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UNs Role in Rwanda

By: Eli Baker

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UNITED NATIONS ASSISTANCE MISSION FOR RWANDA

UNAMIR October 1993 March 1996 wasoriginally established to help implement theArusha Peace Agreement signed by the

Rwandese parties on August, 4, 1993. UNAMIR'smandate and strength were adjusted on anumber of occasions in the face of the tragicevents of the genocide and the changingsituation in the country. UNAMIR's mandatecame to an end on 8 March 1996 .

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On June, 22, 1993

The Council decided that the verificationwould focus primarily on transit or transport, byroads or tracks which could accommodatevehicles, of lethal weapons and ammunitionacross the border, as well as any other materialwhich could be of military use.

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April 21, 1994

The U.N. Security Council votesunanimously to withdraw most of theUNAMIR troops, cutting the force from2,500 to 270.

The International Red Cross estimatesthat tens, perhaps hundreds of thousandsof Rwandans are now dead.

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May 13, 1994

The U.N. Security Council prepares tovote on restoring UNAMIR's strength in

Rwanda. However, Madeline Albrightdelays the vote for four days.

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May 17, 1994

As the slaughter of the Tutsiscontinues, the U.N. finally agrees to send5,500 troops to Rwanda. The Security

Council resolution says, "acts of genocidemay have been committed." However, thedeployment of the mainly African U.N.

forces is delayed because of argumentsover who will pay the bill and provide theequipment.

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June 22, 1994

With still no sign of U.N. deployment, theSecurity Council authorizes the deployment ofFrench forces in south-west Rwanda--"OperationTurquoise." They create a "safe area" in territorycontrolled by the government. However, killingsof Tutsis continue in the safe area.

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Mid-July 1994The Tutsi RPF forces capture Kigali. The

Hutu government flees to Zaire, followed bya tide of refugees. The French end theirmission and are replaced by Ethiopian U.N.

troops. The RPF sets up an interimgovernment of national unity in Kigali. Although disease and more killings

claim additional lives in the refugee camps,the genocide is over. An estimated 800,000Rwandans have been killed in 100 days.

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Final phase

Reduction of UNOMUR was carried out in fourphases with a gradual scaling down of monitoringactivities. Phase one took effect on 15 August, and theMission's total strength of 80 military observers wasreduced by 25. In phase two, effective from 30 August,

the Mission was further reduced by nine militaryobservers. In phase three, effective from 6 September,an additional 12 military observers left, leaving a totalstrength of 34. In the final phase, all remaining militaryand civilian personnel were to leave the area by 21September. The formal closing ceremony was presidedby the Under-Secretary-General for PeacekeepingOperations, Mr. Kofi Annan.

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Work Sided

United Nations. UN.org. UN,Web. 23 Nov. 2012

Public Broadcasting Service.pbs.org, Web. 23 Nov. 2012