Umd Maryland 2004

8/14/2019 Umd Maryland 2004

1/49

11

Combined Heat & Power ProgramsCombined Heat & Power Programsat theat the

Center for EnvironmentalCenter for EnvironmentalEnergy EngineeringEnergy Engineering

Dennis Moran, DirectorDennis Moran, Director

MidMid--Atlantic CHP Application CenterAtlantic CHP Application Center


2/49

33

CEEE OrganizationCEEE Organization

CEEE programs are organized into 4CEEE programs are organized into 4

primary program areas:primary program areas:

Combined Heat & PowerCombined Heat & Power

System OptimizationSystem Optimization

Refrigerant AlternativesRefrigerant Alternatives

Advanced Heat ExchangersAdvanced Heat Exchangers


3/49

44

CEEE PartnersCEEE Partners

York InternationalSamsung ElectronicsDTE

Wright Patterson AFBRocky ResearchDOE/ORNL

WolverinePEPCODensoVisteonPropane Res. CouncilDaikin

US ArmyNaval Res. Lab.Copeland

TrionMatsushitaCDATrigenMagna-SteyrCapstone

TridiumLG ElectronicsBroad

TraneKathabarBaltimore Aircoil

Thermo KingITRIATEC

TecumsehHussmanArcelik

SanyoHoneywellAdvanced Heat Tr.


4/49

55

Center StaffCenter Staff

Five Faculty

Seven Research Faculty

Forty Graduate Students

Six Support Staff

$2.2 Million Annual Budget


5/49

66

CHP at UMDCHP at UMD

CHP activities at the UMD include:CHP activities at the UMD include:

CEEE CHP ConsortiumCEEE CHP Consortium

CHP Integration Test CenterCHP Integration Test Center ChesapeakeChesapeake

BuildingBuildingCampus CHP SystemCampus CHP System TrigenTrigen--CinergyCinergy

Solutions SystemSolutions System



6/49

77

CHP ConsortiumCHP Consortium

Integration Test CenterIntegration Test Center MicroMicro--turbineturbine --> Absorption Chiller> Absorption Chiller--> Solid Desiccant System> Solid Desiccant System

EngineEngine--driven AC (Engine Gendriven AC (Engine Gen--set)set)--> Liquid Desiccant System> Liquid Desiccant System 27MW Campus CHP Plant Analysis and Optimization27MW Campus CHP Plant Analysis and Optimization

NoNo--coolingcooling--tower Absorption Systemtower Absorption System

Propane OperationPropane Operation

Optimization: Design and OperationOptimization: Design and Operation

SteadySteady--state and Transient CHP Modelsstate and Transient CHP Models

DiagnosticsDiagnostics

WebWeb--based CHP Handbookbased CHP Handbook

Projects

Long Range Goals: Optimum Integration of Subsystems

Verified, Dynamic Models for Controls and Optimization


7/49

88

CHP Test Center FocusCHP Test Center Focus

CHP integrates dissimilar equipmentCHP integrates dissimilar equipment

Components are generally designed to do one job wellComponents are generally designed to do one job well MT produce powerMT produce power

Desiccants dry airDesiccants dry air

Absorption chillers produce chilled waterAbsorption chillers produce chilled waterMany additional benefits are obtainable when design isMany additional benefits are obtainable when design is

aimed at system level from startaimed at system level from start

We want an INTEGRATED SYSTEM that is clean,We want an INTEGRATED SYSTEM that is clean,reliable, efficient and cost effectivereliable, efficient and cost effective


8/49

99

3

ATS Solid Desiccant

Capstone Microturbine

Broad Absorp. Chiller

Goettl Engine Driven AC

Kathabar liquid Desiccant


9/49

1010

Issues EncounteredIssues Encountered

System integration issues we have encountered include:System integration issues we have encountered include:

Parameter compatibilityParameter compatibility

Exhaust temperatures vs. waste heat temp. requirementsExhaust temperatures vs. waste heat temp. requirementsStandardizationStandardization Metric bolts, English nuts, specialist wiring harness tools, staMetric bolts, English nuts, specialist wiring harness tools, starr--shapedshaped

socketssockets

Transformers, fuses, voltages (5,12,24,120,230,277,480V AC/DC)Transformers, fuses, voltages (5,12,24,120,230,277,480V AC/DC)Frequent duplicationFrequent duplication SensorsSensors

EnclosuresEnclosures

User InterfacesUser Interfaces Controllers andControllers and software driverssoftware drivers

Duplicate maintenance contracts, inconsistent manualsDuplicate maintenance contracts, inconsistent manuals


10/49


11/49

1212

Thermoflex Model of Trigen PlantThermoflex Model of Trigen Plant


12/49

1313


MidMid--Atlantic CHP Application Center (MAAC) is one ofAtlantic CHP Application Center (MAAC) is one of

eight regional centerseight regional centersInitial funding provided by DOEInitial funding provided by DOE

Primary functions are:Primary functions are:

Increase awareness of CHPIncrease awareness of CHP

Provide technical assistance for promising projectsProvide technical assistance for promising projects

Primary goal is to increase use of CHPPrimary goal is to increase use of CHP


13/49

National Advanced Building TestbedInitiative

Modeling Workshop at University of MarylandNovember 18, 2004

Reinhard Radermacher, Dennis Moran, Vikrant AuteUniversity of Maryland College Park

University of MarylandModeling & Optimization Projects Overview


14/49

2

Agenda

Meeting ObjectivesCEEE & CHP Program OverviewModeling and Optimization Program Overview Technology Focus and Approach

Modeling Tools

Hardware/Software/Person Resources


15/49

3

Objective

Provide an overview of UMCP CEEE modelingcapabilities and near future perspectiveIdentify resources that can be used to supportthe Initiative


16/49

4

CEEE Vision and Mission

Vision International leader in research and education in

environmentallyacceptable,

economicfeasibleThermal Management Systems, that are

optimized for minimum cost, volume, weight, maximumreliability or other relevant parameters

Mission To provide knowledge in support of strategic technology

decisions

R&D of new components and systems

Verified, user-friendly tools for simulation and optimization

Timely results and tech-transfer

Education of next generation of team oriented engineeringprofessionals


17/49

5

CEEE Organization

CEEE programs are organized into 4primary areas:

Combined Heat & PowerSystem OptimizationRefrigerant AlternativesAdvanced Heat Exchangers


18/49

6

CEEE Partners

York Internationalamsung ElectronicsTEWright Patterson AFBocky ResearchOE/ORNLWolverineEPCOensoVisteonropane Res. CouncilaikinUS Armyaval Res. Lab.opelandTrionatsushitaDATrigenagna-SteyrapstoneTridiumG ElectronicsroadTraneathabaraltimore AircoilThermo KingTRITECTecumsehussmanrcelikSanyooneywelldvanced Heat Tr.


19/49

7

Center Staff

Five Faculty

Seven Research Faculty

Forty Graduate Students

Six Support Staff

$2.2 Million Annual Budget


20/49

8

CHP at UMD

CHP activities at the UMD include:CEEE CHP ConsortiumCHP Integration Test Center ChesapeakeBuildingCampus CHP System Trigen SystemMid-Atlantic CHP Application CenterNational Advanced Building Testbed Initiativesupport


21/49

9

CHP Consortium

IntegrationTestCenter Micro-turbine -> Absorption Chiller -> Solid Desiccant System

Engine-driven AC (Engine Gen-set)-> Liquid Desiccant System

27MW Campus CHP Plant Analysis and Optimization

Absorption system with dry cooling-tower

Propane Operation

Optimization:DesignandOperation

Steady-stateandTransientCHPModels

Diagnostics

Web-basedCHPHandbook

Projects

Long Range Goals: Optimum Integration of Subsystems

Verified, Dynamic Models for Controls and Optimization


22/49


23/49

11

Chesapeake Building Equipment

Existing RTU2

Existing RTU1

EDAC(removed)

Solid

Desiccant

LiquidDesiccant

AbsorptionChiller

MicroturbineCHP System 1

CHP System 2


24/49

12

Issues Encountered

Issuesencounteredinthetestprograminclude:

Thermalparametercompatibility

Temp of exhaust/cooling water temp vs. TAT temprequirements

Standardization

Metric bolts, English nuts, special wiring harness tools, star-shaped sockets

Transformers, fuses, voltages (5,12,24,120,230,277,480VAC/DC)

Frequentduplication

Sensors

Enclosures

User interfaces

Controllers and software drivers

Duplicatemaintenancecontracts

Inconsistentmanuals


25/49

13

UMD CHP Plant

2GasTurbines,2HRSG,back

pressuresteamturbineand

steamdrivenchillers

CHPplantprovides27MW

electricity,10,000tonsof

coolingandentiresteamload

tothecampus

Reduceregionalemissionsof

NOx by9,800tons/yearand

CO2 emissionsby3.5milliontonsover20years


26/49

14

Thermoflex Model of Trigen Plant


27/49

15

CHP System Monitoring

Tridium Niagara Framework System integration platform for diverse thermal

systems Used for control, data logging & reporting, and alarms Independent of communication protocol & manufacturer

Web interface

In system 2, Niagara program used to: Monitor the system (data logging by separate system)

Set operation schedules

Send alarms and alerts Control CHP system & RTUs

Additional details at www.tridium.com


28/49

16

CHP System Online


29/49


30/49

18

Rooftop Unit 2


31/49

19

Mid-Atlantic CHP Application Center

Mid-AtlanticCHPApplicationCenter(MAAC)isoneof

eightregionalcenters

InitialfundingprovidedbyDOE

Primaryfunctionsare:

Increase awareness of CHP

Provide technical assistance to promisingprojects

PrimarygoalistoincreaseuseofCHP


32/49

20

Modeling & Optimization

Program Overview


33/49

21

Technology Focus

Modeling steady state and transient thermalsystemsOptimization of components and system for firstand operating cost, performance, energyefficiency etc.Development of validated, robust and scalablecomponent and system modelsTechnology transfer user-friendlycustomizable and component based modelingsoftware

h l h


34/49

22

Technology Approach

Thermodynamic/engineering Expertise Available from faculty/students at the Center

Development Platform Microsoft .NET

Models can be used in EES, Matlab, Excel, KULI,

other simulation tools

Property Libraries NIST Refprop 7.0, PPDS (in evaluation)

In-house refrigerant property libraries 500 timesfaster than commercially available

T h l A h ( td )


35/49

23

Technology Approach (contd.)

Equation Solvers, Optimization Tools Solver libraries for linear/non-linear equation

Differential equation solvers problem specific

Gradient-based optimization routines Single/Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms

Component Standards Defines component model interfaces Allows interaction with external modeling tools, calling from EES,

Matlab, KULI etc.

Facilitates third-party component development

Components can reside on local or remote computerHardware CEEE Laboratories

M d li T l


36/49

24

Modeling Tools

Coil Designer User-friendly simulation and optimization software for air-

cooled heat exchangers, steady state

Tube-fin, micro-channel and wire-fin coils

Ability to add external refrigerants and correlations

Highly flexible and customizable

Validated with data from several sourcesAccumulator Simulation of accumulators, steady state

Detailed geometry and loss coefficient inputs Validated with data from sponsoring organization

C il D i C il


37/49

25

Coil Designer Coil

M d li T l ( td )


38/49

26

Modeling Tools (contd.)

Compressor Simulation Detailed simulation of positive displacement

compressors and expanders

Single thermodynamic simulation, separate geometryinput for different devices

Accounts for internal leakages, internal heat transfer

and valve lossesDessicant Wheel Transient model of desiccant wheel

Component based, will be used in CHP systemsimulation in future

Modeling Tools (contd )


39/49

27

Modeling Tools (contd.)

Absorption Chiller Time estimate to reach steady state

Simulate the performance during startup

Temperature control strategy

Part load simulation

Modeling Tools


40/49

28

Modeling Tools

VapCyc Simulation of vapor compression cycles, steady state

Conventional (R22/R134a) and unconventional (CO2

) cyclesimulation

User can add and change component models

TransRef Transient simulation of refrigerators, single and dual

evaporator systems

User changeable component models

User configurable cabinet models, can be extended toautomotive passenger cabins

VapCyc


41/49

29

VapCyc

TransRef


42/49

30

TransRef

Modeling Tools


43/49

31

Modeling Tools

CHPTran Development in progress component

models Goal simulate transient performance of a

CHP system put together by the user

CHPTran


44/49

32

CHPTran

Modeling Tools


45/49

33

Modeling Tools

Optimization Eventually all designs have to be optimized

Steady state (first cost, efficiency) or transientperformance (control algorithms, operating cost)optimization

Focus on gradient based and Genetic Algorithms for

optimization Successfully applied Single and Multiobjective optimization

algorithms for air-conditioning components and systems

Multiobjective optimization demonstrated significantpotential, especially with Multiobjective Genetic Algorithms(MOGA)

Optimization Case Study


46/49

34


Normalized Coil Cost vs. Heat Load (MOGA1, 500 Iterations)

Normalized Heat Load

0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2

NormalizedCoilCo

st

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.1

1.2

MOGA1-500 Results

Baseline Case

Multiobjective optimizationResults Pareto Solutions



47/49

35


Infeasible & Pareto Solutions for Condenser Units

Normalized Heat Load0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4

Norm

alizedCost

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

Pareto SolutionsInfeasible Solutions

Multiobjective optimizationResults Infeasible and Pareto

Solutions

Application Examples of GA


48/49

36

Application Examples of GA

Beneficial in problems with bothcontinuous and discrete variablesCan be coupled with all CEEE modelingtoolsCoupling with Thermo Flex, KULI etc.through Excel or otherwiseCan be used for real-time controloptimization

Thank You for Your


49/49

Paper R-037

37

Attention!!!

Date post:	30-May-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	sebascian
View:	216 times
Download:	0 times

Umd Maryland 2004

Documents