THE ROARING TWENTIESTHE ROARING TWENTIES

A DECADE OF CHANGEA DECADE OF CHANGE

THREE TYPES OF CHANGETHREE TYPES OF CHANGE

SOCIALSOCIAL

ECONOMICECONOMIC

POLITICALPOLITICAL

SOCIAL CHANGESOCIAL CHANGE

PEOPLE’S PEOPLE’S LIFESTYLESLIFESTYLES

THE WAY PEOPLE THE WAY PEOPLE INTERACT WITH INTERACT WITH ONE ANOTHERONE ANOTHER

SOCIETY AS A SOCIETY AS A WHOLEWHOLE

THE “BULL MARKET”

ECONOMIC CHANGEECONOMIC CHANGE

CHANGES IN THE CHANGES IN THE PRODUCTION, PRODUCTION, DISTRIBUTION, AND DISTRIBUTION, AND CONSUMPTION OF CONSUMPTION OF GOODS AND GOODS AND SERVICESSERVICES

POLITICAL CHANGEPOLITICAL CHANGE

CHANGE IN THE CHANGE IN THE GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

THE WAY PEOPLE THE WAY PEOPLE THINK ABOUT THE THINK ABOUT THE GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

CHANGE IN LAWSCHANGE IN LAWS

Suffrage Parade, New York City, ca. 1912

SOCIAL CHANGE SOCIAL CHANGE

IN THE IN THE

1920’S1920’S

MOVIESMOVIES

MOVIESMOVIES

FROM SILENT FROM SILENT MOVIES MOVIES

TO “TALKIES”TO “TALKIES”

FAMOUS SILENT MOVIE FAMOUS SILENT MOVIE STARSSTARS

CHARLIE CHAPLIN

CLARA BOW

RUDOLPH

VALENTINO

THE FIRST “TALKIE”THE FIRST “TALKIE”

MICKEY TALKS !MICKEY TALKS !

MICKEY MOUSE MICKEY MOUSE MAKES HIS MAKES HIS TALKING DEBUT IN TALKING DEBUT IN 1928.1928.

MUSIC:MUSIC:

THE JAZZ AGETHE JAZZ AGE

MUSIC - THE “JAZZ AGE”MUSIC - THE “JAZZ AGE”

A faster paced styleA faster paced style

The first original The first original Music of the USMusic of the US

Started by Black-Started by Black-Americans in New Americans in New OrleansOrleans

FAMOUS INDIVIDUALSFAMOUS INDIVIDUALS

BESSIE SMITHBESSIE SMITH

DANCEDANCE

THE CHARLESTONTHE CHARLESTON

A DANCE THAT KEPT PACE WITH JAZZ MUSICA DANCE THAT KEPT PACE WITH JAZZ MUSIC

WOMEN WOMEN

ANDAND

FASHION FASHION

THE TRENDTHE TREND

TTHE SKIRTS AND DRESSES HE SKIRTS AND DRESSES GREW SHORTER AND SLEEKER, GREW SHORTER AND SLEEKER,

ALONG WITH THEIR HAIR.ALONG WITH THEIR HAIR.

FLAPPERSFLAPPERS

SIGNIFIIED THE NEW SIGNIFIIED THE NEW

INDEPENDENCE OF WOMENINDEPENDENCE OF WOMEN

. With short hair and a short skirt, with turned-down hose and powdered knees - the flapper seemed like a rebel. No longer confined to home and tradition, the typical flapper was a young woman who was often thought of as a little fast and maybe even a little brazen. Mostly, the flapper offended the older generation because she defied conventions of acceptable feminine behavior. The flapper was "modern." Traditionally, women's hair had always been worn long. The flapper wore it short, or bobbed. She used make-up (which she might well apply in public). And the flapper wore baggy dresses which often exposed her arms as well as her legs from the knees down. However, flappers did more than symbolize a revolution in fashion and mores - they embodied the modern spirit of the Jazz Age.

WHAT ASPECTS OF THE FLAPPER

ARE SHOWN IN THIS DRAWING ?

HARLEM RENAISSANCEHARLEM RENAISSANCE

Rebirth of African American CultureRebirth of African American Culture– Through intellect and production of literature, Through intellect and production of literature,

art, and music blacks could challenge racism art, and music blacks could challenge racism and stereotypes to promote racial and social and stereotypes to promote racial and social integration. integration.

– The creation of art and literature would serve The creation of art and literature would serve to "uplift" the race. Blacks should be proud of to "uplift" the race. Blacks should be proud of their heritage and accomplishments.their heritage and accomplishments.

.

Poet Langston HughesPoet Langston Hughes

DreamsDreams

Hold fast to dreamsHold fast to dreamsFor if dreams dieFor if dreams dieLife is a broken-winged birdLife is a broken-winged birdThat cannot fly.That cannot fly.Hold fast to dreamsHold fast to dreamsFor when dreams goFor when dreams goLife is a barren fieldLife is a barren fieldFrozen with snow.Frozen with snow.

Artist William H. JohnsonArtist William H. Johnson

Johnson painted Johnson painted thousands of pictures, thousands of pictures, many of which are on many of which are on display at the display at the Smithsonian Institute Smithsonian Institute

Top picture is titled: “Art Top picture is titled: “Art Class”Class”

Bottom picture is titled Bottom picture is titled “Booker T. Washington “Booker T. Washington Legend”Legend”

Singer Billie HollidaySinger Billie HollidaySTRANGE FRUITSTRANGE FRUITSouthern trees bear a strange fruitSouthern trees bear a strange fruitBlood on the leaves Blood on the leaves Blood at the rootBlood at the rootBlack bodies swinging in the southern breezeBlack bodies swinging in the southern breezeStrange fruit hanging from the poplar treesStrange fruit hanging from the poplar treesPastoral scene of the gallant SouthPastoral scene of the gallant SouthThe bulging eyes and the twisted mouthThe bulging eyes and the twisted mouthThe scent of magnolia sweet and freshThe scent of magnolia sweet and freshThen the sudden smell of burning fleshThen the sudden smell of burning fleshHere is a fruit for the crows to pluckHere is a fruit for the crows to pluckFor the rain to gather For the rain to gather For the wind to suckFor the wind to suckFor the sun to rotFor the sun to rotFor the tree to dropFor the tree to dropHere is a strange and bitter cropHere is a strange and bitter crop

Lyrics by: Lewis AndersonLyrics by: Lewis AndersonOriginally sung by: Billie HolidayOriginally sung by: Billie Holiday

THETHE

GOLDEN AGEGOLDEN AGE

OF SPORTSOF SPORTS

BASEBALLBASEBALL

BABE RUTHBABE RUTH

60 HOMERUNS IN 60 HOMERUNS IN 19271927

GOLFGOLF

BOBBY JONESBOBBY JONES

STARTED THE STARTED THE “MASTERS”“MASTERS”

TENNISTENNIS

BILL TILDENBILL TILDEN

COLLEGE FOOTBALLCOLLEGE FOOTBALL

THE “GALLOPING GHOST” KNUTE ROCKNE

SWIMMINGSWIMMING

SWIMS THE ENGLISH SWIMS THE ENGLISH CHANNEL IN 1927CHANNEL IN 1927

RADIORADIO

THE FIRST RADIO STATIONTHE FIRST RADIO STATION

RADIO PROVIDED THERADIO PROVIDED THEWHOLE FAMILY :WHOLE FAMILY :

ENTERTAINMENTENTERTAINMENT

SPORTSSPORTS

NEWSNEWS

FADSFADS

““THE WONDERFUL AGE OF THE WONDERFUL AGE OF NONSENSE”NONSENSE”

MARATHON DANCINGMARATHON DANCING

DANCE CONTESTSDANCE CONTESTS

THE LAST COUPLE THE LAST COUPLE STILL DANCING -STILL DANCING -

WINS !WINS !

USUALLY LASTED USUALLY LASTED FOR DAYSFOR DAYS

FLAGPOLE SITTINGFLAGPOLE SITTING

““SHIPWRECK” SHIPWRECK” KELLYKELLY

19241924

13 HOURS13 HOURS

POLITICAL CHANGEPOLITICAL CHANGE

IN THE IN THE

1920’S1920’S

WOMENS’ RIGHTSWOMENS’ RIGHTS

PROTESTSPROTESTS

In frontIn front

of theof the

White HouseWhite House

ALICE PAULALICE PAUL

•PROTESTED OUTSIDE THE WHITE HOUSE

•ARRESTED FOR CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE

•INCREASED PEOPLES AWARENESS

THE NINETEENTH THE NINETEENTH AMENDMENTAMENDMENT

“The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States

or by any State on account of sex.”

PROHIBITIONPROHIBITION

THE EIGHTEENTHTHE EIGHTEENTHAMENDMENTAMENDMENT

““the manufacture, sale, or the manufacture, sale, or transportation transportation of intoxicating liquors of intoxicating liquors within the United within the United States ... is hereby States ... is hereby prohibited”.prohibited”.

CLOSING THE SALOONSCLOSING THE SALOONS

USUALLY FBI USUALLY FBI AGENTSAGENTS

WHY NOT LOCAL WHY NOT LOCAL POLICE?POLICE?

SPEAKEASIESSPEAKEASIES

SUPPOSEDLY SUPPOSEDLY SECRET SECRET CLUBSCLUBS

RAIDS ON SPEAKEASIESRAIDS ON SPEAKEASIES

SERVED ILLEGAL SERVED ILLEGAL ALCOHOLALCOHOL

PROVIDED ILLEGAL PROVIDED ILLEGAL GAMBLINGGAMBLING

ORGANIZED CRIMEORGANIZED CRIME

FAMOUS GANGSTERFAMOUS GANGSTER

BECAME RICH AND BECAME RICH AND POWERFUL FROM POWERFUL FROM PROHIBITIONPROHIBITION

TWENTY FIRSTTWENTY FIRSTAMENDMENTAMENDMENT

“ “The eighteenth article of amendment to The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed”. hereby repealed”.

ANTI - FOREIGNANTI - FOREIGN

SENTIMENTSENTIMENT

THE RED SCARETHE RED SCARE

FEAR THAT COMMUNISTS FEAR THAT COMMUNISTS WOULD TAKE OVER THE USWOULD TAKE OVER THE US

IMMIGRATIONIMMIGRATION

IMMIGRATION QUOTA ACT PASSED IN IMMIGRATION QUOTA ACT PASSED IN 19211921

LIMITED NEW IMMIGRATION TO 3%LIMITED NEW IMMIGRATION TO 3%

OF EACH NATIONALITY ALREADY IN OF EACH NATIONALITY ALREADY IN THE USTHE US

SACCO AND VANZETTISACCO AND VANZETTI

CONVICTED OF MURDERCONVICTED OF MURDER

MANY BELIEVE THEIR MANY BELIEVE THEIR CONVICTION WAS THE CONVICTION WAS THE RESULT OF THE ANTI-RESULT OF THE ANTI-FOREIGN SENTIMENTFOREIGN SENTIMENT

AT THE TIME.AT THE TIME.

THE THE

RE-EMERGENCERE-EMERGENCE

OF THE OF THE

KU KLUX KLANKU KLUX KLAN

THE KLAN IN THE 1920’STHE KLAN IN THE 1920’S

MEMBERSHIP GREW TO MEMBERSHIP GREW TO AN ESTIMATED 4-5 AN ESTIMATED 4-5 MILLIONMILLION

NOW DISCRIMINATED NOW DISCRIMINATED NOT ONLY AGAINST NOT ONLY AGAINST AFRICAN-AMERICANS, AFRICAN-AMERICANS, BUT ADDED CATHOLICS BUT ADDED CATHOLICS AND JEWS TO ITS HATE AND JEWS TO ITS HATE LISTLIST

TACTICSTACTICSUsed terror and Used terror and violenceviolence

LynchingLynching

Burning crossesBurning crosses

ECONOMIC CHANGEECONOMIC CHANGE

IN THE IN THE

1920’S1920’S

ADVERTISINGADVERTISING

OLD AND NEWOLD AND NEW

MAGAZINES AND NEWSPAPERS MAGAZINES AND NEWSPAPERS

BILLBOARDSBILLBOARDS

ON THE RADIOON THE RADIO

AdvertisingAdvertising

TODAY’S ADVERTISING WAS BORN IN TODAY’S ADVERTISING WAS BORN IN THE 20’STHE 20’S

NEW TACTICS, INCLUDING SCARING NEW TACTICS, INCLUDING SCARING PEOPLE !PEOPLE !

AUTOMOBILEAUTOMOBILE

MODEL “T’MODEL “T’

MODEL “T” BUILT MODEL “T” BUILT BY THE FORD BY THE FORD MOTOR COMPANYMOTOR COMPANY

1909-19271909-1927

AFFORDABLE TO AFFORDABLE TO THE AVERAGE THE AVERAGE AMERICANAMERICAN

ASSEMBLY LINEASSEMBLY LINEPRODUCTIONPRODUCTION

Cars producedCars produced

- 1920 - 2 million - 1920 - 2 million

- 1929 - 5.5 million - 1929 - 5.5 million

By late 1900’s :By late 1900’s :

- One car for every - One car for every five Americansfive Americans

EFFECTS OF THE EFFECTS OF THE AUTOMOBILEAUTOMOBILE

PROMOTED OTHER INDUSTRIES: PROMOTED OTHER INDUSTRIES: - OIL - OIL

- STEEL - STEEL

- RUBBER- RUBBER

CREATED NEW SERVICE FACILITIESCREATED NEW SERVICE FACILITIES

HIGHWAYS HAD TO BE BUILTHIGHWAYS HAD TO BE BUILT

INSTALLMENT BUYINGINSTALLMENT BUYING

BUYING ON CREDITBUYING ON CREDIT

ONE DOWNPAYMENTONE DOWNPAYMENT

THE REST PAID MONTHLYTHE REST PAID MONTHLY

BUYING ON CREDITBUYING ON CREDIT

Home owners wanted all of the new Home owners wanted all of the new inventions and appliances that were inventions and appliances that were available. If they didn’t have the cash for available. If they didn’t have the cash for it, they could buy it using credit and pay it it, they could buy it using credit and pay it off later, with interest.off later, with interest.

Automobile, electric iron, toaster, vacuum, stove, & Automobile, electric iron, toaster, vacuum, stove, & washing machinewashing machine

STOCK MARKET CRASHSTOCK MARKET CRASH

The stock market crashed when there was The stock market crashed when there was a sudden and steep drop in the price of a sudden and steep drop in the price of stocks. Stockbrokers were calling in their stocks. Stockbrokers were calling in their loans so people were trying to sell their loans so people were trying to sell their stocks to make money. This caused the stocks to make money. This caused the price of stocks to drop steadily and price of stocks to drop steadily and eventually become worthless.eventually become worthless.

IN CONCLUSIONIN CONCLUSION

NAME THREE MAJOR SOCIAL NAME THREE MAJOR SOCIAL CHANGESCHANGES

THREE POLITICAL CHANGESTHREE POLITICAL CHANGES

THREE ECONOMIC CHANGESTHREE ECONOMIC CHANGES

COMBINE TWO OF THE ABOVECOMBINE TWO OF THE ABOVE

THE 1920’STHE 1920’S