The Respiratory Test Review

Question #1

• Why do you need oxygen?

Answer

• Oxygen is needed in cellular respiration to break down glucose into a useful form of energy called ATP.

Question #2

• What part of the brain regulates the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide needed in the blood stream?

Answer

• The medulla oblongata

Question #3

• Name one part of the line defense of the lungs.

Answer

• mucus• macrophages

Question #4

• Is the air pressure higher or lower during inhalation?

Answer

• lower

Question #5

• What is Tidal Volume?

Answer

• The volume of air during a normal breath.

Question #6

• What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

Answer

• It lowers (contracts)

Question #7

• Name the instrument used to measure the volume of your lungs.

Answer

• The spirometer

Question #8

• What is the name of the substance that prevents your alveoli walls from sticking together.

Answer

• surfactant

Question #9

• Which part of the respiratory system traps the most debris?

Answer

• The nose

Question #10

• If you had laryngitis what would be the major symptom?

Answer

• Loss of your voice

Question #11

• What keeps your trachea from collapsing?

Answer

• Rings of cartilage

Question #12

• The branches of the bronchi eventually become ___________.

Answer

• bronchioles

Question #13

• What are the smallest, elastic, microscopic parts of the lungs called?

Answer

• Alveoli

Question #14

• How is the ERV determined?

Answer

• It is the measure of the remainder of the exhaled air in your lungs.

Question #15

• How is most of the carbon dioxide in your blood carried?

Answer

• As bicarbonate- HCO3

Question #16

• A condition in which there are damaged alveoli is called _____________

Answer

• emphysema

Question #17

• A bacterial infection which grows colonies in the lungs and can take 12 months to recuperate from is called__________.

Answer

• tuberculosis

Question #18

• What is the name of the flap of tissue that prevents food from going down your trachea?

• epiglottis

Question #19

• What is the chemical found in cigarettes that smokers are addicted to?

• nicotine

Question #20

• The toxic brew of chemicals found in cigarettes is called _________.

Answer

• tar

Question #21

• What line of defense is paralyzed when it comes in contact with cigarette smoke?

Answer

• cilia

Question #22

• What percent of lung cancer patients were smokers?

Answer

• 90%

Question #23

• Why do smokers have an increased chance of heart attacks?

Answer

• Their heart has to work harder to circulate oxygen to the cells due to lower oxygen levels in their circulatory system.

Question #25

• What is meant by a carcinogen?

Answer

• It is any substance that is cancer causing to humans.