THE SKELETAL SYSTEMenter the world of bones

THE SKELETAL SYSTEMis the human body system

composed of bones and connective tissue in

various sub-systems andformats.

WHAT IS THE SKELETAL SYSTEM?

FUNCTIONS OF THE

SKELETAL SYSTEM :

support for the body

protection of vital organsconnection of muscle system

-which enables movement

storage of vital minerals

production of blood cells

STRUCTURE OFTHE SKELETAL

SYSTEMparts, function and variations

ALL ASSIST HUMAN MOVEMENT

BONES● most rigid

connective tissue

● inorganic salts connected to protein fibers

LIGAMENTS● connect bones

to bones

● present in joints

TENDONS● connect bones

to muscles

● dense collections of collagen fibers

The Long Bone

✘ includes the appendages, pelvic girdle, arms, legs, the works

✘ provides locomotion and structure, muscular-skeletal

AXIAL

✘ protects the center: skull, thoracic cage

✘ works more to protect vital organs: brain, heart, pelvis, and central nervous system

APPENDICULAR

VARIATIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM✘ HYDROSTATIC SKELETON

- lack of skeletal system, uses water-filled sacks as skeleton -roundworms and earthworms, snails- fluid aids in locomotion

✘ ENDOSKELETON-structural, interior skeleton

-humans, echinoderms and vertebrates -calcium carbonate or living tissue

✘ EXOSKELETON-rigid, exterior skeleton-molluscs have calcium carbonate shells for protection-insects have a rigid chitin exoskeleton

skeletal system

HOMEOSTASIS

BONE GROWTH AND RENEWAL

osteoblasts

convert cartilage to hard bone

endochondral ossification

osteoclasts

break down bone

regulate blood calcium levels

osteocytesreplace worn bone

areas

regulate blood calcium levels

ARTHRITISo Rheumatoid or osteoarthritis

o Degeneration of cartilage in joints

o Joint replacement sometimes successful as treatment

o Almost 50% of people 85 and up will be diagnosed with osteoarthritis in the knee

"Arthritis-Related Statistics." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Mar. 2014. Web.

Caplan, Geralyn M. "Skeletal System." Skeletal System. N.p., n.d. Web.

Farabee, Michael J., Ph.D. "MUSCULAR AND SKELETAL SYSTEMS." Muscular and Skeletal Systems. Estrella Mountain Community College, 17 Sept. 2006. Web.

Mader, Sylvia S. "Locomotion and Support Systems." Biology. 10th ed. Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hill, 2010. Print.

works cited