications of the Academy, but are also invited to attend and take part in the scientific meetings, and have the privilege of applying to the Editorial Council for information upon current political and social

questions.

Comments in Regard to the Annals

"I need hardly tell you how highly I value the privilege of membership in the American Academy of Political and Social Science. I have had occasion in the past to see copies of the ANNALS and remember having been impressed by the excellence of the material they contained."

LEON DOMINION,

Washington, D. C.

"There is no question but what the Academy is rendering a National Service, and I consider it an honor to be a member of same."

NORMAN MELLOR, Arguto Oilless Bearing Company,

Philadelphia.

Issued Bi-Monthly by the American Academy of Political and Social Science at Concord, New Hampshire.

Editorial Office, 39th Street and Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa.

Entered as second-class matter May 8, 1915, at the post office at Concord, New Hampshire, under the Act of August 24, 1912.

Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in section 1103, Act of October 8, 1917, authorized October 26, 1920.

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THE PLACE OF THE UNITED STATES IN A WORLD ORGANIZATION FOR THE

MAINTENANCE OF PEACE

Ehe nnatl

VOLUME XCVI JULY, 1921

EDITOR: CLYDE L. KING ASSISTANT EDITOR: J. H. WILLITS

EDITORIAL COUNCIL: THOMAS CONWAY, JR., C. H. CRENNAN, A. A. GIESECKE, A. R. HATTON, AMOS S. HERSHEY, E. M. HOPKINS, S. S. HUEBNER, CARL KELSEY, J. P. LICHT-

ENBERGER, ROSWELL C. McCREA, E. M. PATTERSON, L. S. ROWE, HENRY SUZZALO, T. W. VAN METRE, F. D. WATSON

THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE 39TH STREET AND WOODLAND AVENUE

PHILADELPHIA

1921

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Copyright, 1921, by THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE

All rights reserved

EUROPEAN AGENTS ENGLAND: P. S. King & Son, Ltd., 2 Great Smith St., Westminster, London, S. W. FRANCE: L. Larose, Rue Soufflot, 22, Paris. GERMANY: Mayer & Muller, 2 Prinz Louis Ferdinandstrasse, Berlin, N. W. ITALY: Giornale Degli Economisti, via Monte Savello, Palazzo Orsini, Rome. SPAIN: E. Dossat, 9 Plaza de Santa Ana, Madrid.

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CONTENTS PAGE

PART I-THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE EXISTING LEAGUE OF NATIONS

THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS EFFECTIVE....................................... 1 Hamilton Holt, Editor of The Independent, New York City

ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS IN ITS FIRST YEAR...... 11 Charles H. Levermore, Ph.D., Secretary of the New York Peace Society and of the

League of Nations Union TWO ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE EXISTING LEAGUE-THE SECRETARIAT

AND THE ASSEM BLY .................. .......... ........ ................ 16 Sarah Wambaugh, Recently a Temporary Member of the Administrative Commission

Section of the Secretariat of the League of Nations THE FIRST YEAR AND A HALF OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS........... 21

Arthur Sweetser, Member of the Information Section of the League of Nations

PART II-THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND AMERICA'S PARTICIPATION IN A WORLD ORGANIZATION

THE M ONROE DOCTRINE ..................................................... 31 Hon. John Bassett Moore, New York City

THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND AMERICAN PARTICIPATION IN EUROPEAN A FFA IR S ...................................................... ... ..... .. . 33

William E. Lingelbach, Ph.D., Professor of Modern History, University of Pennsylvania THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND A WORLD ORGANIZATION ................ 41

Hon. Henry W. Taft, New York City

PART III-THE POSSIBILITY OF DISARMAMENT BY INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT

THE URGE FOR DISARMAMENT .........4................ ........ 45 Hon. Thomas J. Walsh, United States Senator from Montana

THE POSSIBILITY OF DISARMAMENT BY INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT.. 49 Major-General Robert Lee Bullard, Governor's Island, New York

LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS BY INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT.......... 53 Hon. Frank W. Mondell, House of Representatives, Washington, D. C.

CURTAILMENT OF ARMAMENTS ............................................ 56 Hon. Frederick C. Hicks, Representative in Congress from the State of New York.

Member of Naval Affairs Committee REDUCTION OF ARMAMENTS ................................................. 62

Hon. John Jacob Rogers, House of Representatives, Washington, D. C.

PART IV-THE TREATMENT OF BACKWARD PEOPLES IN A WORLD OR- GANIZATION

SUB-TOPIC-THE SYSTEM OF MANDATES AND THE OBLIGATIONS OF MANDATORIES IN THE EXISTING LEAGUE OF NATIONS

THE ATTITUDE OF THE UNITED STATES TOWARD EUROPE ............... 68 Hon. Henry Morgenthau, Former Ambassador to Turkey

THE POTENTIAL ADVANTAGE OF THE MANDATE SYSTEM ................ 70 Jane Addams, Hull House, Chicago

THE MANDATE SYSTEM OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS .................... 74 Denys P. Myers, Corresponding Secretary of World Peace Foundation. Assistant

Director of League of Nations News Bureau

iii

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THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS AND THE PROTECTION OF THE INHABITANTS OF TRANSFERRED TERRITORIES ....................................... 78

Manley O. Hudson, LL.B., S.J.D., Harvard Law School THE DEFECTS OF THE SYSTEM OF MANDATES ............................ 84

Herbert Adams Gibbons, Ph.D., Princeton, N. J. MANDATES: AMERICA'S OPPORTUNITY ....................................... 90

James G. McDonald, Chairman, Executive Committee of the Foreign Policy Association AMERICAN RIGHTS AND INTERESTS IN THE MANDATORY SYSTEM ........ 95

Fannie Fern Andrews, Secretary of the American School Citizenship League

PART V-THE FUNCTION OF INTERNATIONAL COURTS AND MEANS OF ENFORCING THEIR DECISIONS

A W ORLD COURT ............................................................. 98 Hon. John Hays Hammond, Washington, D. C.

AIM AND PURPOSE OF AN INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE............ 100 Hon. James Brown Scott, Juristic Advisor of the American Commission at the Paris Peace

Conference THE JURISDICTION AND POWERS OF AN INTERNATIONAL COURT ....... 107

Herbert A. Smith, M.A., Professor of Jurisprudence and Common Law, McGill Uni- versity, Montreal

COMPULSORY ARBITRATION NOT ESSENTIAL TO AN EFFECTIVE WORLD ORGAN IZATION ........................................................... 114

George W. Wickersham, Formerly Attorney General of the United States LAW THE PREREQUISITE OF AN INTERNATIONAL COURT ................. 118

Charles G. Fenwick, Ph.D., Professor of Political Science, Bryn Mawr College THE MISLEADING MYTH OF THE EQUALITY OF NATIONS ................. 124

Talcott Williams, LL.D., Director Emeritus of the School of Journalism, Columbia University

THE UNITED STATES AND INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENT ........ ........ 18 William I. Hull, Ph.D., Professor of History and International Relations in Swarthmore

College LIMITATIONS ON THE FUNCTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL COURTS .......... 13

Edward M. Borchard, Ph.D., Professor of Law, Yale University

PART VI-THE ESSENTIALS OF AN EFFECTIVE WORLD ORGANIZATION

THE ESSENTIALS OF WORLD ORGANIZATION ............................... 138 Hon. Irvine L. Lenroot, United States Senator from Wisconsin

THE CONCERT OF NATIONS ................................................... 141 Hon. Joseph Irwin France, United States Senator from Maryland

A WORLD ASSOCIATION IMPRACTICAL UNDER PRESENT CONDITIONS... 146 Hon. James M. Beck, of the New York Bar

THE ESSENTIALS OF A WORLD ORGANIZATION FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PE A C E ............................................... ..................... 153

Hon. Oscar T. Crosby, President Inter-Ally Council on War Purchase and War Finance THE ESSENTIALS IN THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS TO A WORLD ORGANIZATION 159

Hon. Henry W. Taft, New York City THE NEED FOR A CONCORD OF NATIONS .................................. 161

Albert Bushnell Hart, Ph.D., Professor of the Science of Government, Harvard University

SUPPLEMENT THE PAYMENT OF THE ALLIED INDEBTEDNESS TO THE UNITED STATES

THE PAYMENT OF ATLI,ED DEBTS ........................................... 166 Hon. Medill McCormick. United States Senator from Illinois

iv CONTENTS

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CONTENTS V

A PLAN FOR UNDERWRITING THE DEBTS OF THE ALLIES TO THE UNITED STATES ............................................... ...................... 169

Hon. Joseph Irwin France, United States Senator from Maryland ALLIED INDEBTEDNESS TO THE UNITED STATES .......................... 173

John Foster Dulles, Former Financial Adviser for the Peace Conference CANCELLATION OF EUROPEAN WAR DEBTS TO THE UNITED STATES... 177

E. M. Patterson, Ph.D., Professor of Economics, University of Pennsylvania

BOOK DEPARTMENT ......................................................... 182

INDEX ............... ................... .................. ................. 185

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