The President and Foreign Policyp.175-176

Goals of Foreign Policy• A nation’s overall plan for dealing with other nations

is called its foreign policy▫The basic goal of American foreign policy is national

security, or the ability to keep the country safe from attack or harm

▫Another key goal is international trade Trade can create markets for American products

and jobs for American workers▫A third goal is promoting world peace

War between other nations can disrupt trade and endanger US security by the US being drawn into foreign war

▫A fourth goal is to promote democracy around the world Promoting democracy and basic human rights

encourages peace

The Foreign-Policy Team•The president and various White House assistants

work with a large foreign-policy bureaucracy▫This bureaucracy includes: the State Department,

the Defense Department, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the National Security Council These agencies give the president valuable information

and carry out presidential decisions around the world but can often conflict with each other

•The Constitution divides the power to conduct foreign and military affairs between the president and Congress but does not clearly state how each can use their powers, therefore there has always been competition over foreign policy

Foreign Policy

D.O.L.

Given the information on foreign policy students will participate in a whip-around in which they state the goals of foreign policy

Tools of Foreign Policyp.177-178

Creating Treaties•Treaty: Formal agreement between the

governments of two or more countries▫Some treaties are based on defense: nations

become allies and agree to support each other if attacked North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): mutual defense treaty between the US, Canada, and the nations of Europe

▫Senate must approve treaties by a two-thirds vote President can bypass the Senate by making an executive agreement, agreement between the president and the leader of another country

Appointing Ambassadors • An official representative

of a country’s government is an ambassador▫ The president appoints

about 150 ambassadors who must be approved by the Senate

▫ Ambassadors are sent to only countries the US recognizes the legal existence of the government

• Ambassadors protect citizens, support trade, work for peace, and advance U.S. interests

Foreign Aid

•Money, food, military assistance, or other supplies given to help other countries.

▫Example: Marshall Plan after WWII

Marshall Plan

International Trade•The president can make agreements with other

nations about what products may be traded and the rules for trading.▫Trade Sanctions: efforts to punish another

nation by imposing trade barriers.▫Embargo: agreement between a group of

nations that prohibits them all from trading with another nations

•Congress takes the lead in other areas▫Tariffs: tax on imported goods▫Membership in international trade groups

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Military Force• The president may use the

military to carry out foreign policy decisions▫1998: Clinton ordered

cruise missiles to be launched at terrorist facilities in Afghanistan and Sudan

▫2003: Bush ordered armed forces to invade Iraq and remove Saddam Hussein

▫2011: Obama order Seal Team 6 raid on bin Laden

D.O.L.

Given examples of foreign policy decisions students will identify which foreign policy tool

was used in a quick response activity