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Trans form ationof Water (H2O)

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The measure of the average energy of motion of the particles substance

TEMPERATURE

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m.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/2_slg.html Animation- particles andmovement

http://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/2_slg.htmlhttp://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/2_slg.htmlhttp://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/2_slg.htmlhttp://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/2_slg.htmlhttp://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/2_slg.htmlhttp://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/2_slg.html

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The measure of the average energy of motion of the particles in a substance

TEMPERATURE

Image Source: http://www.adelaidehydronicheating.com.au/solarhotwater.html

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States or Phases of Water The Phase or State of matter is a physicalcharacteristic. describes a PHYSICAL state of matter. As matter changes from one state or phase of matter to another, a physical changeoccurs.

If energy is added (like increasing thetemperature or increasing pressure) or if energyis taken away (like freezing something or decreasing pressure) those are physicalchanges .

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http://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/2_slg.html Animation- particles and sublimation

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Changes in state are physical changes

Image source: http://itl.chem.ufl.edu/2041_u99/lectures/lec_f.html

Every substance contains energy from the movement of itsparticles, called thermal energy. The higher the temperature of a substance, the greater its thermal energy.

http://itl.chem.ufl.edu/2041_u99/lectures/lec_f.htmlhttp://itl.chem.ufl.edu/2041_u99/lectures/lec_f.html

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Requires energy from environment

Releases energy to environment

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T em

p er a

t ur e

( d e gr e

e s C el s i u s

)

Time (minutes)

0

100

Time- Temperature Graph for Water

As the temp approaches melting point temperature, theKE of the water molecules increases loosening thebonds between water molecules.

As the ice begins to melt, additional heat energy doesnot raise the temperature of the water, but loosens thebonds changing ice to water. i.e. phase change melting.

Once the water is in a liquid phase, increasing theamount of heat input raises the temp of the liquidwater.

As the temp approaches boiling point, theKE of the molecules is sufficient to allow theseparation of molecules into the gas phase.

As the liquid begins to boil. Additionalinput of heat energy does not raisethe temperature of the water , rather it is used to break water bonds. i.e.phase change.

Once the water is in the gas phase, additional heat input raises thetemperature of the water vapor Note: greater energy is neededto vaporize water than to melt it. WHY?

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Phase Change- Meltingenergy from stove = energy required for phase change

NO temperature change

Phase Change- Vaporization

Energy from hot plate causesincreased KE and increased Temperature

Energy from hot plate causes

increased KE and increased Temperature

Two states of Matter

Two states of Matter

One state of Matter

Energy from hot plate = energy required for phase change

No temperature change

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Phase Diagram of Water

Energy used to loosenbonds; No change in temp.

Energy used to break thebonds; No change in temp.

Energy causes particles to vibrate