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While Earthtravels through Space

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it Absorbs Energy from the Sun

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This natural Energy Collection and StorageSystem captures nearly 50% of the Solar

Energy falling on Earth

thus maintaining a nearly ConstantTemperature throughout the year just below the

surface

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Water is an incredibly efficient mediumfor transporting Thermal Energy

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Geothermal Heat Pump Systemscombine Sun, Earth, and Water using proven technology

to create the most energy-efficient,environmentally clean, and cost-effective

space-conditioning system(according to U.S. EPA 1993)

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Geothermal Heat PumpBasic Principles

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The Earth is the Source of Heat in Winter

Outdoor air design temperature:5F in winter

72F

60F

Insulating layer of earth

A geothermal heat pump takes heat from the earthduring winter and transfers it into the building

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and an Efficient Place toReject Heat in Summer

Outdoor air design temperature:100F in summer

74F

60F

Insulating layer of earth

A geothermal heat pump cools the building insummer by rejecting heat into the earth

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A geothermal heat pump isconnected to a sealed water

piping loop buried in the earthnear the building

When water exiting the heatpump is pumped through theground loop, it is naturallywarmed (or cooled) by the earthsurrounding it

Insulating layer of earth

using Heat Pump Technology

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Geothermal Heat Pump Efficiency

One unit of energyfrom the grid

Plus:4 units of energy

from the earth

Yields:5 units of energy

for the building

500% Efficient

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Air In70 F

Air Out100 F

Water Out44 F

Water In

50 F

Compressor

Fan

Water Coil

Air Coil

ReversingValve

Expans ionValve

Geothermal Heat PumpsExchange Heat between Air and Water

$1 Worth of Electricity toOperate the Compressor

and Fan

Moves $4 Worth of Heatfrom the Water

Delivering $5 Worth of Heat into the Air

Heating Mode Shown

Heat can be pumped uphillmeaning delivered at a higher temperature than the source

$4$4

$1$1

$5$5

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Geothermal Heat PumpsHeat or Cool on Demand and also

Produce Hot Water

Operates on the SamePrinciple as a Refrigerator

Cooling Mode Shown

160F

Air In80 F

Air Out58 F

Water Out80 F

Water In

70 F

Compressor

Fan

Water Coil

Air Coil

ReversingValve

ExpansionValve

HW

In90 F

HW

Out120 F

Hot water is producedwhenever the unit is operating

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Heat Pumps Are All Around UsAir conditioners and air-source heat pumps transfer heat from inside houses tothe air outside

Refrigerators transfer heat from food intothe kitchen

HEAT

BBB

HEAT

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Geothermal Heat Pumps

Self-containedheating, cooling and

hot water

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Geothermal Heat PumpInstallation Methods

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Vertical Closed-LoopA pair of pipes with a special U-bend assembly at thebottom is placed into bore holes from 100 to 400 feet deep

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Horizontal Closed-Loop A piping array is installed in trenches cut 3 to 5 feetdeep and hundreds of feet in length

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Surface Water Closed-LoopA piping array is submerged in a pond

or lake at least 8 feet deep

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Ground Water Open-LoopWell water from an underground aquifer ispumped through the geothermal heatpump and then returned to the aquifer or

discharged to the surface

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Vertical Closed-Loop Installation

DrillingPipe LoopInsertion Heat Fusing

InsideConnection

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Geothermal systems are at work in thousands of buildings throughout the world

The Oklahoma State Capitol uses over 600 geothermal heat pumps

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Geothermal Hybrid System - Winter

Heat Pump

Water Pump

Earth Loops

Cooling Tower (OFF)

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Geothermal Hybrid System - Summer

Heat Pump

Water Pump

Earth Loops

Cooling Tower (ON)

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Industry377 MMTC

(25%)

Transportation482 MMTC

(32%)

Buildings658 MMTC(43%)

43% of U.S. Carbon Emissions 39% of U.S. Primary Energy Consumption

71% of U.S. Electricity

Global Pressures

53% of U.S. Natural Gas

1970-2020 (Exxon Mobile Projection)

Importance of Buildings Sector

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Electric Utility Perspective

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Garrett Office BuildingsEdmond, Oklahoma

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Conventional Variable Air Volume (VAV) BuildingConventional Variable Air Volume (VAV) Building15,000 Sq. Ft.15,000 Sq. Ft.

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Geothermal BuildingGeothermal Building20,000 Sq. Ft.20,000 Sq. Ft.

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Garrett Office BuildingsGarrett Office BuildingsAnnual Energy and HVAC Maintenance Costs 2006-2007Annual Energy and HVAC Maintenance Costs 2006-2007

-

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

$ p e r

S q u a r e

F o o

t

VAV System Geotherm al

Total

Electricity

Gas

Maintenance

55% Operational Cost Savings55% Operational Cost Savings

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Garrett Office BuildingsGarrett Office BuildingsAnnual Energy Use 2006-2007Annual Energy Use 2006-2007

-

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

k B t u p e r

S q u a r e

F o o t

VAV System Geothermal

Total

Electricity

Gas

47% Site Energy Savings47% Site Energy Savings

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Garrett Office BuildingsGarrett Office BuildingsAnnual COAnnual CO 22 Emissions 2006-2007Emissions 2006-2007

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

L b s .

C O

2 E q u

i v a

l e n

t p e r

S q u a r e

F o o

t

VAV System Geothermal

Gas

Electricity

28% Carbon Emissions Reduction28% Carbon Emissions Reduction

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0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Jul-06 Aug-06 Sep-06 Oct-06 Nov-06 Dec-06 Jan-07 Feb-07 Mar-07 Apr-07 May-07 Jun-07

k B t u p e r

S q u a r e

F o o t

VAV System

Geothermal

Garrett Office BuildingsMonthly Energy Use

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2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

Jul-06 Aug-06 Se p-06 Oct-06 Nov-06 De c-06 Jan-07 Fe b-07 M ar-07 Apr-07 M ay-07 Jun-07

W a t

t s p e r

S q u a r e

F o o

t

VAV System

Geothermal

Garrett Office BuildingsMonthly Peak Demand

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20

30

40

50

60

70

Jul-06 Aug-06 Se p-06 Oct-06 Nov-06 De c-06 Jan-07 Fe b-07 Mar -07 Apr-07 M ay-07 Jun-07

L o a

d F a c

t o r

VAV System

Geothermal

Garrett Office BuildingsMonthly Electricity Supply Load Factor

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Geothermal Perf in FL Schools

Arnold$0.91

Mosley$1.68

Bozeman$2.27

Bay Haven$0.73

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

Cost per Square Foot

Arnold Mosley Bozeman Bay Haven Washington

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0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

2006June

2006May

2006Apr

2006Mar

2006Feb

2006Jan

2005Dec

2005Nov

2005Oct

2005Sept

2005Aug

2005July

Arnold Mosley Bozeman Bay Haven Washington

* Arnold High School - Closed Loop Geothermal System (completed Aug, 2000)Mosley High School - Gas Boiler/Chiller System (Updated w/ new equipment 1996)

Bay Haven Charter School Closed Geo SystemBozeman Learning Center-All Electric-Gulf Coast Co-OpWashington Co. Includes Rouhlac Middle School & Chipley High School Open Geo System

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Our Planet Is Under AssaultFrom Many Forces Our Planet isunder Assault

from manyForces

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There Are Many Solutions

There are ManySolutions

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Geothermal Heat Pumpsare one of the Most Effectiveand Deployable

producing the lowest carbon dioxideemissions, including all source effects, of all available space-conditioning technologies

(EPA, 1993)

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The payback on

Geothermal Systemsis many times faster

than solar PV

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Using a Single Geothermal Heat Pump

is Equivalent toPlanting an Acre of Trees

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Using A Single Geothermal Heat Pump

Is Equivalent toTaking Two Cars off the Road

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Since their introduction inthe 1980s, nearly 1 million

Geothermal Heat Pumps have beeninstalled in the United States

This is the equivalent toplanting 1 million acres of trees,

and of taking Two Millioncars off the road