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Information
Toyota Motor Corporation (Japanese:Toyota Jidsha KK?,IPA: [to jota] ) TYO: 7203, LSE: TYT, NYSE: TM, commonly known simply as Toyota
and abbreviated as TMC, is a multinational automaker headquartered in Toyota, Aichi,
Japan. In 2010, Toyota Motor Corporation employed 317,734 people worldwide, and wasthe world's largest automobile manufacturer by production.
The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937 as a spinoff from his father'scompany Toyota Industries to create automobiles. Three years earlier, in 1934, while still
a department of Toyota Industries, it created its first product, the Type A engine, and, in
1936, its first passenger car, the Toyota AA. Toyota Motor Corporation group companies
are Toyota (including the Scion brand), Lexus, Daihatsu and Hino Motors, along withseveral "non-automotive" companies.TMC is part of the Toyota Group, one of the largest
conglomerates in the world.
History
n 1924 Sakichi Toyoda invented the Toyoda Model G Automatic Loom. The principle ofJidoka, which means that the machine stops itself when a problem occurs, became later a
part of the Toyota Production System. Looms were built on a smallproduction line. In
1929, the patent for the automatic loom was sold to a British company, generating thestarting capital for the automobile development.[13]
Toyoda Standard Sedan AA 1936
Vehicles were originally sold under the name "Toyoda" (), from the family nameof the company's founder, Kiichir Toyoda. In April 1936, Toyoda's first passenger car,
the Model AA was completed. The sales price was 3,350 yen, 400 yen cheaper than Ford
or GM cars.[14]
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House of Toyota founder Kiichiro Toyoda, near Toyota City [15]
In September 1936, the company ran a public competition to design a new logo. Out of27,000 entries the winning entry was the three Japanesekatakanaletters for "Toyoda" in a
circle. But Risabur Toyoda, who had married into the family and was not born with that
name, preferred "Toyota" () because it took eight brush strokes (a fortuitousnumber) to write in Japanese, was visually simpler (leaving off the diacriticat the end)
and with a voiceless consonant instead of a voiced one (voiced consonants are considered
to have a "murky" or "muddy" sound compared to voiceless consonants, which are"clear").
Inside the house of Toyota founder Kiichiro Toyoda, near Toyota City
Since "Toyoda" literally means "fertile rice paddies", changing the name also prevented
the company being associated with old-fashioned farming. The newly formed word wastrademarked and the company was registered in August 1937 as the "Toyota Motor
Company".[16][17][18]
1st generation Toyopet Crown Model RSD (1955/1 1958/10)
From September 1947, Toyota's small-sized vehicles were sold under the name "Toyopet"
().[19] The first vehicle sold under this name was the Toyopet SA[20] but it also
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included vehicles such as the Toyopet SB light truck, Toyopet Stoutlight truck,[21]
Toyopet Crown and the Toyopet Corona. However, when Toyota eventually entered the
American market in 1957 with the Crown, the name was not well received due toconnotations of toys and pets.[22] The name was soon dropped for the American market
but continued in other markets until the mid 1960s.
With over 30 million sold, the Corollais one of the most popular and best selling cars in
the world.
The Toyota Motor Company received its first Japanese Quality Control Award at the start
of the 1980s and began participating in a wide variety ofmotorsports. Due to the1973 oilcrisis, consumers in the lucrative US market began turning to small cars with better fuel
economy. American car manufacturers had considered small economy cars to be an
"entry level" product, and their small vehicles employed a low level of quality in order tokeep the price low.
By the early sixties, the US had begun placing stiff import tariffs on certain vehicles. The
Chicken tax of 1964 placed a 25% tax on imported light trucks.[23]In response to the
tariff, Toyota,Nissan Motor Co. and Honda Motor Co. began building plants in the USby the early eighties.[23]
In 1982, the Toyota Motor Company and Toyota Motor Sales merged into one company,the Toyota Motor Corporation. Two years later, Toyota entered into a joint venture with
General Motors calledNUMMI, theNew United Motor Manufacturing, Inc, operating anautomobile-manufacturing plant in Fremont, California. The factory was an old General
Motors plant that had been closed for two years. Toyota then started to establish new
brands at the end of the 1980s, with the launch of their luxury division Lexusin 1989.
In the 1990s, Toyota began to branch out from producing mostly compact cars by addingmany larger and more luxurious vehicles to its lineup, including a full-sized pickup, the
T100 (and later the Tundra); several lines of SUVs; a sport version of the Camry, known
as the Camry Solara; and the Scion brand, a group of several affordable, yet sporty,
automobiles targeted specifically to young adults. Toyota also began production of theworld's best-selling hybrid car, the Prius, in 1997.
With a major presence in Europe, due to the success ofToyota Team Europe, the
corporation decided to set up TMME,Toyota Motor Europe Marketing & Engineering, tohelp market vehicles in the continent. Two years later, Toyota set up a base in the United
Kingdom, TMUK, as the company's cars had become very popular among British drivers.
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Bases in Indiana,Virginia and Tianjin were also set up. In 1999, the company decided to
list itself on theNew YorkandLondon Stock Exchanges.
In 2001, Toyota's Toyo Trust and Banking merged with two other banks to form UFJBank, which was accused of corruption by the Japan's government for making bad loans
to alleged Yakuza crime syndicates with executives accused of blocking FinancialService Agency inspections.[24]The UFJ was listed amongFortune Magazine's largest
money-losing corporations in the world, with Toyota's chairman serving as a director.[25]
At the time, the UFJ was one of the largest shareholders of Toyota. As a result of Japan's
banking crisis, UFJ merged with the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi to become the Mitsubishi
UFJ Financial Group.
In 2002, Toyota managed to enter a Formula One works team and establish joint ventureswith French motoring companies Citron and Peugeot a year after Toyota started
producing cars in France.
Toyota ranked eighth on Forbes 2000 list of the world's leading companies for the year2005[26] but slid to 55 for 2011. The company was number one in global automobile sales
for the first quarter of 2008.
On December 7, 2004, a US press release was issued stating that Toyota would be
offeringSirius Satellite Radios. However, as late as January 27, 2007, Sirius SatelliteRadio and XM Satellite radio kits were not available for Toyota factory radios. While the
press release enumerated nine models, only limited availability existed at the dealer level
in the US. As of 2008, all Toyota and Scion models have either standard or available XM
radio kits. Major Lexus dealerships have been offering satellite radio kits for Lexusvehicles since 2005, in addition to factory-equipped satellite radio models.
In 2007, Toyota released an update of its full size truck, theTundra, produced in two
American factories, one in Texas and one in Indiana. "Motor Trend" named the Tundra"Truck of the Year," and the 2007 Toyota Camry "Car of the Year" for 2007. It also began
the construction of two new factories, one to build the RAV4 in Woodstock, Ontario,
Canada and the other to build the Toyota Prius in Blue Springs, Mississippi, USA. This
plant was originally intended to build the Toyota Highlander, but Toyota decided to usethe plant in Princeto Indiana, USA, instead. The company has also found recent success
with its smaller modelsthe Corolla and Yarisas gasoline prices have risen rapidly in
the last few years.
Marketing
United States advertising slogans
Toyota's marketing efforts in North America have focused on emphasizing the positive
experiences of ownership and vehicle quality.[31] The ownership experience has been
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targeted in slogans such as "You asked for it! You got it!" (19751979), "Oh, what a
feeling!" (1979 September 1985, in the US),[31] "Who could ask for anything more?"
(September 19851989),[32] "I love what you do for me, Toyota!" (19891997),"Everyday" (19972001)", "Get the feeling!" (20012004), and "Moving Forward"
(2004present).[33
products
Toyota etios
Toyota Kirloskar Motor (KTM) launched one of its most innovative creationat an event in Bangalore, Toyota Etios sedan and the hatchback, ToyotaEtios Liva was launched lately. The delivery ofToyota Etios saloonversion started from January 2011. This compact car, Toyota Etios,targets masses in India. As per the company, to develop this people's car,over 2,000 engineers were engaged to give it small size withoutcompromising on the eye-catching interior, power, performance and higher
fuel economy. At the Auto Expo 2010, the company displayed hatchbackand sedan models ofToyota Etios and now finally the saloon version islaunched whereas the hatchback version of Etios named Toyota Etios Livais unveiled. The launch of this hatchback version is planned in the monthof April next year. The company had worked hard to make Toyota Etiosaffordable and wished to use only domestic components for the same.
Toyota has promised to provide world class technology and quality with
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the Toyota Etios. The design concept for the car is Bold Simplicity whichis referred to affordable luxury and functionality in one machine. The carwill have to compete with the likes of Maruti Swift Dzire, Tata Manza andHyundai Accent. The company will produce around 70K units of the carper year. With its small carToyota Etios, the company intends to grab a
10 per cent market share in Indian compact cars segment by the end ofthe current year.
Toyota fortuner
The Toyota Fortuner, also known as the Toyota SW4, is a medium-sized SUV based on
the Toyota Hilux. Originally assembled only in Thailand, but later also in Indonesia and
other countries, the Fortuner is built on the well-established platform of the Toyota Hiluxpickup truck. It features three rows of seats and is available in rear-wheel drive orfour-
wheel driveamong others. The Fortuner is part of Toyota's IMV project in Thailand,
which also includes the Toyota Hilux and the Kijang Innova (in Indonesia). The vehicle
was designed by Toyota Technical Centre Australia.
[2]
A number of engine options areavailable depending on the country of sale, including a 2.7 L 2TR-FE and 4.0 L 1GR-FE
V6 petrol with Variable Valve Timing and 2.5 L 2KD-FTV and 3.0 L 1KD-FTV commonrailvariable geometry turbochargerdiesel models
.
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Trim levels are G and G Luxury forrear-wheel drive diesel and gasoline, and V for 44
Diesel and gasoline. The common rail turbo intercooled diesel has functional scoop on its
hood.
In 2007 Toyota Thailand dropped the 44 gasoline model and replaced it with a two-
wheel drive gasoline version.
This car was the best selling in its category (SUV/PPV) in the Philippines and currently
Thailand.
The Fortuner is not offered in Japan,Europe,North America, Australasia, orChina. Forthe medium pick-up based SUV segment in those markets, Toyota offers the Hilux Surf
(Japan), 4Runner(North America) and Land Cruiser Prado (Europe, Australasia and
China).
Toyota corolla
The Toyota Corolla is a line ofsubcompact and compact cars manufactured by the
JapaneseautomakerToyota, which has become very popular throughout the world since
the nameplate was first introduced in 1966. In 1997, the Corolla became the best selling
nameplate in the world, with over 35 million sold as of 2007, surpassing the VolkswagenBeetle.[2] Over the past 40 years, one Corolla car has been sold on average every 40
seconds.[3] The series has undergone several major redesigns.
The name Corolla is part of Toyota's naming tradition of using the name Crown forprimary models: the Corona, for example, gets its name from the Latin forcrown;
Corolla is Latin forsmall crown; andCamry is an Anglicized pronunciation of the
Japanese forcrown, kanmuri.
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Corollas are manufactured inJapan and inBrazil (Indaiatuba,So Paulo), Canada
(Cambridge, Ontario), China (Tianjin), India (Bangalore), Indonesia,Malaysia,Pakistan,
Philippines, South Africa (Durban), Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey andVenezuela. Productionhas previously been made inAustralia (Victoria) and the United Kingdom(Derbyshire).
Production in the United States (Fremont,California) ended in March 2010.[4]
The Corolla's chassis designation code is "E", as described in Toyota's chassis and engine
codes.
Early models were mostly rear-wheel drive, later models were mostly front-wheel drive
and some models were four-wheel drive.
Toyota quallis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indaiatubahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangalorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durbanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derbyshirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fremont,_Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Corolla#cite_note-Bloomberg20090828-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Corolla#cite_note-Bloomberg20090828-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rear-wheel_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-wheel_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-wheel_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indaiatubahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianjinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangalorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durbanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derbyshirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fremont,_Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Corolla#cite_note-Bloomberg20090828-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rear-wheel_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-wheel_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-wheel_drive