Today’s Agenda n How to Give an Argumentative Speech.

Today’s AgendaToday’s AgendaToday’s AgendaToday’s AgendaHow to Give an How to Give an

Argumentative SpeechArgumentative Speech

Framing the Argumentative SpeechFraming the Argumentative SpeechFraming the Argumentative SpeechFraming the Argumentative Speech

Time limit: six minutes maximum Time limit: six minutes maximum Evaluation: outline graded by instructor;Evaluation: outline graded by instructor;

Feedback on oral performance by class in Feedback on oral performance by class in small groupssmall groups

Instructor Evaluation SheetInstructor Evaluation Sheet

Topic SelectionTopic SelectionTopic SelectionTopic Selection Choose a topic of interest to youChoose a topic of interest to you Phrase the proposition as a Phrase the proposition as a

proposition of policy according to proposition of policy according to the standards covered in classthe standards covered in class

Ten Commandments of Speech Ten Commandments of Speech PreparationPreparation


Thou shalt state the proposition

Title Title

PropositionProposition

John Doe A Chance for Education

Proposition: Resolved: that the federal government should pay for higher education for all qualified high school graduates.

A Sample OutlineA Sample OutlineA Sample OutlineA Sample Outline

Remember This Remember This Advice?Advice?

Remember This Remember This Advice?Advice?

Wording Propositions EffectivelyWording Propositions Effectively

Full sentences: Statement, not a question Avoid figurative language One idea at a time Not vague nor general



Thou shalt state the propositionThou shalt present three mainpoints

following stock issues

Title Title


(Need)(Need)

(Inherency)(Inherency)

(Solvency)(Solvency)



I. Denial of opportunities for higher education to qualified high school graduates on the basis of finances is a significant national problem.

II. Present financial aid programs cannot guarantee opportunities for higher education

III. Government financing of higher education would guarantee opportunities for higher education





following stock issuesThou shalt prepare reasons for mainpoints

Title Title


(Need)(Need)





I. Denial of opportunities for higher education to qualified high school graduates on the basis of finances is a significant national problem.


A. Government programs structurally exclude manyB. Burdensome loan programs cannot guarantee higher

education opportunities to all






following stock issuesThou shalt prepare reasons for mainpointsThou shalt prove mainpoints with evidence

Title Title


(Need) (Need)

Evidence Evidence


EvidenceEvidence


EvidenceEvidence



I. Denial of opportunities for higher education to qualified high school graduates on the basis of finances is a significant national problem. --quotation from Newsweek, March 21, 1994




--James Humes-Prof. of Education at USC, Higher Education, September 1983


--quotation from James Froude--Prof. of Public Finance at M.I.T., Financing Education, 1992


Requirement of Quality Evidence and Requirement of Quality Evidence and ArgumentsArguments

Requirement of Quality Evidence and Requirement of Quality Evidence and ArgumentsArguments

Support each main point with evidenceSupport each main point with evidence State: source nameState: source name

qualificationsqualifications

publicationpublication

date date




following stock issuesThou shalt prepare reasons for mainpointsThou shalt prove mainpoints with evidenceThou shalt prepare an introduction

Title Title


Introduction Introduction

(Need) (Need)

Evidence Evidence


EvidenceEvidence


EvidenceEvidence



Intro: story of Heinrich Heine and knowledge I. Denial of opportunities for higher education to qualified high school graduates on the basis of finances is a significant national problem. --quotation from Newsweek, March 21, 1994






--quotation from James Froude--Prof. of Public Finance at M.I.T., Financing Education, 1992




Thou shalt prepare a summary conclusion

Title Title


Introduction Introduction

(Need) (Need)

Evidence Evidence


EvidenceEvidence


EvidenceEvidence SummarySummary



Intro: story of Heinrich Heine and knowledge I. Denial of opportunities for higher education to qualified high school graduates on the basis of finances is a significant national problem.

--quotation from Newsweek, March 21, 1994






--quotation from James Froude--Prof. of Public Finance at M.I.T., Financing Education, 1992Summary Conclusion




Thou shalt prepare a summary conclusionThou shalt preview mainpoints

Title Title


Introduction Introduction Preview Preview (Need)(Need)

Evidence Evidence


EvidenceEvidence





Intro: story of Heinrich Heine and knowledge (Preview all mainpoints) I. Denial of opportunities for higher education to qualified high school graduates on the basis of finances is a significant national problem.

--quotation from Newsweek, March 21, 1994










Thou shalt prepare a summary conclusionThou shalt preview mainpointsThou shalt present transitions between

mainpoints

Title Title


Introduction Introduction Preview Preview (Need)(Need)

Evidence Evidence

Transition Transition (Inherency)(Inherency)

EvidenceEvidence



TransitionTransition



Intro: story of Heinrich Heine and knowledge (Preview all mainpoints) I. Denial of opportunities for higher education to qualified high school graduates on the basis of finances is a significant national problem.

--quotation from Newsweek, March 21, 1994 (transition)II. Present financial aid programs cannot guarantee opportunities for higher education



--James Humes-Prof. of Education at USC, Higher Education, September 1983(transition)III. Government financing of higher education would guarantee opportunities for higher education






mainpointsThou shalt speak from notecards


Intro: story of Heinrich Heine and knowledge

(Preview all mainpoints) I. Denial of opportunities for higher education to qualified high school graduates on the basis of finances is a significant national problem.

(transition)II. Present financial aid programs cannot guarantee opportunities for higher education

A. Government programs structurally exclude many

B. Burdensome loan programs cannot guarantee higher education opportunities to all

(transition)III. Government financing of higher education would guarantee opportunities for higher education

Summary Conclusion

John Doe According to the lead editorial appearing in the March 21, 1994 issue of Newsweek, “Increases in college costs have become so extreme that at least one-third of qualified high school graduates cannot attend college due to lack of money. In the future, this uneducated group may well be a drain on the economy as a whole.”

James Humes, Prof. of Education at USC, published his research on the subject in the professional journal, Higher Education, in September 1983. He concluded: “Loan programs do not encourage students to attend college since the high financial burdens they place on students seem to put college opportunities beyond any but those whose careers are the very highest paid.”

Writing in his 1992 book Financing Education, James Froude--Prof. of Public Finance at M.I.T., explained: “Careful examination of state finances and the likely prospects for private programs to expand convincingly reveal that only the federal government is in a position to assure access to college to all qualified high school graduates.”


Intro: story of Heinrich Heine and knowledge

(Preview all mainpoints)I. Denial of opportunities for higher education to qualified high school graduates on the basis of finances is a significant national problem.

(transition)II. Present financial aid programs cannot guarantee opportunities for higher education A. Government programs structurally exclude many B. Burdensome loan programs cannot guarantee higher education opportunities to all

(transition)III. Government financing of higher education would guarantee opportunities for higher education

Summary Conclusion



Wrriting in his 1992 book Financing Education, James Froude--Prof. of Public Finance at M.I.T., explained: “Careful examination of state finances and the likely prospects for private programs to expand convincingly reveal that only the federal government is in a position to assure access to college to all qualified high school graduates.”



Wrriting in his 1992 book Financing Education, James Froude--Prof. of Public Finance at M.I.T., explained: “Careful examination of state finances and the likely prospects for private programs to expand convincingly reveal that only the federal government is in a position to assure access to college to all qualified high school graduates.”




mainpointsThou shalt speak from notecardsThou shalt prepare orally

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Today’s Agenda n How to Give an Argumentative Speech.

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