TODAY’S TONGUE TWISTER!~

Four furious friends fought

for the phone.

Sherlock Holmes

LOGIC

Reasoning

Logic

Deductive

Abductive

Inductive

Reasoning

Logic

Deductive

Abductive

Inductive

M

Reasoning

Logic

Deductive

Abductive

Inductive

DEDUCTION

The process of reasoning from general statements (premises) to reach a logically certain conclusion.

DEDUCTION

i. All men are mortals.ii. Socrates is a man.// Socrates is mortal.

DEDUCTION

i. All squares are rectangles.

ii. Rectangles have four sides.

// All squares have four sides.

Reasoning

Logic

Deductive

Abductive

Inductive

INDUCTION

The process of reasoning from evidence to a logically probable conclusion.

INDUCTION

i. We’ve only seen black dogs today.

// The next dog we see will be black.

ii. 3,6,9,12,15…// The next number will be 18

INDUCTION VS. DEDUCTION

What is so different between the two?

Inductive reasoning:• …tries to conclude with probability.• …generally takes a bottom-up approach.

• …takes evidence and seeks a theory to explain the observations.

Deductive reasoning:• …tries to conclude with necessity.• …generally takes a top-down approach.

• …takes conclusions and seeks evidence to support the conclusion.

?S

RIDDLES

I will create 2 teams.Use the clues to solve the riddle.If a member of your team solves the riddle, your team gets 5 points.

RULES

Raise your hand when you have a guess.Your team does not lose points for incorrect guesses.If your team breaks a class rule, you forfeit (lose) 5 points.

1ST RIDDLE

1. I am not a bird, but I can fly.

2. I can fly even though I am blind.

3. I am not deaf and I am dark-

skinned.

4. I sleep upside down.

YOU’RE PROBABLY …….

BBBBBBBBB

Bat

2ND RIDDLE

1. I’m yellow and round.2. I’m built to bounce.3. I’m furry like a peach, and

you can serve me.4. You hit me with a racquet.

YOU’RE PROBABLY…….

Tennis Ball

3RD RIDDLE

1.I’m found in Africa.

2.I’m striped.

3.I have the first and last letters of

the alphabet in my name.

4.I forage for food.

YOU’RE PROBABLY…….

Tennis Ba

Zebra

4TH RIDDLE

1.I’m in every classroom.

2.I’m hard, but not unbreakable.

3.Sometimes I’m empty, sometimes

I’m full.

4.I have legs, but I’m not a person.

YOU’RE PROBABLY………

Desk

5TH RIDDLE

1.I’m the world’s sixth largest country by area.

2.My government is a constitutional

monarchy.

3.The Great Barrier Reef is close to my north

east coast.

4.My name starts and ends with the same

letter.

YOU’RE PROBABLY ………

6TH RIDDLE

1.Sometimes I’m flat and sometimes

I’m round.

2.I can be many colors.

3.Sometimes I squeal and sometimes I

pop.

4.I can fly but I’m not a bird.

YOU’RE PROBABLY ………

Balloon

REMEMBER… DEDUCTION

i. All men are mortals.ii. Socrates is a man.// Socrates is mortal.

DEDUCTION

Find the necessary conclusion.

For this quiz, use “Must be”

or

“Must not be”

REMEMBER… DEDUCTION

i. All men are mortals.ii. Socrates is a man.// Socrates must be mortal.

DEDUCTIVE REASONING

1.Robert is studying to be a

doctor.

2.All doctors go to medical

school.

//…

ROBERT MUST BE STUDYING IN MEDICAL

SCHOOL.

DEDUCTIVE REASONING

1.The cloud is white.

2.White things are not red.

//…

THE CLOUD MUST NOT BE RED.

DEDUCTIVE REASONING

1.Every day, Bill leaves for work at 7:30.

2.It takes him 30 minutes to get to work.

3.On Mondays, it takes 10 minutes longer

than usual.

4.Every Wednesday Bill is late for work.

5.Today is Wednesday.

//…

BILL MUST BE LATE FOR WORK.

DEDUCTIVE REASONING

1.Every Saturday afternoon, I go

see a movie.

2.I only watch dramas on

weekends.

3.Today I saw an action movie.

//…

TODAY MUST NOT BE THE WEEKEND.

Induction• The process of reasoning from

evidence to a logically probable conclusion.

Deduction• The process of reasoning from

general statements (premises) to reach a logically certain

conclusion.

-- Albert Einstein