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The Twentieth International Peace CongressSource: The Advocate of Peace (1894-1920), Vol. 75, No. 6 (JUNE, 1913), pp. 123-124Published by: World Affairs InstituteStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20666713 .

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1913 THE ADVOCATE OF PEACE. 123

them to do. They made us feel as much at home as we had ever before felt, and convinced us that the high mission of Mohonk to humanity will not be allowed in the least to lag. The conferences are to go on until their mission is accomplished.

The number of guests was not quite so large as usual. But the conference in all other respects maintained the

high standard of former years. Instead of one presi dent for the entire conference, a different chairman

presided at each of the six sessions. These were: Dr.

Lyman Abbott; Hon. Joseph Allen Baker, of London; Dr. James Brown Scott, of Washington; Ex-President

Eliot; Charlemagne Tower, former Ambassador to Ger

many, and President Taylor, of Vassar College. The presence at the conference of three of the British

delegates visiting this country in connection with the

arrangements for the celebration of the one hundred

years of Anglo-American peace, namely, Hon. Joseph Allen Baker, M. P.; Hon. Henry Vivian, M. P., and Mr. H. S. Perris, added freshness and interest to the

discussions, as did the presence of Norman Angeli, the author of "The Great Illusion," and Canon Dr. Alex

ander Gieswein, a member of the Hungarian Parliament and president of the Hungarian Peace Society.

The speaking was, on the whole, of a high order and

worthy of the great cause in whose interest the confer ence had met. Among the most prominent speakers, if one may name some of them, were: Hon. Jackson H.

Ealston, of Washington ; H. S. Perris, of London ; An

drew B. Humphrey, of New York; Prof. James H. Cal

lahan, of the University of West Virginia; Henri Bou

rassa, of Canada; Prof. William E. Shepherd, of Colum bia University; Prof. Amos S. Hershey, of the Indiana

State University; Hon. William C. Dennis, of Wash

ington ; Arthur K. Kuhn, of the New York Bar ; Edwin

D. Mead, of Boston; Dr. Lyman Abbott; Dr. Charles

W. Eliot; Dr. P. P. Claxton; Dr. Felix Adler; Thomas Eaeburn White, of the Philadelphia Bar; Prof. Emery E. Johnson; Norman Angell; Hon. Charlemagne Tower, and Prof. George Grafton Wilson, of Harvard.

It is unusual to find so many strong men participating in the program of a single conference. Mohonk itself never did better.

The representatives of a large number of business

organizations participated as usual in the conference.

Their resolutions adopted at a special meeting were pre sented at the last session by Marcus M. Marks, of New

York, and will appear as a part of the report of the con

ference. These resolutions are given on another page. The conference gave its attention especially to the

approaching Third Hague Conference and what its

program should be, to the celebration of the one hun

dred years' Anglo-American peace and its significance to the world, to arbitration as a means of promoting

international justice, to the proposed international c?urt of justice, and a number of other related topics.

The platform of the conference, which is given on

another page, was more limited than some wished, but

it dealt specifically with a few of the most important

things which it was hoped might be accomplished at the

Third Hague Conference. An interesting side feature of the conference was the

Intercollegiate Oratorical Peace Contest, held on Thurs

day afternoon, presided over by Dr. Charles F. Thwing,

president of the association, and participated in by three young men, who had won each first place in the

three group contests in the Eastern, Middle, and West

ern sections of the country. The first prize of $100 was awarded to Paul B. Blanshard, of the University of Michigan. The annual Pugsley prize for the best

essay on international arbitration by a man college stu

dent was presented to the winner, Bryant Smith, of

Guilford College, K C, and the Mrs. Elmer Black

prize for the best essay by a young woman college stu

dent was awarded to Miss Mary R. Pollock, of the

Rochester Athenaeum and Mechanics' Institute.

The Twentieth International Peace

Congress. The date of the Twentieth International Peace Con

gress, which is to be held at The Hague this year, has

been fixed for the week beginning August 17 and closing

August 23. The congress proper will open on Wednes

day, August 20. The two preceding days will be given

up to preliminary committee meetings. The dedication of the Palace of Peace, which is now

practically completed, has been fixed for Friday, Au

gust 29.

The Interparliamentary Union will also hold its

eighteenth conference this year immediately following the dedication of the Palace of Peace.

It is most important that there should be a strong

delegation from the United States at this Twentieth

International Peace Congress. The American Peace

Society has already appointed a number of delegates, and will be glad to make delegates of any others of its

members who may be going over. Each of the con

stituent branches of the society should also, if possible, send one or more representatives. In addition to the

peace societies, all other organizations which make arbi

tration and peace a part of their work are also entitled

to send delegates. We are advised that The Hague is sure to be un

usually full of people at the time, and those who are

expecting to go should write at once to Mr. A. van der

Mandere, 93 rue Jean de Nassau, The Hague, Holland,

stating what priced rooms they would like to have.

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l2i THE ADVOCATE OF PEACE. June,

There are many good hotels in The Hague, all con

veniently located, and with the exception of two or three

expensive houses the rooms are generally of moderate

price. Mr. der Mandere will also send to any who desire

it an illustrated Guide to the Exhibitions which are

being held this year in Holland. As these various events are sure to make the season

one of the most memorable in the progress of the peace

movement, the friends of international peace should

make extraordinary efforts to be at The Hague in

August.

The Fourth American Peace Congress. St. Louis, April 30 to May 4, 1913.

The weather was fair; the fourth city of the United States was at its best; the congress, now a conspicuous part of peace history, was an attractive and successful event. No writing limited as this must be can do jus tice to any of the many distinguishing features of that

delightful week, whether it be the Jefferson Memorial dedication which preceded, the customary disappoint ments, the oratorical contests, the efficiency of the

management, the sectional conferences, the Shaw Gar den party, the truly American spirit of the congress, the popularity of Andrew Carnegie, the greetings to the Chinese Eepublic, or the many effective utterances.

The first great disappointment was the inability, finally, of President Wilson to attend the congress ; the second was Secretary Bryan's unexpected mission to the Pacific coast and the announcement that he could not reach St. Louis in time for his engagements at the

congress Saturday, May 3. Other disappointments grew .out of the management of the sectional meetings. Had there been no such meetings the program would have been deprived of a number of its richest features, but some sections were attended by but a few. These sections were probably insufficiently advertised and

emphasized at the general sessions immediately pre ceding. Of course, future congresses will not make this mistake.

The general efficiency of the management was pro foundly appreciated by all, especially by those of us who have helped in the organization of previous con

gresses. Indeed, the most impressive feature of this congress, as compared/ with others, was the under

writing of the enterprise by the Business Men's League of St. Louis and the business-like handling of details.

While previous congresses have been financed largely by wealthy friends of the cause, this was manned from the outset by this great business organization. This in itself is significant and hopeful to every one inter ested in the success of future congresses in particular and in the more general problem of peace organization and propaganda. The Business Men's League of St. Louis has the thanks and genuine appreciation of all true friends of international peace. It was particularly fortunate in the selection of Mr. James E. Smith as chairman of the executive committee and of Prof. Man ley 0. Hudson as chairman of the program committee, both of whom, wholly without pay, spent themselves un

sparingly from the inception of the congress. Mr. Walter B. Stevens' experience as secretary of the

World's Pair in 1904 enabled him to render invaluable aid also as executive secretary.

A new feature was introduced into this convention

through the Navy League of the United States. On the claim that it is a peace society, it requested the

privilege of sending delegates to the congress, and asked for a place upon the program. It had not oc curred to the officers of the congress that this League, organized primarily for the development of the Navy, would wish to be affiliated thus with the peace move ment. The committee in charge, however, telegraphed that its delegates would be welcome to the congress, but expressing regret that the program was full. The

significance of this entrance into the organized peace movement by the Navy League of the United States remains to be seen. This much is certain, however, that the militarists have by their conduct, consciously or unconsciously, paid a decided tribute to the dignity and importance of the organized peace forces in America.

Sunday, April 27, notices of the congress were read from practically all of the pulpits throughout the cen tral West. Tuesday, April 29, representatives from six colleges in Missouri took part in an oratorical con test under the auspices of the Intercollegiate Peace Association. Hon. Seiden P. Spencer presided. The young men who delivered orations were Mr. Edward V. Nash, of Central College; Mr. John L. Tierney, of St. Louis University; Mr. George C. Wilson, of the Uni versity of Missouri; Mr. Arnold J. Tuchschmidt, of

Washington University; Mr. Sidna P. Dalton, of West minster College, and Mr. Prank E. Birkhead, of Wil liam Jewell College. The first prize of $75.00, offered by the International Peace Association, went to Mr. Tierney; the second prize of $50.00, offered by the Fourth American Peace Congress, was awarded to Mr. Birkhead. Four o'clock, Wednesday afternoon, at the auditorium of the Third Baptist Church, the Interstate Oratorical Contest of the Intercollegiate Peace Asso ciation was held, the president of the association, Dr. Charles F. Thwing, presiding. The contestants were: Mr. Vernos M. Welsh, of Knox College, Illinois; Mr. D. L. Wiekens, of Morningside College, Iowa; Mr. John L. Tierney, of St. Louis University; Mr. J. Arthur Debardleben, of Nebraska Wesleyan University; Mr. W. J. Sherman, of Dakota Wesleyan University; Mr. Lewis M. Stuckey, of Southwestern Uni\Tersity, Texas. The prize of $100, given by the Fourth American Peace Congress, was awarded to Mr. Welsh.

Wednesday, April 30, was given over to peace exer cises in all of the high schools, colleges, and universities of Missouri, and to a solemn high mass at the College Church, St. Louis University, at which the Most Rev erend John J. Glennon, Archbishop of St. Louis, deliv ered an address. There was also a meeting of the American School Peace League, held at the Sold?n High School in the evening, where addresses were given by President Thwing, of Western Reserve University, and Mrs. Fannie Fern Andrews, secretary of the Amer ican School Peace League. Dr. James L. Tryon, director of the New England Department of the Amer ican Peace Society, gave his illustrated peace lecture at the McKinley JEigh School on the same evening, a lecture which was repeated several times during the

week.

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