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HIPPO is the Flagship for the Geomaterials Focus Area at Lujan Center

• High pressure-high temperature diffraction is needed to meet BES and DP goals to understand ultrahigh pressure materials

• Examples of high impact user research– H.R. Wenk (UC Berkeley) Geology 33, 273-276 (2005) Meteorite shock texture– W. Mao (LANL) & RJ. Mao (Carnegie), Science 297, 2247-9 (2002) Gas hydrates– R. Hemley (Carnegie), YS Zhao (LANL) APL 86, 052505 wustite magnetism @ 20 GPa– W Mao (LANL) & RJ Mao (Carnegie), PNAS 101, 708-710 (2004) H storage compounds

Diffraction: “Three diffractometers, NPDF, HIPPO, and PCS have unique diffraction and sample-environment capabilities and experimental focus not found anywhere in the world; they will be fully competitive for a long time to come.”

FDS: Currently competitive with TOSCA (ISIS). “Until the SNS VISION spectrometer comes on line in 2012-2013 FDS will play an important role in satisfying the [research] demand … in hydrogen materials.”

from Lujan Center in the SNS Era Workshop

September 17-19, 2006, Santa Fe

INSTRUMENTATION & PERSONNELHigh Pressure Yusheng ZhaoHIPPO Sven VogelFDS Luc Daemen NPDF Thomas Proffen

SPECTROMETER DEVELOPMENT TEAMS AND SPONSORS REFLECT DIVERSITYHIPPO: UCBerkeley, UCDavis, BESNPDF: UPenn, UVirginia, NSF, LDRD, BESFDS: LDRD, BESHigh Pressure: LANL-DP, LDRD, BES

EDUCATIONLANSCE Neutron Scattering SchoolHIPPO workshops

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Neutron texture measurements determine direction of meteorite impact

• Approach– Measure texture of Vredefort

quartzite– Compare to texture of lab-shocked

quartzite– Determine stiffness of various

directions in quartzite

• Result– Texture of Vredefort meteorite is similar to lab-

compressed quartzite– Direction of shock wave can be determined from

texture– 1Wenk, H. R., 1Lonardelli, I.,2Vogel, S. C., 1Tullis, J., “Dauphine

twinning as evidence for an impact origin of preferred orientation in quartzite: An example from Vredefort, South Africa”, Geology 33, 273-276 (2005)

– 1University of California at Berkeley– 2Los Alamos National Laboratory

HIPPO specializes in texture at high temperature and pressure

HIPPOSven Vogel instrument scientist

• Scientific Challenge– Vredefort impact crater in

South Africa is 2 billion years old

– Shock-modified minerals exist in the crater

– Can one determine the direction of impact from the shock modifications?

Samples “remember” shock direction by texture

anisotropy

Shock direction [0111]

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Spectrometer for Materials Research at Temperature and Stress (SMARTS)

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SMARTS is used to study nonlinear mechanical behavior of geomaterials.

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K.L. Page, Th. Proffen, S.E. McLain, T.W. Darling and J.A. TenCate, Local Atomic Structure of Fontainebleau Sandstone: Evidence for an Amorphous Phase?, Geophysical Research Lett. (2004).

A “glassy” phase in sandstone has been discovered through PDF Measurements on NPDF.

• Goal: Relate unusual acoustic properties to local atomic structure.

• Technique: Pair Distribution Function (PDF) measured on NPDF gives local structural information.

• Result: Evidence for a “glassy” phase in Fontainebleau sandstone rock.

Excess Si-O and O-O nearest neighborsindicating “glassy” contribution.