Unit 7 Aid and Devlopment

8/13/2019 Unit 7 Aid and Devlopment

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/unit-7-aid-and-devlopment 1/25

UNIT 7

AID &DEVELOPMENT



INTRODUCTION

More Economically Developed

Countries (MEDCs) have high levels of

economic development compared with

Less Economically Developed

Countries (LEDCs). Many MEDCs

make allowance in their domestic

budgets to provide aid to LEDCs.Many charities also exist to provide aid

to

LEDCs.



TYPES OF AID

Emergency or short-term aid -

needed after sudden disasters such as the2013 Philippines or the Japan tsunami(Fukushima power station disaster). Thisinvolves giving out food ,shelter and medical

assistance.

Conditional or tied aid - when onecountry donates money or resources to

another (bilateral aid) but with conditionsattached.

Charitable aid - funded by donations

from the public through organisations such as



Long-term or development aid -

involves providing local communitieswith education and skills

for sustainable development , usually

through organisations such as Practical Action.

Multilateral aid -given throughinternational organisations such as the

World Bank rather than by one specific

country.



ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES OF AID

Sometimes, aid can bring long-term

problems as well as advantages to

the recipient country.

Below are some of the arguments for

and against the provision

of aid to LEDCs.



ARGUMENTS FOR

GIVING AID

Emergency aid in times of

disaster saves lives.

Aid helps rebuild livelihoods and

housing after a disaster

Provision of medical training,

medicines and equipment can

improve health and standards of living.



Aid for agriculture can help increase

food production and so improve thequality and quantity of food available.

Encouraging aid industrial

development can create jobs andimprove transport infrastructure.

Aid can support countries in

developing their naturalresources and power supplies.



Projects that develop clean

water and sanitation can lead to

improved health and living standards.

Aid can be used to put political or

economic pressure on the receivingcountry. The country may end up

owing a donor country or organisation

a favour.

Sometimes projects do not

benefit smaller farmers and projects

are often large scale.



ARGUMENTS AGAINST

GIVING AID

Aid can increase the dependency of

LEDCs on donor countries.

Sometimes aid is not a gift, but a loan,and poor countries may struggle to

repay.

Aid may not reach the people who

need it most. Corruption may lead to

local politicians using aid for their own

means or for political gain.





Case study: Practical

Action shelter project

One fifth of the world's population areeither homeless or live in poorhousing, mainly in LEDCs.

Homeless people in LEDCs often build

makeshift shelters in shanty towns .

These are often built on land not fit for

development such as steep slopes ormarshland

which is vulnerable to floods and



Practical Action is a charity which helps

communities to learn the skills they

need to build better quality housingusing their own labour, local

resources and traditional

techniques.

Practical Action has succeeded in

changing government policy on housingin Kenya. Now, local authorities

recognise houses that have been made

from inexpensive materials as proper

dwellings.



Practical Action also aim to improve

basic

services and infrastructure. As localpeople

have been consulted from the outset,

theycan apply their skills in continuing to

improve their surroundings.

Their involvement has also given thema

sense of ownership and responsibility.



Their work is an example of sustainable

development - a development which

minimises damage to the environment or

local resources.







3. If you are trying to decide whether a

project will make a country richer ormore industrialised - what sort of

impacts are you examining?

a) Environmental

b) Economic

c) Social

d) Political



4. What do we call the approach to

development that attempts to minimisethe negative impacts of development?

a) Essential development

b) Industrial development

c) Sustainable developmentd) Renewable development



5. Which of these will NOT improve the

quality of life for people in LEDCs?

a) Exploitation of natural resourcesb) Development through

industrialisation

c) Aid from MEDCsd) Increasing the national debt



6. What do we call aid that is given from

one country to another, in the form ofmoney, goods or services?

a) Non-governmental aidb) Multilateral aid

c) Bilateral aid

d) Unilateral aid

e) Tied aid



7. What do we call aid that comes from

several different countries, often

channelled through agencies such asthe World Bank?

a) Non-governmental aidb) Multilateral aid

c) Bilateral aid

d) Unilateral aide) Long-term aid



8. Sometimes aid comes with

conditions attached. Which of

the following is an example of a possible

condition attached to tied aid?

a) The donor may specify how the money isspent.

b) The donor may insist that economic reformsare introduced.

c) Companies from the donor country have tobe allowed to set up in or sell goods in theLEDC.

d) The money can only be spent on goods andservices from the donor country.

e)All of the above.



9. Non-governmental aid comes from

what sort of organisation?

a) Government

b) Charitiesc) Farmers

d) Fair trade



10. Four of the statements below are

advantages of giving aid. Can you spotthe one that isn't an advantage?

a) Emergency aid in times of disaster saves people'slives.

b) Aid helps to rebuild housing and livelihoods after adisaster.

c) Corruption may lead to local politicians stealing aid.

d) Provision of medical training, medicines andequipment can improve health and standards ofliving.

e) Aid for agriculture can help to increase foodproduction and so improve quality and quantity offood.



11. There can also be disadvantages

when giving aid. Which of the

statements below is NOT adisadvantage?

a) Aid can increase dependency of LEDCs ondonor countries.

b) Projects can lead to improved health andliving standards.

c) Aid may not reach the people who need it

most.d) Inappropriate projects may lead to food and

water costing more.

e) Aid may end up benefiting employers morethan employees.

Date post:	04-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	clinton-foster
View:	215 times
Download:	0 times

Unit 7 Aid and Devlopment

Documents