52
Understanding a Development Miracle Demographic Transition in China Social Economic Development
| Date post: | 29-Dec-2015 |
| Category: |
Documents |
| Upload: | cynthia-hood |
| View: | 217 times |
| Download: | 1 times |
Understanding a Development Miracle
Demographic Transition in China
Social Economic Development
China has a huge population but a weak economic foundation with relatively inadequate resources per capita These are its basic national conditions Many contradictions and problems in Chinas economic and social development are closely associated with the issue of population which has become the key factor and primary problem restricting Chinas economic and social development
what should we pay attention to when we discuss the population and economic growth in China
Basic Statistics on National Population Census in
195319641981199020002010item 1953 1964 1981 1990 2000 2010
Total population (million) 59435 69458 100818 113368 126583 137054
male 30799 35652 51944 58495 65355 6868
female 28636 33806 48874 54873 61228 6528
Average family household size 433 443 441 396 344 310
Population by age group()
0-14 3628 4069 3359 2769 2289 1660
15-64 5931 5575 6150 6674 7015 7460
65 and over 441 356 491 557 696 88
Population by ethnicity()
Han 9394 9424 9332 9196 9159 9151
Ethnic Minorities 606 576 668 804 841 84
Population by residence()
urban population 13 18 21 26 36 4968
rural population 87 82 79 74 64 5032
Life expectancy (year old) 6777 6855 7140 725
male 6628 6684 6963 NA
female 6927 7047 7333 NA
Family Scale
persons household
A family of three (3068) and a family of two(2417) are the most important family forms in China in 2006
ldquo High fertility rate low death rate high growth raterdquo ldquoLow fertility rate low death rate low growth raterdquo
YEAR 1955 1960 1965
1970 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2010
Persons
447 450 455 474 461 434 397 370 344 310
Birth Rate Death Rate and Natural Growth Rate of Population in China
0 00
5 00
10 00
15 00
20 00
25 00
1980
1983
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
Bi r th Rate出生率
Death Rate死亡率
Natural自然增长率Growth Rate
international comparison of total fertility rate
Time World Developedcountries
Developing countries
China
1950-1955 502 284 617 622
1955-1960 496 282 602 559
1960-1965 497 269 603 572
1965-1970 491 237 602 606
1970-1975 449 212 544 486
1975-1980 392 191 465 332
1980-1985 358 185 415 255
1985-1990 338 183 384 246
1990-1995 304 168 341 192
1995-2000 279 155 310 178
2000-2005 265 156 290 170
2005-2010 255 159 275 174
Honor Mother
Woman has more than 10 children in 1950s
the more sons the more happiness
Chairman MAO said
Many hands make light work
Family Plan basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979
ldquoLate Marriage Later Childbearingrdquo
ldquoOne Family One Childrdquopolicy has been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000
Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally If a couple is composed of two people without siblings then they may have two children of their own thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease
What lsquos your opinion about family plan in China
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
China has a huge population but a weak economic foundation with relatively inadequate resources per capita These are its basic national conditions Many contradictions and problems in Chinas economic and social development are closely associated with the issue of population which has become the key factor and primary problem restricting Chinas economic and social development
what should we pay attention to when we discuss the population and economic growth in China
Basic Statistics on National Population Census in
195319641981199020002010item 1953 1964 1981 1990 2000 2010
Total population (million) 59435 69458 100818 113368 126583 137054
male 30799 35652 51944 58495 65355 6868
female 28636 33806 48874 54873 61228 6528
Average family household size 433 443 441 396 344 310
Population by age group()
0-14 3628 4069 3359 2769 2289 1660
15-64 5931 5575 6150 6674 7015 7460
65 and over 441 356 491 557 696 88
Population by ethnicity()
Han 9394 9424 9332 9196 9159 9151
Ethnic Minorities 606 576 668 804 841 84
Population by residence()
urban population 13 18 21 26 36 4968
rural population 87 82 79 74 64 5032
Life expectancy (year old) 6777 6855 7140 725
male 6628 6684 6963 NA
female 6927 7047 7333 NA
Family Scale
persons household
A family of three (3068) and a family of two(2417) are the most important family forms in China in 2006
ldquo High fertility rate low death rate high growth raterdquo ldquoLow fertility rate low death rate low growth raterdquo
YEAR 1955 1960 1965
1970 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2010
Persons
447 450 455 474 461 434 397 370 344 310
Birth Rate Death Rate and Natural Growth Rate of Population in China
0 00
5 00
10 00
15 00
20 00
25 00
1980
1983
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
Bi r th Rate出生率
Death Rate死亡率
Natural自然增长率Growth Rate
international comparison of total fertility rate
Time World Developedcountries
Developing countries
China
1950-1955 502 284 617 622
1955-1960 496 282 602 559
1960-1965 497 269 603 572
1965-1970 491 237 602 606
1970-1975 449 212 544 486
1975-1980 392 191 465 332
1980-1985 358 185 415 255
1985-1990 338 183 384 246
1990-1995 304 168 341 192
1995-2000 279 155 310 178
2000-2005 265 156 290 170
2005-2010 255 159 275 174
Honor Mother
Woman has more than 10 children in 1950s
the more sons the more happiness
Chairman MAO said
Many hands make light work
Family Plan basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979
ldquoLate Marriage Later Childbearingrdquo
ldquoOne Family One Childrdquopolicy has been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000
Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally If a couple is composed of two people without siblings then they may have two children of their own thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease
What lsquos your opinion about family plan in China
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Basic Statistics on National Population Census in
195319641981199020002010item 1953 1964 1981 1990 2000 2010
Total population (million) 59435 69458 100818 113368 126583 137054
male 30799 35652 51944 58495 65355 6868
female 28636 33806 48874 54873 61228 6528
Average family household size 433 443 441 396 344 310
Population by age group()
0-14 3628 4069 3359 2769 2289 1660
15-64 5931 5575 6150 6674 7015 7460
65 and over 441 356 491 557 696 88
Population by ethnicity()
Han 9394 9424 9332 9196 9159 9151
Ethnic Minorities 606 576 668 804 841 84
Population by residence()
urban population 13 18 21 26 36 4968
rural population 87 82 79 74 64 5032
Life expectancy (year old) 6777 6855 7140 725
male 6628 6684 6963 NA
female 6927 7047 7333 NA
Family Scale
persons household
A family of three (3068) and a family of two(2417) are the most important family forms in China in 2006
ldquo High fertility rate low death rate high growth raterdquo ldquoLow fertility rate low death rate low growth raterdquo
YEAR 1955 1960 1965
1970 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2010
Persons
447 450 455 474 461 434 397 370 344 310
Birth Rate Death Rate and Natural Growth Rate of Population in China
0 00
5 00
10 00
15 00
20 00
25 00
1980
1983
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
Bi r th Rate出生率
Death Rate死亡率
Natural自然增长率Growth Rate
international comparison of total fertility rate
Time World Developedcountries
Developing countries
China
1950-1955 502 284 617 622
1955-1960 496 282 602 559
1960-1965 497 269 603 572
1965-1970 491 237 602 606
1970-1975 449 212 544 486
1975-1980 392 191 465 332
1980-1985 358 185 415 255
1985-1990 338 183 384 246
1990-1995 304 168 341 192
1995-2000 279 155 310 178
2000-2005 265 156 290 170
2005-2010 255 159 275 174
Honor Mother
Woman has more than 10 children in 1950s
the more sons the more happiness
Chairman MAO said
Many hands make light work
Family Plan basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979
ldquoLate Marriage Later Childbearingrdquo
ldquoOne Family One Childrdquopolicy has been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000
Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally If a couple is composed of two people without siblings then they may have two children of their own thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease
What lsquos your opinion about family plan in China
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Family Scale
persons household
A family of three (3068) and a family of two(2417) are the most important family forms in China in 2006
ldquo High fertility rate low death rate high growth raterdquo ldquoLow fertility rate low death rate low growth raterdquo
YEAR 1955 1960 1965
1970 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2010
Persons
447 450 455 474 461 434 397 370 344 310
Birth Rate Death Rate and Natural Growth Rate of Population in China
0 00
5 00
10 00
15 00
20 00
25 00
1980
1983
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
Bi r th Rate出生率
Death Rate死亡率
Natural自然增长率Growth Rate
international comparison of total fertility rate
Time World Developedcountries
Developing countries
China
1950-1955 502 284 617 622
1955-1960 496 282 602 559
1960-1965 497 269 603 572
1965-1970 491 237 602 606
1970-1975 449 212 544 486
1975-1980 392 191 465 332
1980-1985 358 185 415 255
1985-1990 338 183 384 246
1990-1995 304 168 341 192
1995-2000 279 155 310 178
2000-2005 265 156 290 170
2005-2010 255 159 275 174
Honor Mother
Woman has more than 10 children in 1950s
the more sons the more happiness
Chairman MAO said
Many hands make light work
Family Plan basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979
ldquoLate Marriage Later Childbearingrdquo
ldquoOne Family One Childrdquopolicy has been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000
Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally If a couple is composed of two people without siblings then they may have two children of their own thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease
What lsquos your opinion about family plan in China
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Birth Rate Death Rate and Natural Growth Rate of Population in China
0 00
5 00
10 00
15 00
20 00
25 00
1980
1983
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
Bi r th Rate出生率
Death Rate死亡率
Natural自然增长率Growth Rate
international comparison of total fertility rate
Time World Developedcountries
Developing countries
China
1950-1955 502 284 617 622
1955-1960 496 282 602 559
1960-1965 497 269 603 572
1965-1970 491 237 602 606
1970-1975 449 212 544 486
1975-1980 392 191 465 332
1980-1985 358 185 415 255
1985-1990 338 183 384 246
1990-1995 304 168 341 192
1995-2000 279 155 310 178
2000-2005 265 156 290 170
2005-2010 255 159 275 174
Honor Mother
Woman has more than 10 children in 1950s
the more sons the more happiness
Chairman MAO said
Many hands make light work
Family Plan basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979
ldquoLate Marriage Later Childbearingrdquo
ldquoOne Family One Childrdquopolicy has been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000
Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally If a couple is composed of two people without siblings then they may have two children of their own thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease
What lsquos your opinion about family plan in China
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
international comparison of total fertility rate
Time World Developedcountries
Developing countries
China
1950-1955 502 284 617 622
1955-1960 496 282 602 559
1960-1965 497 269 603 572
1965-1970 491 237 602 606
1970-1975 449 212 544 486
1975-1980 392 191 465 332
1980-1985 358 185 415 255
1985-1990 338 183 384 246
1990-1995 304 168 341 192
1995-2000 279 155 310 178
2000-2005 265 156 290 170
2005-2010 255 159 275 174
Honor Mother
Woman has more than 10 children in 1950s
the more sons the more happiness
Chairman MAO said
Many hands make light work
Family Plan basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979
ldquoLate Marriage Later Childbearingrdquo
ldquoOne Family One Childrdquopolicy has been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000
Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally If a couple is composed of two people without siblings then they may have two children of their own thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease
What lsquos your opinion about family plan in China
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Honor Mother
Woman has more than 10 children in 1950s
the more sons the more happiness
Chairman MAO said
Many hands make light work
Family Plan basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979
ldquoLate Marriage Later Childbearingrdquo
ldquoOne Family One Childrdquopolicy has been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000
Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally If a couple is composed of two people without siblings then they may have two children of their own thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease
What lsquos your opinion about family plan in China
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Family Plan basic state policy to carry out family planning and population control and to improve the life quality of the population from 1979
ldquoLate Marriage Later Childbearingrdquo
ldquoOne Family One Childrdquopolicy has been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law The policy has prevented 250 million births from its implementation to 2000
Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally If a couple is composed of two people without siblings then they may have two children of their own thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease
What lsquos your opinion about family plan in China
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Now that millions of sibling-less people in China are now young adults in or nearing their child-bearing years a special provision allows millions of couples to have two children legally If a couple is composed of two people without siblings then they may have two children of their own thus preventing too dramatic of a population decrease
What lsquos your opinion about family plan in China
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Question
what is your opinion about the impact of family scale on Chinese economic growth
(1) family scale and consumption
(2) family scale and education
(3) family scale and elderly supporting
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
family scale and consumption
(1) Child is the core of the family
(2) Parentrsquos responsibility and expenditure for children Parents believe the consumption style of children is linked to their
social class in the future The spending for children accounts for a large proportion of family
expenditure University tuition fee has increased by 2500 in the last 16 years
In the western provinces it will take a familyrsquos ten-year income to
support one child to finish the college education Parents also responsible for childrenrsquos wedding housing
expenditure grandchildren nursing etc
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
The features of the 80s and 90sEarly maturity IndividualismMaterialismSpending not savingSeeking fashion and taste
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Aging population
20002050
The dramatic fertility decline and improved longevity over the past two decades are causing Chinas population to age at one of the fastest rates ever recorded As late as 25 years ago China was concerned it had too many children to support Today however China faces the opposite problem as a result of the success of its one-child policy the country faces the prospect of having too few children to support a rapidly aging population
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Getting old before getting richAge structure of Chinarsquos population of 5 national population census
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
65 and Over 15- 64 0- 14
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Age Dependency Ratio of Population
year Gross dependency ratio Children dependency ratio Old dependency ratio
1953
1982
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
686
626
498
488
426
388
379
374
612
546
415
396
326
281
268
260
74
80
83
92
99
107
111
113
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
population Pyramids China 2000 and 2050
20002050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Percentage of Older Adults (Age 65+) in China 1950-2050
Source World Population Prospects The 2004 Revision (2005)
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Comparative study of population aging
Country Year Years elapsed
7 10 14 7-10 10-14 7-14
China
Japan
England
Switzerland
USA
France
2001
1970
1930
1935
1945
1865
2017
1985
1950
1960
1975
1940
2027
1994
1975
1985
2010
1980
16
15
20
25
30
75
10
9
25
25
35
40
26
24
45
50
65
115
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Regional difference of aging population
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Source of living expense for aging population
Province Themselves Son Daughter Grandchild Relatives Government Insurance others
Sichuan
Hubei
Heilongjiang
Gansu
390
402
353
230
424
412
438
575
117
120
140
120
17
11
14
18
13
05
14
18
30
35
18
16
04
08
0
0
05
07
19
12
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Discussion
whatrsquos the impact of population aging on Chinarsquos economic growth
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
The future aging policy should emphasis
improving the income of elderly and pension plans
1048710health care policy
1048710social services
1048710social participation of the elderly
1048710developing the market for the elderly
1048710Improve administrative management
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Assignment
Describe population aging in your country and comment on the aging policy
Do you have some recommendation for population aging in China
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Gender Ratio Imbalance
One of the most worrisome effect of the birth planning program is the ldquomissing girlsrdquo phenomenon
As of 2004 there are 16 million more males than females under 30 years old in China Previously the 2000 census showed a disproportionate male-female ration of 119100 with some areas as high as 135100 high above the international average of 105100 The number of male bachelors could reach 40 million by 2020
The missing girls in China
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
What has caused the dangerous gender imbalance
bull social environment policy environment and culture environment Son preference
bull economic growth and pension
bull family needs
bull sex-selective abortion
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Qianjin(千金 ) in China
The status of women increased quickly in big cities Many families with high education prefer daughters to sons
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Question
Is there gender imbalance in your country
Whatrsquos the impact of gender imbalance on the economy
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Population shifting
At the beginning of Chinas reform and opening-up in 1978 the shifting population in the country was only 2 million The total shifting population in 2005 was 14686 million including 7639 million young people aged between 14 and 35
Eastern China and big Chinese cities have benefited greatly from shifting population but large shifting population has also caused many environmental and resource crises in these areas not to mention the pressure upon public administration and social service
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Census in 2000
Population shifting within province 6497
Population shifting across province 3503
Population shifting rate gt 4
Shanghai Jiangsu Zhejiang Fujian Shandong
Guangdong Sichuan
Population shifting rate in Guangdong is 197
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Characteristic of shifting population in China
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Household registration system in China (户口 hukou)
The Chinese household registration system (hukou) which divides the population into ldquoagriculturalrdquo and ldquo nonagriculturalrdquo sectors maybe the most important determinant of differential privileges in state socialist China determining access to good jobs education for onersquos children housing health care and even the right to move to a city
1Where to register
2 Why do Chinese need household registration
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Discussion Shanghai government issued an important residence policy in 2008
This policy allows those who have the temporary registered residence to obtain the permanent one if they are the talents that helpful for economic growth So many talents such as the senior managers in Finance and High-tech industry research staff will benefit from it
(1) Why did Shanghai government introduce this new residence policy Do you think it is a good policy Will it have negative effects
(2) Many cities in China now allow the non-residence to obtain the registered residence by purchasing a house in these cities Do you think Shanghai can adopt this policy
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Peasant worker in China
a person leaving the farm and working in a Chinese city
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
internal migration in China is characterized by two important features
Migration causes trends and patterns
rural-urban migration most migrant left their farmlands for urban areas and for non-agricultural activities
interior-costal migration labor flows are basically directed from the interior to coastal areas or from central and western regions to eastern areas
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Income gap
Causes for migration
Economic factor is the most important reason for population shifting
migrate form rural area to urban area 74
migrate from less-developed area to developed area 6782
Most of shifting population are young people especially young females
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
income gap in developing countries
Guatemala Thailand Cambodia China Vietnam Indonesia Bengal India Pakistan
1989-2002 1990-2002 1997-2004 1985-2001 1992-2001 1993-2002 1991-2000 1989-99 1999-2001
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Regional disparity
with the pro-east development strategies such as the creation of the Special Economic Zones lower taxes favorable land usage eastern regions have absorbed the largest share of FDI which need a lot of labors
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
impacts on migrants and their families
Impacts of migration in China
A poor family could basically escape poverty with the help of migrant peoplersquos remittances And migrant laborers in China saved more out of their wages to remit to their families mainly used for daily living expenditure childrenrsquos education house building
The migration experience can be helpful for migrant laborers to increase their own human capital
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
impacts for the sending areas
There is no doubt that rural labor migration has greatly contributed to the local development of sending areas especially the poor areas
Through their hard work high savings low consumption and by reducing the pressure on the land these tens of millions of rural laborers have helped their family members who had stayed behind Had there been no or much less migration the socio-economic gap between rural and urban societies would have been much wider
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
impacts for the receiving areas
The rural laborsrsquo low wages and relatively high human capital make the manufacturing industry in China more competitive relative to other countries
The incoming rural migrants are paid piece-rate wages and most work extra hours they finish most of hard work in the city
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Chinas first generation of migrant workers are mostly in the 60 after 70 after The new generation of migrant workers mainly refers to the 80 after 90 so that Chinas migrant workers there is a clear sub - layer
There are about 100 million young migrant workers in China Their characteristics
(1) higher education
(2) less enthusiasm about land
(3) access to new civilization
(4) modern hobby
(5) different attitudes to job
New generation of migrant worker
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Case Foxconn suicide takes death toll to seven
Source May 172010 Shenzhen Daily
A 21-YEAR-OLD worker for the Foxconn Technology Group died Saturday night after falling from a dormitory building in Longhua It was the seventh suicide at a Foxconn facility since the beginning of the year There have been nine attempts with two surviving serious injuries
The string of deaths has sparked a nationwide outcry In an earlier report Xinhua said the suicides underlined the frustrations felt by young rural migrants who had left their families to work long hours in factories far from home It said the rights and psychological needs of workers were often ignored as many companies focused on making a profit
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
bull Foxconn International Holdings Ltd is a multinational subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd a Taiwanese company that is the worlds largest maker of electronic components
bull Foxconn is a leader in design manufacturing and after-sales services for computer communication and consumer-electronics companies
bull Today the company has 420000 employees in Shenzhen 300000 of them are working at the Shenzen Longhua Science amp Technology Park
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
bad working conditions
forced overtime
strict work rules
no time for recovery
bad living conditions
path of No Return
mentalphysical distress
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Raise the salary at least 30
vivid the workerrsquos life
How to deal with
Improve the living condition
Industry shift to inland China
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
Question
(1) Analyze the impact of shifting population on economic growth
(2) Discuss shifting population in your country
