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Timeline of Indian historyFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a timeline of Indian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events inIndia and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of India. See alsothe list of Governors-General of India, list of Prime Ministers of India and Years in India.

Millennia 500th BCE · 9th BCE · 5th BCE · 4th BCE · 3rd BCE · 2nd BCE · 1st BCE · 1st · 2nd · 3rd

Centuries

BC

5000th · 90th · 75th · 70th · 45th · 43rd · 40th · 37th · 35th · 34th · 33rd · 32nd · 31st ·30th · 29th · 28th · 27th · 26th · 25th · 24th · 23rd · 22nd · 21st · 20th · 19th · 18th · 17th ·

16th · 15th · 14th · 13th · 12th · 11th · 10th · 9th · 8th · 7th · 6th · 5th · 5th · 4th · 3rd ·

2nd · 1st

AD1st · 2nd · 3rd · 4th · 5th · 6th · 7th · 8th · 9th · 10th · 11th · 12th · 13th · 14th · 15th ·

16th · 17th · 18th · 19th · 20th · 21st

5000th century BC

Year Date Event

500,000

BC

Isolated remains of Homo erectus in Hathnora in the Narmada Valley in central India

indicate that India might have been inhabited since at least the Middle Pleistocene era,

somewhere between 500,000 and 200,000 years ago.[1][2] Tools crafted by proto-

humans that have been dated back two million years have been discovered in the

northwestern part of the subcontinent.[3][4] The earliest archaeological site in the

subcontinent is the palaeolithic hominid site in the Soan River valley.[5] Soanian sites are

found in the Sivalik region across what are now India, Pakistan, and Nepal.[6][7][8]

Some of the Bhimbetka shelters were inhabited by Homo erectus more than 300,000

years ago.[9]

90th century BC

Year Date Event

9000

BC

Early Neolithic culture with first confirmed semi permanent settlements appeared 9,000 years

ago in the Bhimbetka rock shelters in modern Madhya Pradesh, India. Some of the Stone

Age rock paintings found among the Bhimbetka rock shelters are approximately 30,000

years old.[10]

The ancient history of the region includes some of South Asia's oldest settlements[11] and

some of its major civilisations.[12][13]

75th century BC

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Year Date Event

7500

BCEarly Neolithic culture begins in the Indian Subcontinent in Bhirrana in Haryana.

70th century BC

Year Date Event

7000

BCLater Neolithic culture begins in Mehrgarh currently in Balochistan, Pakistan.

45th century BC

Year Date Event

4500

BC

Many descendants of the native Indians seek refuge from giant beasts that roamed the land,

or so it was said in their lost texts.[citation needed]

43rd century BC

Year Date Event

4300

BC

Mehrgarh one of the most important Neolithic sites in archaeology begins on the "Kachi

plain" of now Balochistan, Pakistan.

40th century BC

37th century BC

35th century BC

Year Date Event

3300BC

Kot Diji phase of the Indus Valley Civilization begins. The civilization used an early form ofthe Indus signs, the so-called Indus script.

27th century BC

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Year Date Event

2600BC

Mature Harappan phase of the Indus Valley Civilization begins. The cities of Harappa and

Mohenjo-daro become large metropolises and the civilization expands to over 2,500 citiesand settlements across the whole of Pakistan, much of northern India, and parts of

Afghanistan and Iran, covering a region of around one million square miles, which was largerthan the land area of its contemporaries Egypt and Mesopotamia combined, and also hadsuperior urban planning and sewage systems. The civilization began using the mature Indus

script for its writing system.

2600

BC

End of the Early Dynastic II Period and the beginning of the Early Dynastic IIIa Period in

Mesopotamia.

2700BC

Mesoamericans begin to plant and domesticate corn.

2900BC –2334

BC

Mesopotamian wars of the Early Dynastic period.

26th century BC

Year Date Event

2600BC

Mature Harappan phase of the Indus Valley Civilization begins. The cities of Harappa,Lothal, Kalibangan, Dholavira, Rakhigarhi and Mohenjo-daro become large metropolisesand the civilization expands to over 2,500 cities and settlements. The civilization began using

the mature Indus script

25th century BC

Year Date Event

2500

BCDravidian Civilization begins in South India.

24th century BC

23rd century BC

22nd century BC

19th century BC

Year Date Event

1900

BC

Late Harappan Phase of the Indus Valley Civilization begins, including Cemetery H culture

and other cultures.

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18th century BC

Year Date Event

1800

BCIron Age in India.

1750

BCNomadic shepherds, the Aryans, enter India from Central Asia and the Russian steppes.

17th century BC

Year Date Event

1700

BCIndus Valley Civilization comes to an end but is continued by the Cemetery H culture.

16th century BC

15th century BC

Year Date Event

1500

BCEarly Vedic Period (to 1000 BC)

14th century BC

13th century BC

Year Date Event

1300

BCCemetery H culture comes to an end

12th century BC

Year Date Event

1200

BCRigveda (to 1000 BC)

11th century BC

10th century BC

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Year Date Event

1000

BC

Middle and Late Vedic period (to 500 BC)

Iron Age India

Iron Age kingdoms rule India— Panchala, Kuru, Kosala, Videha.

910

BC

Yajnavalkya writes the Shatapatha Brahmana, in which he describes the motions of the sun

and the moon.

9th century BC

Year Date Event

877

BCBirth of Parsvanatha, 23rd Jain Tirthankara (traditional date)

8th century BC

Year Date Event

777

BCNirvana of Parsvanatha 23rd Jain Tirthankara

7th century BC

Year Date Event

700

BCThe Upanishads, a sacred text of Hinduism, are written.

6th century BC

Year Date Event

600

BC

Sixteen Maha Janapadas ("Great Realms" or "Great Kingdoms") emerge.

Vedic End of vedic period.

599

BCMahavira, 24th Tirthankar of Jainism is born (traditional date).

563

BC

Siddhārtha Gautama, Buddha-to-be, is born in Lumbini into a leading royal family in the

republic of the Shakyas, which is now part of Nepal.

538

BC

Cyrus the Great, founder of the Persian Achaemenid Empire conquers northwestern parts of

the Indian subcontinent.

527BC

Nirvana of Mahavira

5th century BC

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Year Date Event

483

BCProposed death date of Gautama Buddha.

4th century BC

Year Date Event

400

BC

Siddharta Gautama 'Buddha' of the Shakya polity in S. Nepal, founds Buddhism (older date:

563–483 BC)

350

BC

Panini, a resident of Gandhara, describes the grammar and morphology of Sanskrit in the text

Ashtadhyayi. Panini's standardized Sanskrit is known as Classical Sanskrit.

333

BC

Persian rule in the northwest ends after Darius III is defeated by Alexander the Great, who

establishes the Macedonian Empire after inheriting the Persian Achaemenid Empire.

326BC

Ambhi king of Taxila surrenders to Alexander.

Porus who ruled parts of the Punjab, fought Alexander at the Battle of the Hydaspes River.

321

BC

Mauryan Empire is founded by Chandragupta Maurya in Magadha after he defeats theNanda dynasty and Macedonian Seleucid Empire. Mauryan capital city is Patliputra

(Modern Patna in Bihar)

305

BCChandragupta Maurya defeats Seleucus Nicator of the Seleucid Empire.

304

BC

Seleucus gives up his territories in the subcontinent (Afghanistan/Baluchistan) to

Chandragupta in exchange for 500 elephants. Seleucus offers his daughter in marriage to

Chandragupta to seal their friendship.

3rd century BC

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Year Date Event

273

BC

Ashoka the Great regarded as the greatest ancient Indian emperor, grandson of

Chandragupta Maurya, ascends as emperor of the Mauryan Empire.

266

BCAshoka conquers and unifies most of South Asia, along with Afghanistan and eastern Iran.

265

BC

Kalinga War takes place between Ashoka and the kingdom of Kalinga.

After conquering Kalinga, Ashoka reportedly regrets what he had done, leading him to adopt

Buddhism, which then became the quasi-official state religion of the Mauryan Empire.

261

BCConquest of Kalinga

260

BC

Ashoka begins displaying religious tolerance, grants animal rights, builds hospitals for people

and animals, treats his subjects as equals regardless of caste or creed, and promotes non-

violence and republicanism.

Ashoka inscribes the Edicts of Ashoka, written down using Brahmi script.

232

BCAshoka dies and is succeeded by Kunala.

230BC

Simuka declares independence from Mauryan rule and establishes the Satavahana Empire.

2nd century BC

Year Date Event

200

BC

Kuninda Kingdom is established.

Tholkappiyam describes the grammar and morphology of Tamil; it is the oldest existing Tamil

grammar (dates vary between 200 BCE and 100 CE). (to 100 BC)

184BC

The Mauryan Empire, which shrunk considerably, collapses after its emperor Brihadrata is

assassinated by his general Pusyamitra Sunga. Pusyamitra Sunga then establishes the Sunga

dynasty.

180

BCEstablishment of the Indo-Greek kingdom.

1st century BC

Year Date Event

80

BCEstablishment of the Indo-Scythian kingdom.

65

BCThe Pandyan king sends ambassadors to the Greek and Roman lands.

57

BCBeginning of Vikram Era

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1st century

Year Date Event

10 Establishment of the Indo-Parthian kingdom.

35 Western Satraps formed.

52Saint Thomas the Apostle reached Muziris and baptized people known as Saint Thomas

Christians.

68 Establishment of the Kushan empire by Kujula Kadphises.

78Gautamiputra Satkarni becomes Satavahana emperor and starts Shalivahana era calendar

after defeating Scythian king Maues.

90 Sung jae has established kingdom.

3rd century

Year Date Event

240 Sri-Gupta starts the Gupta Empire in Magadha, with its capital in Patliputra

4th century

Year Date Event

320 Chandragupta I ascends the Gupta throne.

335 Samudragupta ascends the Gupta throne and expands the empire.

380 Chandragupta II, Samudragupta's son becomes the Gupta Emperor.

5th century

Year Date Event

450 Invasions by the Huna.

6th century

Year Date Event

554 Collapse of Gupta Empire after the death of Shashankgupta.

7th century

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Year Date Event

606 Harshavardhana crowned Monarch.

637Badami Chalukya power at its peak. Pulakeshin II pushes north up to the Narmada and

defeats the invading Harshavardhana of Kanauj

8th century

Year Date Event

700According to the Qissa-i Sanjan, the immigrants Parsi are granted permission to stay by the

local ruler Jadi Rana

712 First Muslim, Muhammad Bin Qasim defeats Raja Dahir

736 Delhi is re-established by Bilan Deo Tomar also known as Anangpal Tomar

753Establishment of Rashtrakuta Kingdom of Manyakhet by Danti Durga by defeating

Chalukyas of Badami

788 Birth of Adi Shankaracharya

9th century

Year Date Event

814 Nripatunga Amoghavarsha I becomes Rashtrakuta emperor. Kannada literature flourishes.

836 Gurjara-Pratihara (to 910)

10th century

Year Date Event

1000 Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni

11th century

Year Date Event

1021 Mahmud Ghazni defeats Tarnochalpal and annexes Punjab

1025 Last invasion of Mahmud Ghazni, sacked and destroyed temple of Somnath

1030 Alberuni arrives in India; death of Mahmud of Ghazni

1058 Sumra Dynasty ends the Arab domination and establishes its own rule over Sindh.

12th century

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Year Date Event

1120 Kalyani Chalukyas power at its peak. Vikramaditya VI ushers in Vikrama Chalukya era.

1134 Life of Basaveshwara, philosopher and social reformer. (to 1196)

1157 The Kalachuris under Bijjala II capture Kalyani

1190 Mohammed Ghauri invades India.

1191"Victory of Prithviraj Chauhan". First battle of Tarain between Mohammed Ghori and

Prithviraj III. Ghauri is defeated by Prithivi Raj Chauhan III.

1192"Victory of Mohammed Ghauri". Second battle of Tarain fought between Ghauri and PrithiviRaj Chauhan III. Prithvi Raj Chauhan III is defeated by Mhammed Ghori.

1194Battle of Chandawar fought between Ghauri and Jaichand of Kannauj. Ghauri defeated

Jayachandra and killed him.

13th century

Year Date Event

1206 Gakhars kills Muhammad Ghori during a raid on his camp on the Jhelum River

1206 Qutb-ud-din Aibak establishes Ghulam Dynasty later to be known as Delhi Sultanate

1210 Qutb-ud-din Aibak died while playing polo.

1221 Genghis Khan invades Punjab

1237 Sri Madhwaharya born in Pajaka near Udupi, Karnataka

1240 Murder of Razia Sultan by Turkish nobles.

1267 The Mahanubhava philosophy established by Chakradhar Swami.

1275 Birth of Saint Dyaneshwara.

1290 Murder of Muiz ud din Qaiqabad.

14th century

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Year Date Event

1310Ala-ud-din Khalji's army under Malik Kafur occupies Devagiri ending the Seuna Yadava

Kingdom

1323 Ulugh Khan defeats Prataparudra ending the Kakatiya dynasty

1336 Vijayanagara Empire established by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I

1343 Veera Ballala III was killed at the Battle of Madurai.

1347Governor Hasan Gangu revolts against Muhammad bin Tughluq founding the Bahmani

Sultanate

1351 Samma Dynasty assumes rule over Sindh

1370Bukka, the Vijayanagara ruler and his son Kumara Kamapna capture the entire Tamil

speaking parts.

1398 Timur plunders Lahore

15th century

Year Date Event

1401 Dilawar Khan establishes the Malwa Sultanate in present-day northern India

1407Zafar Khan: governor of Gujarat, declares himself as Sultan Muzaffar Shah founding the

Gujarat Sultanate/Muzaffarid dynasty

1414Khizr Khan, deputized by Timur to be the governor of Multan takes over Delhi founding the

Sayyid dynasty

1424Deva Raya II succeeded his father Veera Vijaya Bukka Raya as monarch of theVijayanagara Empire

1443 Abdur Razzaq visits India

1446 Mallikarjuna Raya succeeds his father Deva Raya II

1451 Bahlul Khan Lodhi ascends the throne of the Delhi sultanate starting the Lodhi dynasty

1469 Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism is born

1483 Birth of Babur in Andijan, Fergana Valley in Central Asia

1485 Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya drives out Praudha Raya ending the Sangama Dynasty

1486Advent of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism and leader of the

world's first civil disobedience movement, in Navadwip, West Bengal

1490Ahmadnagar declares independence, followed by Bijapur and Berar in the same year thusbreaking up the Bahmani Sultanate.

1498 Vasco de Gama's first voyage from Europe to India and back (to 1499)

16th century

Year Date Event

Kingdom of Kochi is taken over by the Portuguese creating the first European settlement in

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1503 India.

1508The Christian-Islamic power struggle in Europe and the Middle East. Spills over into theIndian Ocean as Battle of Chaul during the Portuguese-Mamluk War

1509Battle of Diu marks the beginning of the dominance of the Europeans in the Asian naval

theater.

1510 Portuguese India (to 1961)

1522 Portuguese land on the Coromandel Coast

1526 21 April

Sultan Ibrahim Lodi, of the Delhi Sultanate, angers local nobles, who respond by invitingBabur, the Mughal ruler of Kabul, to invade Delhi and Agra. The local population, plus the

possession of artillery, assists Babur in killing the Sultan (whose soldiers desert him) at theBattle of Panipat.

1527 17 MarchBabur bribes Mewar general Silhadi promising Silhadi a kingdom, if Silhadi betrays Mewar

King Rana Sanga in Battle of Khanwa, thus leading to the annexation of Mewar.

1530Babur completes his Baburnama, reflecting on society, politics, economics, history,geography, nature, flora and fauna, which to this day is a standard textbook in 25 countries.

Babur dies, and is succeeded by his son Humayun.

1539 Battle of Chausa fought between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri in which Humayun defeated.

Guru Angad Dev becomes second guru of Sikhs.

1540 Battle of Kannauj fought between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri and Humayun wascompletely defeated. Humayun lost the Mughal empire to Afghans (Suri Dynasty), and

passed 12 years in exile.

Birth of Maharana Pratap Singh of Mewar ( son of Maharana Udai Singh II )

1545 22 May Death of Sher Shah Suri and succeeded by Islam Shah Suri.

1552 Guru Amar Das becomes third Guru of Sikhs.

155422November

Death of Islam Shah Suri.

1555 Humayun regained the throne of Delhi from the hands of weak successors of Sher Shah.

1556 Humayun converts from Sunni Islam to Shia Islam, to gain the alliance of the Shah of Persia.Humayun dies, and is succeeded by his son Akbar.

Hindu king Hemu establishes 'Hindu Raj' in North India and bestowed with title of "Samrat

Hem Chandra Vikramaditya"; Second Battle of Panipat fought between Hemu and Akbar'sforces in which Hemu is killed.

156526January

Battle of Talikota results in the rout of Vijayanagara empire.

1572

Akbar the Great annexes Gujarat, also shifts the Mughal capital to Fatehpur Sikri where a

new township and citadel containing buildings of a unique all-India character—inspired bythe architecture of Bengal, Gujarat, Malwa, Kashmir as well as the Timurid world—is born.

1574 Guru Ram Das becomes fourth Guru of Sikhs.

Akbar annexes Bengal.

1581 Guru Arjan Dev becomes fifth Guru of Sikhs.

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1586 Akbar annexes Kashmir.

1600 East India company is formed in England. Gets exclusive trading rights with India.

17th century

Year Date Event

1605 Akbar dies, and is succeeded by his son Jehangir.

1606 Guru Hargobind becomes sixth guru of Sikhs.

1612 British India (to 1947)

East India Company (to 1757)

1628Jehangir announces "Chain of Justice" outside his palace that anyone can ring the bell and geta personal hearing with the emperor. Jehangir dies, and is succeeded by his son Shah Jahan.

1630 Birth of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.

1644 8 March Guru Har Rai becomes seventh guru of Sikhs

Shivaji takes oath of Independence at Raireshwar.

1658

Shah Jahan completes Taj Mahal, Jama Masjid, and Red Fort. Imperial treasuries drained

by architectural and military overexpenditures. Shah Jahan dies, and is succeeded by his sonAurangzeb.

1659

Shivaji's ill-equipped and small Maratha army defeat mighty Adilshahi troops at the Battle of

Pratapgarh in a major upset in Indian history. Shivaji personally kills Adilshahi commanderAfzal Khan (general).

16617October

Guru Har Krishan becomes eight guru of Sikhs.

1665 20 March Guru Tegh Bahadur becomes ninth Guru of Sikhs.

1674 Forces led by Shivaji defeat Aurangzeb's troops, and establishes Maratha Empire.

1675Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of Sikhs is executed in Delhi by the order of Aurangzebfor his support for the Kashmiri Hindus to practice their religion.Guru Gobind Singh becomes

tenth Guru of Sikhs.

1680Shivaji dies of fever at Raigad.

Sambhaji becomes 2nd Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire

1681 Aurangzeb invades the Deccan

1689 March Chatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj dies.

1696 Danish India (to 1869)

1699Guru Gobind Singh, the 10th Guru of Sikhs creates Khalsa, the saint-soldier at Anandpur

Sahib, Punjab.

1700 2 March Rajaram Chhatrapati dies

18th century

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Year Date Event

1705 Mughal army arrested for the act.

1707 Death of Aurangzeb the mughal emperor.

1708 Guru Granth Sahib becomes Guru of Sikhs.

1721

March -October

Attingal Outbreak takes place

13–14November

Madras cyclone occurs

1749The Maratha Peshwa (prime minister) usurps the Maratha kingdom, starting a new dynastic

rule based in Pune.

1757 Battle of Plassey

Company rule in India (to 1858)

1759 French India (to 1954)

1760 Marathas comprehensively defeat the Nizam, Maratha Empire reaches its zenith.

1761

The Marathas are routed in the Third Battle of Panipat on 14 January 1761, by the Afghans

led by Ahmad Shah Durrani, an ethnic Pashtun, also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali. Thebattle is considered one of the largest battles fought in the 18th century.

1764 Battle of Buxar (British victory against allied Mughal, Bengal and Oudh forces)

1765 Princely states (to 1947)

1767First Anglo-Mysore War begins, in which Haidar Ali of Mysore defeats the combinedarmies of the East India Company, the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad.

1771 Marathas re-captures Delhi and parts of North India.

1772 14 August Ram Mohan Roy Born (to 1833)

1773 Narayanrao Peshwa is murdered by his uncle Raghunathrao's wife in front of Raghunathrao.

Regulating Act of 1773

Warren Hastings appointed as first Governor-General of India

1774Chief Justice of the Maratha Empire, Ram Shastri passes death sentence against the rulingPeshwa Raghunathrao for murdering his nephew.

1775 First Anglo-Maratha War

1779Maratha sardar Mahadji Shinde routs the East India Company army at the Battle ofWadgaon War ends with the restoration of status quo as per Treaty of Salbai.

1780 Second Anglo-Mysore War begins.

1784 Second Anglo-Mysore War ends with the Treaty of Mangalore.

1786 District collectors in Bengal were made responsible for settling the revenue and collecting it.

1789 Third Anglo-Mysore War begins.

1790

The Marathas under Holkar and General de Boigne defeat the Rajputs of Jaipur and

Mughals at the Battle of Patan, where 3000+ Rajput cavalry is killed and the entire Mughalunit vanquished. The defeat crushes Rajput hope of independence from external influence

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1792 Third Anglo-Mysore War ends.

1795 13 August Death of Ahilyabai Holkar

1796 Ching-Thang Khomba moves Manipur's capital to Kangla

1798 Fourth Anglo-Mysore War begins.

1799 Fourth Anglo-Mysore War ends with the death of Tipu Sultan, the victory of the East IndiaCompany, and the restoration of their ally, the Wodeyar dynasty of Mysore.

Polygar War

1800 Death of Nana Fadnavis

19th century

Year Date Event

1801Maharaja Ranjit Singh establishes Khalsa rule of Punjab from Lahore. Khalsa armyliberates Kashmiri Pundits and invades Afghanistan through Khyber Pass.

1803 Second Anglo-Maratha War begins

1805 Second Anglo-Maratha War ends

1806 Vellore Mutiny

1809 East India Company signs the first Treaty of Amritsar with Ranjit Singh

181128October

Death of Yashwantrao Holkar

1814"Atmiya Sabha" Established Later on known as "Prarthana Samaj" By Raja Ram Mohan

Roy

1817

Third Anglo-Maratha War begins

Establishment of Hindu College (Presidency College, now Presidency University, Kolkata)

1818Third Anglo-Maratha War ends with the defeat of Bajirao II and the end of the MarathaEmpire leaving the East India Company with control of almost the whole of India

1820 September Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar is born (to 1891)

1823 Anglo–Burmese Wars (to 1826)

182412February

Dayananda Saraswati is born (to 1883)

1826 British rule in Burma (to 1947)

1836 Sri Ramakrishna Paramhansa is born (to 1886)

1839 First Anglo-Afghan War

1845 First Anglo-Sikh Wars (to 1849)

4November Vasudev Balwant Phadke is born (to 1883)

1853 Started Post Service

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1853 16 April First Railway estalblished between Bombay and Thane

1855 30 June Santhal rebellion

1856 25 July Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856

23 July Bal Gangadhar Tilak is born (to 1920)

20 August Narayana Guru is born (to 1928)

1857 10 May Indian Rebellion of 1857

Established first three University of Mumbai, University of Madras and University ofCalcutta in India

1858 British Raj (to 1947)

7November

Bipin Chandra Pal is born (to 1932)

1859 18 April Death of Tatya Tope

1863 12 January Swami Vivekanand is born (to 1902)

1865 28 January Lala Lajpat Rai is born (to 1928)

1867 "Prarthana Samaj" Established Earlier known as "Atmiya Sabha"

1869

Mahatma Gandhi is born (to 1948)

Thakkar Bapa is Born (to 1951)

1875 "Arya Samaj" Established

Aligarh Muslim University

Deccan Riots

1877 January Delhi Durbar First time

188528

DecemberIndian National Congress Established[14]

18893December

Khudiram Bose is born (to 1908)

1891 14 April B. R. Ambedkar is born (to 1956)

1897 23 January Subhas Chandra Bose is born (to 1945)

20th century

Year Date Event

1902 Anushilan Samiti, organized revolutionary association formed.

1903 British Expedition to Tibet

Delhi Durbar Second Time.

1905 Partition of Bengal

1906 Jugantar formed.

30 Muslim League formed in Dacca.

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December

1909 Morley-Minto Reforms

1911 Cancellation of Partition of Bengal

Delhi Durbar Third Time

1911 12

DecemberBritish government change capital city from Calcutta to Delhi.[15]

1912 Delhi conspiracy case

1913 Gadar Party formed.

Rabindranath Tagore won Nobel Prize in Literature

1914 Hindu–German Conspiracy

1915 Ghadar conspiracy

Provisional Government of India formed in Kabul.

Mahatma Gandhi returns to India.

1916 Lucknow Pact

1917 Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha

1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre

Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms

Rowlatt Act is passed

1920 Non-cooperation movement Khilafat Movement

1924 Hindustan Socialist Republican Association is formed

1925 Kakori conspiracy

1927 November Simon Commission

1928 Bardoli Satyagraha

1929 Central Assembly Bombed by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt.

Purna Swaraj resolution.

1930 Salt Satyagraha

Round Table Conferences (India) First

civil disobedience movement

1931 March Gandhi–Irwin Pact

23 March Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev Martyred

September–December

Round Table Conferences (India) Second

1932 24September

Poona Pact

4 August Communal Award

November–December Round Table Conferences (India) Third

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1935 August Government of India Act 1935

1939 All India Forward Bloc Established by Subhas Chandra Bose

1940 Lahore Resolution

8 August August offer 1940

1942 Quit India Movement

Late March Cripps' mission

August Indian National Army Established by Subhas Chandra Bose

1943 Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind, the Provisional Government of Free India formed by Netaji.

1944 Subhas Chandra Bose calls Mahatma Gandhi as the Father of the Nation.

1946 February Royal Indian Navy Mutiny

March Cabinet Mission

16 August Direct Action Day/Great Calcutta Killings

1947 July Indian Independence Act 1947 by British Raj.

Partition of India and Pakistan becomes an independent state on 14 August 1947.[14]

Freedom from British Raj.

Hundreds of thousands die in widespread communal bloodshed after partition. (to 1948)

1948 30 January Mahatma Gandhi assassinated by a right wing Hindu nationalist Nathuram Godse.

War with Pakistan over disputed territory of Kashmir.

Telangana and other princely states integrated in Indian union

1950 26 January India became Republic.

1951Congress Party wins first general elections under leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru. (to1952)

1962 war over disputed territory of Kashmir [14] with China.

India won Diu, Daman and Goa from Portuguese India.

1964 Death of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.

1965 Second war with Pakistan over Kashmir.

1966 Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi becomes prime minister.

1971 Third war with Pakistan over creation of Bangladesh, formerly East Pakistan.

Twenty-year treaty of friendship signed with Soviet Union.

1974 India explodes first nuclear device in underground test.

1975 Indira Gandhi declares state of emergency after being found guilty of electoral malpractice.

Nearly 1,000 political opponents imprisoned and programme of compulsory birth control

introduced. (to 1977)

1977Indira Gandhi's Congress Party loses general elections. Janata Party comes to

power.Communist party of India comes into power in West Bengal.

1979 Janata Party Splits. Chaudhary Charan Singh becomes Prime Minister.

1980 Indira Gandhi returns to power heading Congress party splinter group, Congress (Indira).

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1983N. T. Rama Rao NTR's 9 month old Telugu Desam Comes in to Power in AP marks a

new Challenger post Loknayak Jayprakash Narayan against Indira

1984 Troops storm Golden Temple - Sikhs' most holy shrine - to flush out Sikh militants

pressing for self-rule, called Operation Blue Star. "Anti-Sikh Riots 1984".

Indira Gandhi assassinated by Sikh bodyguards, following which her son, Rajiv, takesover.

Many Sikhs were killed due to the assassination of Indira Gandhi, and the government didnot do anything. see 1984 anti-Sikh riots.

1987 India deploys troops for peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict.

1989 Falling public support leads to Congress defeat in general election.

1989National Front (India) Headed by N. T. Rama Rao and led by Janata party formed andstormed into power with outside support from BJP and CPI.

1990 Muslim separatist groups begin campaign of violence in Kashmir.

1991 Rajiv Gandhi assassinated by suicide bomber sympathetic to Sri Lanka's Tamil Tigers.

Economic reform programme begun by Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao.

1992 Hindu extremists demolish mosque in Ayodhya, triggering widespread Hindu-Muslim

violence.

Over 200 people die in Cuttack in Odisha, after drinking illegally brewed liquor in the

1992 Odisha liquor deaths incident.

1995 JulyWest Bengal Chief Minister Jyoti Basu made the first call from Kolkata to inaugurate thecellular services in India

1996Congress suffers worst ever electoral defeat as Hindu nationalist BJP emerges as largestsingle party.

1996 AugustThe Amarnath Yatra tragedy in which at least 194 pilgrims are reported to have frozen to

death in northern Kashmir after being stranded by violent rain and snow storms.

1998 BJP forms coalition government under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

India carries out nuclear tests, leading to widespread international condemnation.

1999February

Vajpayee makes historic bus trip to Pakistan to meet Premier Nawaz Sharif and to signbilateral Lahore peace declaration.

MayTension in Kashmir leads to brief war with Pakistan-backed forces in the icy heights

around Kargil in Indian-held Kashmir.

October Cyclone devastates eastern state of Odisha, leaving at least 10,000 dead.

2000 March US President Bill Clinton makes a groundbreaking visit to improve ties.

May India marks the birth of its billionth citizen.

21st century

Year Date Event

2001 A high-powered rocket is launched, adding India to the club of countries able to fire big

satellites deep into space.

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January Massive earthquakes hit the western state of Gujarat, leaving at least 30,000 dead.

July

Vajpayee meets Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf in the first summit between the two

neighbours in more than two years. The meeting ends without a breakthrough or even a jointstatement because of differences over Kashmir.

JulyVajpayee's BJP party declines his offer to resign over a number of political scandals and the

apparent failure of his talks with Pakistani President Musharraf.

September

US lifts sanctions which it imposed against India and Pakistan after they staged nuclear tests

in 1998. The move is seen as a reward for their support for the US-led anti-terrorcampaign.

OctoberIndia fires on Pakistani military posts in the heaviest firing along the dividing line of control in

Kashmir for almost a year.(NO reference)

DecemberSuicide squad attacks parliament in New Delhi, killing several police. The five gunmen die inthe assault.

DecemberIndia imposes sanctions against Pakistan, to force it to take action against two Kashmirmilitant groups blamed for the suicide attack on parliament. Pakistan retaliates with similar

sanctions, and bans the groups in January.

December India, Pakistan mass troops on common border amid mounting fears of a looming war.

2002 War of words between Indian and Pakistani leaders intensifies. Actual war seems imminent.

JanuaryIndia successfully test-fires a nuclear-capable ballistic missile - the Agni - off its eastern

coast.

February

Inter-religious bloodshed breaks out after 59 Hindu pilgrims returning from Ayodhya are

killed in a train fire in Godhra, Gujarat. More than 1,000 people, mainly Muslims, die insubsequent riots. (Police and officials blamed the fire on a Muslim mob; a 2005 governmentinvestigation said it was an accident.)

MayPakistan test-fires three medium-range surface-to-surface Ghauri missiles, which arecapable of carrying nuclear warheads.

JuneUK, US urge their citizens to leave India and Pakistan, while maintaining diplomatic

offensive to avert war.

JulyRetired scientist and architect of India's missile programme A.P.J. Abdul Kalam is elected

president.

2003 August At least 50 people are killed in two simultaneous bomb blasts in Bombay.

November India matches Pakistan's declaration of a Kashmir ceasefire.

December India, Pakistan agree to resume direct air links and to allow overflights.

2004 January Groundbreaking meeting is held between government and moderate Kashmir separatists.

MaySurprise victory for Congress Party in general elections. Manmohan Singh is sworn in asprime minister.

SeptemberIndia, along with Brazil, Germany and Japan, launches an application for a permanent seat

on the UN Security Council.

November India begins to withdraw some of its troops from Kashmir.

Thousands are killed when tsunami tidal waves, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean

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December earthquake off the Indonesian coast, devastate coastal communities in the south and in theAndaman and Nicobar Islands.

2005July

More than 1,000 people are killed in floods and landslides caused by monsoon rains inMumbai (Bombay) and Maharashtra region.

8 OctoberAn earthquake, with its epicentre in Pakistani-administered Kashmir, kills more than 1,000

people in Indian-administered Kashmir.

2006February

India's largest-ever rural jobs scheme is launched, aimed at lifting around 60 million familiesout of poverty.

MarchUS and India sign a nuclear agreement during a visit by US President George W Bush. TheUS gives India access to civilian nuclear technology while India agrees to greater scrutiny

for its nuclear programme.

2007 February India and Pakistan sign an agreement aimed at reducing the risk of accidental nuclear war.

18

February

68 passengers, most of them Pakistanis, are killed by bomb blasts and a blaze on a train

travelling from New Delhi to the Pakistani city of Lahore.

March Maoist rebels in Chhattisgarh state kill more than 50 policemen in a dawn attack.

April India's first commercial space rocket is launched, carrying an Italian satellite.

MayGovernment announces its strongest economic growth figures for 20 years - 9.4% in the

year to March.

MayAt least nine people are killed in a bomb explosion at the main mosque in Hyderabad.

Several others are killed in subsequent rioting.

JulyIndia says the number of its people with HIV or AIDS is about half of earlier official tallies.Health ministry figures put the total at between 2 million and 3.1 million cases, compared

with previous estimates of more than 5 million.

July Pratibha Patil becomes first woman to be elected president of India.

2008July

Series of explosions kills 49 in Ahmedabad, in Gujarat state. The little-known group Indian

Mujahideen claims responsibility.

OctoberFollowing approval by the US Congress, President George W Bush signs into law a nucleardeal with India, which ends a three-decade ban on US nuclear trade with Delhi.

OctoberIndia successfully launches its first mission to the moon, the unmanned lunar probeChandrayaan-1.

November

Nearly 200 people are killed and hundreds injured in a series of coordinated attacks by

gunmen on the main tourist and business area of India's financial capital Mumbai. Indiablames militants from Pakistan for the attacks and demands that Islamabad take strong

action against those responsible.

DecemberIndia announces "pause" in peace process with Pakistan. Indian cricket team cancelsplanned tour of Pakistan.

2009February

India and Russia sign deals worth $700 million, according to which Moscow will supplyuranium to Delhi.

April Trial of sole surviving suspect in Mumbai attacks begins.

May

Resounding general election victory gives governing Congress-led alliance of PM

Manmohan Singh an enhanced position in parliament, only 11 seats short of an absolutemajority.

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July Delhi court decriminalizes gay sex

2010February

16 people are killed in a bomb explosion at German Bakery in the city of Pune,Maharashtra.

MaySurviving gunman of 2008 Mumbai attacks is convicted of murder, possession of explosivesand waging war

2011May

After 34 years of Left Front Government, Trinamool Congress and Congress alliance cometo power in West Bengal

2012 July Pranab Mukherjee, the former Finance Minister is elected as the 13th president of India.

NovemberAjmal Kasab the lone surviving gunman of 2008 Mumbai attacks is hanged on 21November 2012 at 7:30 in at Yerwada Jail.

2013 12February

Indian helicopter bribery scandal comes to light.

21February Terror attacks on Hyderabad in Dilsukhnagar area.

5November

Mars Orbiter Mission, is successfully launched into Earth orbit by the Indian Space

Research Organisation (ISRO).[16][17][18]

2014

See also

Timeline of Mumbai historyTimeline of AhmedabadChronology of Tamil historyTimeline of Buddhism (563 BCE – present)

Timeline of Ayyavazhi historyTimeline of JainismSikh Gurus (1469–1666)History of cricket (1066–present)

Hindu units of timeTamil units of measurement

References

1. ^ Mudur, G.S (21 March 2005). "Still a mystery"(http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050321/asp/knowhow/story_4481256.asp). KnowHow (The Telegraph).Retrieved 2007-05-07.

2. ^ "The Hathnora Skull Fossil from Madhya Pradesh, India"(https://web.archive.org/web/20070619031729/http://www.gsi.gov.in/homonag.htm). Multi DisciplinaryGeoscientific Studies. Geological Survey of India. 20 September 2005. Archived from the original(http://www.gsi.gov.in/homonag.htm) on 19 June 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-07.

3. ^ "Palaeolithic and Pleistocene of Pakistan" (http://www.shef.ac.uk/archaeology/research/pakistan).Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield. Retrieved 2007-12-01.

4. ^ Murray, Tim (1999). Time and archaeology (http://books.google.com/?id=k3z9iXo_Uq8C&pg=PP3&dq=%22Time+and+Archaeology%22). London; New York: Routledge. p. 84.ISBN 0-415-11762-3.

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External links

Sengupta, P.C. "Ancient Indian Chronology". Calcutta: University of Calcutta Press. 1947.Timeline of the History of India via Nehru's The Discovery of India and Benegal's Bharat Ek Khoj(http://refocusindia.com)BBC India Timeline (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/1155813.stm)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Indian_history&oldid=604992910"

Categories: History of India Indian history timelines Indian timelines

5. ^ Rendell, H. R.; Dennell, R. W.; Halim, M. (1989). Pleistocene and Palaeolithic Investigations in the SoanValley, Northern Pakistan. British Archaeological Reports International Series. Cambridge University Press.p. 364. ISBN 0-86054-691-8. OCLC 29222688 (//www.worldcat.org/oclc/29222688).

6. ^ Parth R. Chauhan. Distribution of Acheulian sites in the Siwalik region(http://www.assemblage.group.shef.ac.uk/issue7/chauhan.html#distribution). An Overview of the SiwalikAcheulian & Reconsidering Its Chronological Relationship with the Soanian – A Theoretical Perspective.

7. ^ Is the Soanian techno-complex a Mode 1 or Mode 3 phenomenon? A morphometric assessment(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WH8-4MMP62G-1&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1117498661&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=a53c5f91c02c446c7398bd50920a5c65)

8. ^ Distribution of Acheulian sites in the Siwalik region(http://www.assemblage.group.shef.ac.uk/issue7/chauhan.html#distribution)

9. ^ M.E. Sharpe (1995). Toward Sustainable Development?: Struggling Over India's Narmada River. p. 54.ISBN 9781563243417.

10. ^ Klaus K. Klostermaier (1989), A survey of Hinduism (http://books.google.com/books?id=ltn3OuF_i4sC),SUNY Press, ISBN 0-88706-807-3, "... prehistoric cave paintings at Bhimbetka (ca. 30000 BCE) ..."

11. ^ Coppa, A.; Bondioli, L; Cucina, A; Frayer, D. W.; Jarrige, C.; Jarrige, J. F.; Quivron, G; Rossi, M.; Vidale,M; Macchiarelli, R. (6 April 2006). "Palaeontology: Early Neolithic tradition of dentistry"

(http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v440/n7085/pdf/440755a.pdf) (PDF). Nature 440 (7085): 755–756.doi:10.1038/440755a (http://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F440755a). PMID 16598247(//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16598247). Retrieved 2007-11-22.

12. ^ Possehl, G. L. (October 1990). "Revolution in the Urban Revolution: The Emergence of Indus Urbanisation"

(http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/toc/anthro/19/1?cookieSet=1). Annual Review of Anthropology 19 (1):261–282. doi:10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001401(http://dx.doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.an.19.100190.001401). Retrieved 2007-05-06.

13. ^ Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark; Heuston, Kimberley (May 2005). The Ancient South Asian World(http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryWorld/Ancient/Other/~~/dmlldz11c2EmY2k9OTc4MDE5NTE3NDIyOQ==). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-517422-4. OCLC 56413341(//www.worldcat.org/oclc/56413341).

14. ̂a b c "BBC News - India profile - Timeline" (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12641776).Retrieved 27 November 2013.

15. ^ "India’s capital is moved from Calcutta to New Delhi on 12 December 1911"(http://famousdaily.com/history/indias-capital-moved-from-calcutta-to-new-delhi.html). 12 December 2012.Retrieved 25 February 2014.

16. ^ Walton, Zach (15 August 2012). "India Announces Mars Mission One Week After Curiosity Landing"(http://www.webpronews.com/india-announces-mars-mission-one-week-after-curiosity-landing-2012-08). WebPro News. Retrieved 8 September 2013.

17. ^ Staff (15 August 2012). "Manmohan Singh formally announces India's Mars mission"(http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/article3775271.ece). The Hindu. Retrieved 31 August 2012.

18. ^ Bal, Hartosh Singh (30 August 2012). "BRICS in Space" (http://latitude.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/30/india-and-china-race-to-send-a-mission-to-mars/). New York Times. Retrieved 31 August 2012.

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