THEORY OF INVENTIVE PROBLEM SOLVING : HOW TO MAKE BIOMIMETIC INVENTIONS

How to grip on ice?

№ 1 “Segmentation” : Divide paw on several pads№ 3 “Local quality” : Develop sharpness locally №17 “Another dimension”: Make contact surface 3D

№1 “Segmentation:”

№8 “Anti-Weight”

№18 “Mechanical vibration”

№37 “Thermal expansion”

Technical Contradiction to resolve: How to increase force on the ground without help of weight?(see field 10/1 in TRIZ Matrix)

Technical Contradiction to resolve: How to be sharp only when it is necessary?(To reduce surface contact area without loosing the adaptability and composition stability - fields 5/35 and 5/13 in TRIZ Matrix)

Technical Contradiction to resolve: How to walk on points when you are heavy? (To reduce contact surface area without loosing weight - field 5/1 in TRIZ Matrix)

The Russian system tool “TRIZ “ was developed to enable engineers to solve problems using alien disciplines. We are discovering how to include biology in the system to make Biomimetic solutions available to technology.

1. What is the problem?

Using TRIZ we designed the algorithm for transferring ideas from biology into engineering:

2. Uncover contradictions:

1. Problem definition: find the functional analogy

2. Problem understanding: uncover contradictions.

3. Compare biological and TRIZ-recommended solutions.

4. Build a bridge from nature to technology- try different combinations of natural and technological advice.

№19 “Periodic action”

№15 “Dynamics”

№15 “Dynamics”

№30 “Flexible shells and thin films”№2 “Taking out”№11 “Prior cushioning”№13 “The other way round”№39 “Inert atmosphere”

Nature’s solution principles:(BIOTRIZ Matrix recommends)

Engineering solutions(TRIZ matrix recommends)

How to climb a tree?

How to attach to a surface while moving?

Retracted claw

№19 “Periodic action”: №15 “Dynamics”

№ 2 “Taking out”№4 “Asymmetry”№17 “Another dimension” №29 “Pneumatics and hydraulics”Extended claw

3. Compare biological and engineering solutions

4. Make a Biomimetic solution

1, 15, 17 Copying natural solutions: ice treads:

Use intersected principles (1, 15, 17) + pure technical ones (2, 13, 29, 30)

The universal wheel can be used as a conditional one with the tyres inflated for moving under normal road conditions. But when the surface is covered with ice or snow and is slippery, the tyre is deflated until the two lateral discs provided with teeth will grip the road surface.

A boot provided with 2 layers: soft elastic and solid outsole. The hard steel spikes pass through these layers under the person’s weight and grip the surface. In lifting the foot the elastic bottom is released and the solid outsole cleans the spikes of mud or snow.

Self-cleaning gripping boots

Universal wheel possessing traction on both solid and icy surface

Dr. Olga BogatyrevaDr. Nikolay BogatyrevTRIZ project, CBNT

EXAMPLES OF BIOMIMETIC INVENTIONSLIVING PROTOTYPES BIOMIMETIC DESIGNNature’s solution principles:

(BIOTRIZ Matrix recommends)Engineering solutions(TRIZ matrix recommends)

Flexible coupling

Technical Contradiction to resolve: “How to maximise use of energy if energy source is moving?”(see field 20/15 in TRIZ Matrix)

Technical Contradiction to resolve: “How to react keeping a stable

construction and low force?” (see field 35/13 35/10 in TRIZ Matrix)

Technical Contradiction to resolve: “How to deliver more

substance without loss of energy?” (see field 26/22 in TRIZ Matrix)

Technical Contradiction to resolve: “How to reduce friction (force) and drag a heavy thing?” (see field 10/2in TRIZ Matrix)

Technical Contradiction to resolve: “How to increase force on the ground without help of weight?” (see field 10/1 in TRIZ Matrix)

Heliotropism of sunflower

№6 “Universality”

№20 “Continuity of useful action”

№25 “Self-service”

№7 “Nested doll”

№18 “Mechanical vibration№25 “Self-service”

№12 “Equipotentiality”

№13 “The other way around”

№14 “Spheroidality – curvature”

№1 “Segmentation”№13 “The other way around” №18 “Mechanical vibration”№28 “Substitution of mechanics”

Principles used in design: “intersected”

№13, №25 + from technology №28

Trackball

№15 “Dynamics”

№30 “Flexible shells and thin films “

№14 “Spheroidality – curvature”

№30 Flexible shells and thin films “

№35 “Phase transition”

№20 “Continuity of useful action

№31 “Porous materials”

№25 “Self-service”

№35 “Phase transition”

№15 “Dynamics”

№17 “Another dimension”

Principles used in design: “intersected”

№15 , №30, №35 + from technology №14 , №17

Recommendations are absent

№ 1 “Segmentation” № 3 “Local quality” №17 “Another dimension”

№1 “Segmentation:”

№8 “Anti-Weight”

№18 “Mechanical vibration”

№37 “Thermal expansion”

Anaconda:to lift the scales to

move on the ground or toclimb the tree

Technical Contradiction to resolve: “How to increase force on the ground without use of energy (how to slip in one direction?)”

(see field 10/19 in TRIZ Matrix)№10 “Preliminary action”

№17 “Another dimension”

№19 “Periodic action”

№17 “Another dimension”

№15 “Dynamics”

Principles used in design: “intersected”

№1, №15, №17 + from technology №10

Technical Contradiction to resolve: “How to defend without losing energy?”(see field 31/22 in TRIZ Matrix)

Technical Contradiction to resolve: “How to defend without loosing substance?”(see field 31/23 in TRIZ Matrix)

Technical Contradiction to resolve: “How to defend a leaf without changing its area ?”(see field 31/5 in TRIZ Matrix)

№ 3 “Local quality” №6 “Universality”№9 “Preliminary anti-Action”

№1 “Segmentation”

№ 3 “Local quality”

№17 “Another Dimension”

№2 “Taking out”

№2 “Taking out”

№21 “Rushing through”№22 “Blessing in disguise” №35 “Parameter changes”

№1 “Segmentation”

№10 “Preliminary action” № 24 “Intermediary”

№17 “Another dimension”

Monkey-puzzle tree - Araucaria

Barbed tape

Principles used in design: “intersected” №1 , №17 + from technology №2 ,№10

№18 “Partial or excessive action”

№ 39 “Inert atmosphere”

№6 “Universality”

№9 “Preliminary anti-action”

Ratchet mechanism

Dung BeetleScarabaeus sacer L.

Dr. Olga BogatyrevaDr. Nikolay BogatyrevTRIZ project, CBNT