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Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with...

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Therapy Psychology 1107
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Page 1: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Therapy

Psychology 1107

Page 2: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Introduction

Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings?

Changed with PinelIn general there are two approaches

Psychological biomedical

Page 3: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Eclectic Approach

Today most people take bits and pieces form each

There are, literally, hundreds of types of ‘talking therapies’

Page 4: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

A wee bit of history

Psychoanalysts got it all goingDisorders come from childhood

experience and unresolved conflictsRepression etc.Bring repressed feelings to conscious

awarenessGet rid of energy directed at id-

superego conflict

Page 5: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Lie back and tell me whatever comes to mind….Free associationPausesSlips

Show resistanceAnalyst interprets for you, provides

insight transferrence

Page 6: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

The key

The key to the whole idea is repressed memories

HmmmmmImpossible to disprove analyst’s

interpretationsAnd at 100 bucks an hour, three times a

week….

Page 7: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

The Humanistic approach

When we talked about personality we talked about how humanistic psychologists are interested in ‘self-actualization’

Humanistic therapy focuses on thisCare about the present and the futureCare about the conscious

Page 8: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

La la la la la la live for todaaay

Take responsibilityGrowth and fulfillment, not curing some

diseaseClients, not patientsHelp them reach their potential

Page 9: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Mr. Rogers Neighbourhood

Carl Rogers Person’s interpretations not therapist’s No judgement Non directive Genuineness Openness Acceptance empathy

Page 10: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

It all sounds so nice…

Therapist must show unconditional positive regard

Echoing and restatingBasically a mirror the client can use

Page 11: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Gestalt Therapy

Fritz PerlsKind of humanistic and unconsciousMake client self aware by breaking

down defensesStill emphasizes the here and now, not

the pastStill about responsibility

Page 12: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Behaviour therapies

Instead of urges, actualization and all of that, what about the BEHAVIOUR?

Use of learning theoryBasically classical and operant

conditioning approaches applied

Page 13: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Classical conditioning

Systematic desensitizationUse of counter conditioningWolpe’s ideas, based on Cover-Jones

Anxiety hierarchy Progressive relaxation Pairing the two

FloodingAversive counter conditioning

Page 14: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Operant approaches

Modify behaviour with rewardToken economiesWhat about when they leave?Ethics?

Page 15: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Cognitive Therapy

Thinking affects feelingFeeling affects thinkingWell stop blaming yourself, it is not your

faultBasically learn new thinking patterns

Page 16: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Rational Emotive

EllisConfront illogical thinkingBluntSort of the anti RogersBeck’s approach for depression is a bit

differentNot as blunt

Page 17: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

It is not all about you

Teach clients how non depressed people think

Can ‘vaccinate’ at risk peopleCognitive and behavioural approaches

often combined into Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

Page 18: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Family/Group Therapy

Hell of a lot cheaper…Support groupsFamily therapists treat the whole familyThere are many talking therapies, many

approaches, but one question lingers…..

Page 19: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

DOES IT WORK?

Ask the clients, they like itAsk the therapists….Oh how about SCIENCE?Eyesenk estimated that 67 percent

recover on their own!Not many studies then, many today

Page 20: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Meta analysis

More improvement than chance for those in therapy

Very generalWhat type is the best?Phobias bestSchizophrenia, personality disorders,

not so much….

Page 21: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Seems the therapy type is not as important as the therapistHopePerspectiveEmpathy‘pseudotherapists’ can be as good for

small problemsCultural differences between therapists

and clients

Page 22: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Biomedical

Drugs!Sounds good, but we still have to worry

about the outcomesSchizophrenia, very effectiveDopamine hypothesis, pretty much

confirmed

Page 23: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Antidepressants

Increase NE and 5Ht SSRI and TCA

Some block breakdown MAOI

Side effectsLi

Page 24: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

ECT

Now for sever depression that does not respond to drugs

RareDoes work thoughWhy?

dunno

Page 25: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Surgery

Even rarerI’d rather have a bottle in front of me….SeizuresMay come back now that we are

learning more about the braim

Page 26: Therapy Psychology 1107. Introduction Remember Trephining? Bloodletting? Beatings? Changed with Pinel In general there are two approaches Psychological.

Prevention

PovertyStressAt risk peopleGenetic markers


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