THE RESEGREGATION OF AMERICA
By: Katie Murphy
“Segregation is a fact of life in the states where these children attend school and segregated
schools help prepare the children for the reality of what their adult lives will
be like.” -Board of Education
Levittown, NYAmerica’s First
Suburb
African Americans Forced to Remain in Cities
New homeowners agreed to a clause that bound them
“not to permit the premises to be used or occupied by any other person than members
of the Caucasian race…”
1950-1960:
City Population 3%
Suburban Population >60%
Court-Ordered Integration in
Schools
All WHITE vs All BLACKSchools
Severe Educational Differences
Severe EducationalDifferences
In Class Segregation
“By the end of fourth grade, African American students are already two years behind grade level-
by the time they reach twelfth grade they are four
years behind.” –Educational Trust Study
Residential Segregation Today
More Minorities Choosing to Live Apart from Whites
Government Action
Some believe that separate but equal
funding is better than desegregation
Operation Head Start
Black Educators for Black Schools
“I think that one thing that we need to remember when we’re talking about racial
integration or desegregation in schools is that schools are part of a larger society. And we live in an incredibly race-conscious, racist society.” –
Susan Eaton (Harvard University)
No Longer Provides Equal Opportunity and Treatment to
Every Citizen
Works CitedBickford, Eric. “White Flight: The Effect of Minority Presence on Post World War II Suburbanization.”
eh.net. Web. 5 April 2011.Massey, Douglas S. and Nancy A. Denton. American
Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass. Cambridge: Harvard University Press,
1993. Print.Nasser, Haya El. “Minorities Make Choice to Live with
their Own.” Usatoday.com. Usa Today. 9 July 2001. Web. 5 April 2011.
Robinson, Susan. “Brown vs. Board of Education.” Gibbsmagazine.com. Gibbs Magazine. 25 April 2005.
Web. 15 April 2011.Sabo, Kyle. “The Levittown Legacy: Segregation in
Suburbia?” Hofstra.edu. Hofstra. Web. 5 April 2011.Sharp, Anne Wallace. Separate But Equal: The
Desegregation of America’s Schools. Farmington Hills. Thomson Gale, 2007. Print.