The World: 600 -1450

Expanding Communities & Movement

People, Goods, Ideas and Animals

GLOBAL PROCESS TRENDS TO 1450

Migration (Vikings, Turks, Aztecs, Mongols, Arab)

Spread of disease Belief systems (introducing Islam…!) New Technologies and commerce Idea of ownership People, church & state (Crusades, conflict)

Growth of individual (Magna Carta & Renaissance)

Demographic and Environmental Changes Migration of Agricultural Peoples

Bantu migrationsEuropeans to Eastern and Central Europe

Consequences of Disease For ex. Black Plague 1348

Growth and Role of CitiesUrbanization

How much of this demonstrates continuity?

Pop. Growth + Agricultural Revolution = Urbanization

Pop. Growth and expansion + virgin soils = Empire

Inter-regional networks and Contacts Mediterranean

trade circuit Silk Routes Indian Ocean Trans-Saharan

Trade Trans-American

circuits

Religious connections: missionaries, inter-religious contact

Impact of Mongols

Mediterranean Circuits

Silk Routes

Indian Ocean

Trans-Saharan Trade

Trans-American trade

Religious Connections

China: Internal/External Expansion

Sui Dynasty Tang Dynasty

Technological innovations: compass, paper, gunpowder etc.

Influence on JapanFootbinding, Neo-Confucianism

Song DynastyAll the makings of an industrial revolution

Early MingZheng He voyages, eunochs and nomadic

threats

Sub-Saharan Africa West African kingdoms: Ghana, Mali East African city states: Axum, Kilwa Southern Africa: Great Zimbabwe

Contacts with Islamic World, Indian Ocean world, and within Africa

Role of Trade, Education and Religion

Impact of Mongols: Blessing or a Curse

MONGOL SPREAD

East Asia (not Japan or SE Asia) Middle East (Persia) Russia IMPACTConquestTradeTech. Transfer

MONGOL SPREAD? (SE ASIA) Kublai Khan’s fleet of 1000 Mongol

ships hit by a typhoon and then refused permission to land in Champa (Vietnam). They changed direction, but their sick fleet and surprise attack turned them in another direction. Monsoons finally convinced them to retreat entirely.

Islamic World: Dar al-Islam Expanding cultural, economic and

political influenceAl-Andalus/ Islamic SpainNorth and West AfricaIndian Ocean: East Africa, India, SE Asia

Technological accomplishments: astrolabe, algebra, philosophy, cartography…

Al-Andalus

Islamic World: Comparisons Compare Islam to Christianity Compare Islamic contacts with

Europe and with Africa Crusades- points of view compared Compare gender changes Compare support/ patronage of

arts and sciences

Europe Break in eastern and Western

Christendom: political significance? Religious schisms compared:

Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholicism

Mahayana and Theravada BuddhismSunni/ Shiite in Islam

Europe: Restructureof Institutions

Religion Papacy, Crusades, architecture

and education Development of Feudalism

Comparison of feudalism in Europe and Japan

Increasing importance of monarchy over church

Amer-Indian World Migrations over the Bering Strait at

least 10,000 years ago. North: Cahokia South: Hohokam MesoAmerica- Olmecs, Maya, Toltec/Aztec

South America: Nazca, Moche, (Inca)

MIDDLE EAST Eastern Orthodox Christianity spreads Byzantine and Sasanid Empires ISLAM Spread of Islam

Caliphates Trade – Southernization: Indian Ocean

Trade Fairly peaceful

EASTERN ASIA Sui (Grand Canal), Tang (Buddhism, loss of

silk monopoly, inventions) Song (civil service exam back, Tech., pop+, flying money, credit)

YUAN – Mongols Khubilai Khan, technology transfer, exchange of

ideas and goods, Silk Road open, tax farming

MING – GOLDEN AGE: Zheng He, junksConcepts Spread of Buddhism – silk road Korea, Japan and Vietnam adapt ideas from

Chinese culture, begin to develop their own

AMERICAN CIVILIZATIONS Aztec (Tenochtitlan/Tlatelolco, territorial

conquest, chinampas, simple tech., sacrifice

Mayan (Teotihuacan, pyramids and 3-levels of Cosmos, calendar, math, simple technology

Inca (clan and ayllu, mit’a system for labor, roads, bridges, huge empire w. strong military, Cuzco city with hostages, khipu

EUROPE Fall of Rome: Feudalism/Dark Ages/Middle Ages Catholic Church & Pope: monasticism Christian Europe concerned about Islam:

crusades Pope vs. King – as Europe moves out of Middle

Ages, King becomes more powerful (investiture controversy)

Black Plague…brought from Mongol fighters in Italy benefits???....leads to RENAISSANCE

RUSSIA BEFORE: Kievian society and

Orthodox MONGOLS (1200): Golden Horde

Took the resources, devastates Kiev tax farming Alexander Nevskii saves Moscow Moscow becomes center Women in Mongol society?

AFRICA Islam introduced into Africa –

trade/peace…Great Zimbabwe, Swahili, Kilwa – SOUTHERNIZATION and trade

Ethiopia stays Christian Mali Empire and Mansa Musa Timbuktu Travellers: Ibn Battuta

INDIA Only violent Islam conquerers in India DELHI SULTANATE:

Violent, destroyed Hindu temples, people Raziya (women) Compare women to Buddhist Empress in

China of Wu Zhao during Tang Trading cities of Calicut, Malabar Coast Dhow

CHANGES IN EUROPE: 1450 Renaissance Printing Press Fall of Constantinople: Ottoman New art/architecture Explorers (Dias, da Gama, Columbus) New World (Cortes, Pizzaro Spain/Portugal & Treaty of Tordesillas

Questions we will focus on: Was there a world economic

network? How did gender roles change? How can material culture and urban

history help us to understand early societies?

Examples of continuity? Change? Think about patterns and trends:

demographics, social, technological

IDEAS TO CONSIDER What is “southernization”? How

did it change trade from the classical period and who were the important players on the scene?

How did southernization lead to westernization and what are the significant differences between them?

PEOPLE TO KNOW… Vladimir I Ghengis Khan Ogodei Khubilai Ibn Battata Alexander Nevskii Zheng He Rashid al-Din