The Respiratory System

The system of the body that deals with breathing

The body takes in the oxygen that it needs and removes the carbon

dioxide that it doesn’t

The Oxygen Delivery System

• Main function - to supply the blood with oxygen

• Does this through breathing

Breathing and Respiration are NOT the same thing!

Breathing

Moving air in and out of the

lungs

Respiration

Chemical reaction that releases energy

Inhalation• Breathing in

• Rib muscles contract to pull ribs up and out

• Diaphragm muscle contracts to pull down the lungs

• Tissue expands to force (pull) in air.

Exhalation• Breathing out

• Get rid of carbon dioxide

• Rib muscles relax

• Diaphragm muscle relaxes

• Tissue returns to resting position and forces (pushes) air out

Parts of the System

• Mouth

• Nose

• Trachea – splits into bronchi

– bronchioles

• Lungs– Bronchioles

– Alveoli

• Diaphragm

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/

Lungs

• Bronchial tubes

• Many smaller tubes

• Alveoli (alveolus) – surrounded by capillaries

• Average adult's lungs contain about 600 million of these air-filled sacs

http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html

Pathway of Oxygen

Body breathes in the air which is pulled through the nose or mouth and down through the trachea

The trachea is a pipe shaped by rings of cartilage.

http://webschoolsolutions.com/patts/systems/lungs.htm

Pathway of OxygenInside the lung, the bronchi divide into

smaller and smaller tubes called bronchioles.

At the end of each of these tubes are small air sacs called alveoli.

Capillaries, which are small blood vessels with thin walls, are wrapped around these alveoli.

http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/

Pathway of Oxygen

Capillary walls are so thin and close to each other that the air easily diffuses through.

http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/

Pathway of Oxygen

Oxygen diffuses through the capillaries into the bloodstream.

Carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, diffuses through into the alveoli, and is then removed from the body when we breathe out.

The Diaphragm

The diaphragm flattens to cause the chest to expand and air is pulled into the lungs.

The muscle that controls the breathing process.

When the diaphragm relaxes, the chest collapses and the air in the lungs is forced out.

Common Respiratory Diseases• Asthma is a common chronic (re-occurring)

inflammatory (swelling) disease of the airways. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. • Lung cancer is a disease which consists

of uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. This growth may lead to metastasis, which is the invasion of near by tissue and infiltration beyond the lungs (spread).