The Respiratory Test Review
Question #1
• Why do you need oxygen?
Answer
• Oxygen is needed in cellular respiration to break down glucose into a useful form of energy called ATP.
Question #2
• What part of the brain regulates the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide needed in the blood stream?
Answer
• The medulla oblongata
Question #3
• Name one part of the line defense of the lungs.
Answer
• mucus• macrophages
Question #4
• Is the air pressure higher or lower during inhalation?
Answer
• lower
Question #5
• What is Tidal Volume?
Answer
• The volume of air during a normal breath.
Question #6
• What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?
Answer
• It lowers (contracts)
Question #7
• Name the instrument used to measure the volume of your lungs.
Answer
• The spirometer
Question #8
• What is the name of the substance that prevents your alveoli walls from sticking together.
Answer
• surfactant
Question #9
• Which part of the respiratory system traps the most debris?
Answer
• The nose
Question #10
• If you had laryngitis what would be the major symptom?
Answer
• Loss of your voice
Question #11
• What keeps your trachea from collapsing?
Answer
• Rings of cartilage
Question #12
• The branches of the bronchi eventually become ___________.
Answer
• bronchioles
Question #13
• What are the smallest, elastic, microscopic parts of the lungs called?
Answer
• Alveoli
Question #14
• How is the ERV determined?
Answer
• It is the measure of the remainder of the exhaled air in your lungs.
Question #15
• How is most of the carbon dioxide in your blood carried?
Answer
• As bicarbonate- HCO3
Question #16
• A condition in which there are damaged alveoli is called _____________
Answer
• emphysema
Question #17
• A bacterial infection which grows colonies in the lungs and can take 12 months to recuperate from is called__________.
Answer
• tuberculosis
Question #18
• What is the name of the flap of tissue that prevents food from going down your trachea?
• epiglottis
Question #19
• What is the chemical found in cigarettes that smokers are addicted to?
• nicotine
Question #20
• The toxic brew of chemicals found in cigarettes is called _________.
Answer
• tar
Question #21
• What line of defense is paralyzed when it comes in contact with cigarette smoke?
Answer
• cilia
Question #22
• What percent of lung cancer patients were smokers?
Answer
• 90%
Question #23
• Why do smokers have an increased chance of heart attacks?
Answer
• Their heart has to work harder to circulate oxygen to the cells due to lower oxygen levels in their circulatory system.
Question #25
• What is meant by a carcinogen?
Answer
• It is any substance that is cancer causing to humans.