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TuTh 4:00-5:15 Psych 241 Methods Lab section 03 Slide 2 Rough Drafts! I will be handing these back at the end of class with quizzes attached. So dont run away! Dont lose them! I want them returned to me along with your final drafts, please! Slide 3 Goals Rough Drafts Survey Study Slide 4 Papers/Rough Drafts Some things to keep in mind when you return to your drafts: Plain Grammatical English Always better. Whenever you use a comparative or relational word, include what you are comparing it to. No Labels cant simply be faster, it must be faster THAN SOMETHING ELSE. Double space! It is easier for me to read and grade/make notes. Slide 5 Papers/Rough Drafts We can never prove anything. Science doesnt prove anything, it provides support for things. Italy earthquake Scientists Slide 6 Headings (from PurdueOWL) APA Headings Level Format 1 Centered, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Headings 2Left-aligned, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Heading 3 Indented, boldface, lowercase heading with a period. Begin body text after the period. 4 Indented, boldface, italicized, lowercase heading with a period. Begin body text after the period. 5 Indented, italicized, lowercase heading with a period. Begin body text after the period. Slide 7 Headings (from PurdueOWL) Two situations where we dont. Abstract (non-bolded and centered) References (non-bolded and centered) ALSO, no heading for the introduction section! Slide 8 Title Page/Headers When using headers, numbers always go on the top, flush to the right. The header should consist of a few words that signify what the paper is, usually a short form of the title. On the Title Page, your header should include the words Running head: before the header. Pages after that should NOT have it. Aside from header and page number, a Title Page needs a title, your name, and your institution. That should be centered, about a third of the way down. Slide 9 Abstract First sentence or sentences should talk about why we are studying this. I will clarify that when we talk about the introduction. State your hypothesis. State the results. Slide 10 Introduction The Stroop effect is the general (and well supported) finding that incongruent information (such as a wrong name) can interfere with other tasks (such as identifying a silhouette) Rosinski and colleagues then ran a version of a Stroop task, which was interested in whether words inside of an image interfere with identifying the image if they are incongruent. They also included a third level of their IV, by having an unrelated but rhyming word included. If we look at the online task, we can see the limitation. Slide 11 Introduction Then Ehri reviewed that paper, and explained why having no words was a better comparison than congruent words. We are replicating Ehris findings. Questions? I didnt explain this right when we started, so do your best with this, and dont worry! Slide 12 Introduction Slide 13 So, summarize the of interference (from Stroop) Summarize why Ehri did her study (Rosinski et al.) REMEMBER that when writing the introduction, your reader does not know your results, so dont tell them yet. Explain what you want to test, how you will test it, and your proposed results. Slide 14 Introduction/In-text citation In APA style: We dont include paper titles. We DO cite in text as follows (Ehri, 1976), or Ehri (1976) reported that, or Ehri found there was interference in seconds-graders, such that incongruent stimuli took longer than no-label stimuli (1976) Slide 15 Method Use the subsections that we talked about! In participants subsection, you can report the number of participants using scientific notation (e.g. N = 330) Also, some of you included information on age, we dont know everyones age, so generally we dont guess. In the materials section, dont forget to mention the instruction sheets that we used. Slide 16 Results Always try to make things more concise. For example, embed your stats in the sentence that simply describes what you found. (e.g. I found that young people (M = ___, SD = ___) are significantly more negative than older people (M = ___, SD = ___) when looking at sad images, t (1,43) = _____, p = ___. Include significance tests in the same sentence! No number-dependent sentences. Exception: The hypotheses were tested at a significance level of ___. Slide 17 Results Remember where to use italics! Remember to describe the kind of test we used, paired sample vs. independent sample. Include a wrap-up sentence. Slide 18 Reference Section APA style! Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. Hanging indentation! Slide 19 Figures When including Figures (either graphs or the images we used) you want to label them Figure _ (number). Also, on the Figures page, head it with the word Figures no bold, centered. Underneath each Figure, state the figure name Figure _: Title explaining what the figure is of Slide 20 Finally: No guarantee of an A! If you make these changes, you will do better for sure, however. I am asking a lot here, but each progressing paper will be easier this way. Slide 21 Okay! Survey project. Goal of this project. The kind of survey topic we are looking for: Slide 22 Homework Final Draft! Three statements for the survey. One demographic variable of interest. Slide 23 Contact Information ladelman@psych.umass.edu Tobin 626 Office hour: Tuesdays from 1-2pm