TTI Regulatory and Permitting Issues For Geologic Sequestration of CO2 Presentation to the West...

TTIRegulatory and Permitting IssuesFor Geologic Sequestration of CO2

Presentation to the

West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration PartnershipSeptember 30, 2003

Sacramento, CA

Michael S. Bruno, Ph.D., PE

Terralog Technologies USA, Inc.www.terralog.com


Presentation Outline

1. Terralog background and analysis/regulatory activities

2. Geologic, geomechanical, and regulatory issues for CO2 geologic sequestration

3. Regulatory Framework• Transport• Injection Surface Facilities• Subsurface Injection and Storage

- EOR - Sequestration Only

4. Public Outreach Tied to Regulatory Efforts

5. Future Efforts and Contributions


Los Angeles(626) 305-8460

Jakarta(62) 21-727-98129

Calgary(403) 216-4730

New Orleans(985) 727-7040

Terralog Technologies Inc. www.terralog.com

Advanced Geomechanics from the wellbore to reservoir scale

Compaction and Subsidence Analysis

Well Damage Analysis and Design

CO2 and H2S Geologic Sequestration

Gas Storage Reservoir and Cavern Mechanics

E&P Waste Deepwell Injection

Biosolids Injection and Gassification

TTI


FL AC3D 2.00

Terralog Technologies USA, Inc .Arcadia, CA

Settings: M odel Perspective13:45:29 Thu M ar 8 2001

Center: X: -5.397e+000 Y: -1.743e+001 Z: -8.162e+000

Rotation: X: 67.898 Y: 3.397 Z: 52.924

Dis t: 4.483e+002 M ag.: 4.44Ang.: 22.500

B lo c k G ro u pInner_CasingScreenCouplingCentral_RingFinsSandO uter_CasingCem entForm ation

Screen

Base Pipe

Coupling

Centralizer

Gravel PackOuter Casing

Cement

FLAC3D 2.10

Terralog Technologies US A , Inc .A rcadia, CA

S tep 40940 M odel P erspec tive16:34:03 Fri Jun 15 2001

Center: X : 0.000e+ 000 Y : 3.600e+ 001 Z: 0.000e+ 000

Rotation: X : 30.000 Y : 0.000 Z: 20.000

Dis t: 5.711e+ 002 M ag.: 1A ng.: 22.500

Job T itle : M 9B5a - S imulation 5a: SC S, Pure Shear, Full C ement

View T itle :

B lo ck G ro u pB ase_P ipeRing_S leeveS c reenS andFinsCas ingCem entForm ation

Reservoir Scale Model

Near-well Scale

Component Scale

Geomechanical analysis from reservoir scale to wellbore scale

(permit requirements at both scales)


Geomechanical Analysis of Gas Reservoirs

Gas Storage and Recovery• Optimize storage capacity and deliverability

• Evaluate and maintain storage reservoir integrity• Evaluate and maintain storage well integrity

Gas Reservoir Production• Compaction and subsidence analysis• Induced faulting and seal/caprock damage

• Well casing damage analysis and mitigation designs

Geologic Sequestration of CO2 and H2S• Optimize storage capacity and injectivity• Evaluate and maintain storage reservoir integrity• Evaluate and maintain injection well integrity


CO2 Geologic Sequestration Regulatory Framework

Applicable Legislation:

Federal Regulation (SDWA, RCRA) - UIC programState Regulations (CEQA) - ARB, RWQCBLocal Regulations (zoning laws)

Primary Motivation:

Protect Health, Safety, Environment (air, water)


Regulations and Permit Requirements for:

1. Capture

2. Transportation

3. Surface Injection Facilities

4. Subsurface Injection (wells and operations)

Underground Injection Permit Process Designed to Confirm Reservoir Integrity and Well Integrity to Maintain Containment of Injectate in Target Interval


Potential CO2 Migration Mechanisms in Subsurface

1. Fracturing

2. Faulting

3. Permeation and Spillover

4. Well integrity (cement damage)

Injection wellOffset well


reef structure

draped beds

cap rock anhydrite

shale

dolomite

limestone

sandstone

a. Carbonate reef with closure for gas storage

wells

zone of elevated porosity

b. Channel sand of limited length

erosionaltruncation

channelplan view

A

A’

shales, silts

sands, gravels

horizontal well traces

Reservoir type, depth, stress conditions will influence likelihood of various loss mechanisms, supported by geomechanical analysis


c. Stratigraphic trap for gas storage development d. Isolated zones of high porosity for storage

sand

shale shale

shale

gaswater

welltrajectory

sandstoneshale

shale

fault seal

structural folding

high porosity

anhydrite

well trajectory

Reservoir type, depth, stress conditions will influence likelihood of various loss mechanisms, supported by geomechanical analysis


Injection Well Classifications and Permits :

Class I non-hazardous industrial waste• CO2 injection for disposal

• oil and gas processing plant fluids

Class II injection for E&P activities• CO2 injection for EOR

• produced water and gas re-injection

Class V injection for experimental technologies• biomass injection with CO2 sequestration


Terminal IslandTerminal IslandRenewable Energy Renewable Energy

ProjectProject

Bureau of Sanitation

Department of Public Works

January 27, 2003


Biosolids Treatment Technology Demonstration:

1. Inject biosolids into deep geologic formations

2. Allow material to undergo natural process of high-temperature anaerobic biodegradation, instantly (within 24 hrs) sterilizing the material and over time (60-90 days) converting it to methane and carbon dioxide

3. Design process to capture and sequester generated C02 in formation water

4. Store or recover high purity methane for beneficial use


Environmental Advantages for Deep Subsurface Treatment

landfarms

Fresh water sand

Fresh water sand

Brine filled sand

Brine filled sand

Sealing shale

Sealing shale

Mud/shale

CO2

Gas to EnergyFacility

1. Enhanced treatment and groundwater protection

2. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Long-term carbon sequestration

4. Reduce transport env. impact and costs

3. Renewable Clean energy


Injection Permit Process and Key Requirements:

1. Geologic Review

2. Injection Simulation

3. Well Review

4. Operating Plan

5. Monitoring Plan


Geologic Review Components Include:

1. Structure and isopach maps

2. Cross section maps

3. Reservoir and fluid characterization

4. Seismic data if faulted


Well Review Components Include:

1. Well location and depths (up to 2 mi AOR)

2. Well schematics

3. Cement coverage and integrity ( TOC, CBL)

TD 2494’

12” casing in 17 ½”

hole

Casing shoe @ 219’

8 5/8” casing in 11” hole

Casing shoe @2377’

6 5/8” perforated liner in 16” hole hung from 2346’

Gravel Packed

400 sacks cement

250 sacks cement

TD 2494’

12” casing in 17 ½”

hole

Casing shoe @ 219’

8 5/8” casing in 11” hole

Casing shoe @2377’

6 5/8” perforated liner in 16” hole hung from 2346’

Gravel Packed

400 sacks cement

250 sacks cement

Many California oilfields have high well density

1 mile


Public Outreach Tied to Regulatory Efforts

Key concerns:

1. Is it safe ? (accidents, health risks, earthquakes … )

2. What disruption in normal life patterns (access, traffic)

3. Appropriate communication with stakeholders

Looking for grudging acquiescence or informed support ?

React or anticipate and engage ?


Terralog Project Efforts and Contributions Include:

Task 1. Review, document, and summarize current state and federal regulations related to carbon capture and sequestration technologies

Task 2. Evaluate and summarize permitting requirements for carbon capture and sequestration technologies

Task 3. Review and summarize proposed new regulations under consideration by state and federal agencies that may impact carbon capture and sequestration activities.

Task 4. Identify potential gaps, regulatory uncertainties, or possible conflicting regulations and jurisdictions associated with carbon capture and sequestration policies

PHASE II : Permitting efforts for pilot, geomechanical support

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TTI Regulatory and Permitting Issues For Geologic Sequestration of CO2 Presentation to the West...

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