Unit 8 – Arrival in Canada

Section 1Early Vikings

Europe’s Age of Exploration

Leif Erikson “Leif the lucky”Leif was possibly the

first European to land in North America. He also established a North settlement at Vinland.

It is believed that Leif was born about A.D 970 in Iceland.

Evidence and explorationArchaeologists

found remains of a Viking settlement proving they had been in Canada.

Before Leif Erikson discovered Vinland he found Markland and Helluland.

Why where they Important?Aprox. in AD 1001 to

1003 the Vikings came a shore in New Brunswick, the natives attacked them and the Vikings had been defeated.

But when the Europeans arrived the natives didn’t do anything and they left things alone.

Thorfinn Karlsefni

Thorfinn was an Icelandic leader of an attempt to colonize North America. He appeared in Greenland in 1002.

He set out in 1010 with an expedition with three ships and 160 men to settle in Vinland.

Freydis EriksdottirFreydis lived in the 11th

century. She was the step daughter of Erik the Red and half-sister of Leif Eriksson.

Freydis was an explorer who was on one of the first Viking exploratory trips to Vinland and Greenland.

Freydis Eriksdottir

Freydis was a killer who had murdered many in cold blood.

She made a deal with her brothers then she betrayed them and killed her brothers.

Hee Hee

ImperialismImperialism is the

policy of extending the control of your country by acquiring control colonies around the world.

Countries develop these to gain control of these lands and to be able to make use of anything that the country has.

This picture shows all countries that are, or have been colonies of Britain

Europe’s Early ExplorationsThe European Age

of Exploration is with in the time period of 1450-1700.

The Age of Exploration was caused by the need of shorter trade routes for imported goods such as spices.

John CabotQuite some time

after the Vikings, John Cabot was born.

He was born in Genoa, Italy, in 1451.

Although Cabot was Italian he was employed by the English government.

Cabot’s VoyagesCabot went on

three different voyages to find a cheaper route to India, his ship was called Matthew.

On his first voyage, he turned back due to bad weather and lack of supplies.

Cabot’s Voyages cont.

His second voyage was more successful, and he landed in Canada, in 1497.

The government of Canada recognizes Cape Bonavista as the official landing place.

Cabot’s first landing

The first time Cabot landed, he did not go far, not farther than a bow shot.

He stayed on land only long enough to get fresh water and claim the land for England.

Grand BanksJohn Cabot found a

marvelous fishing ground called the Grand Banks.

A large area of relatively shallow water, ranging from 80-330 feet deep.

Two water streams meet here and bring nutrients to the surface.

Grand Banks cont.All the nutrients at the

surface attracts many different species of fish.

Fish included Atlantic Cod, Sword Fish, Haddock, and Capelin.

Shellfish include Scallops and Lobsters.

Christopher Columbus In the year 1492

Christopher Columbus was finally able to convince Queen Isabella I to sponsor him.

He was in need to be sponsored so that he would be able to find a easier route to Asia.

Christopher Columbus Upon arriving in the

Bahamas, Columbus claim the land for the Spanish throne imposing European bureaucratic structure.

He worked to take possession of the already inhabited territories.

European ExplorationAfter the discovery of

the Americas other countries quickly began to explore.

Each went after the same things- Technology- Wealth- Land for country

European ExplorationIntroduces new

diseases such as measles and smallpox, killing many natives.

Were introduced to new foods like potatoes, corn, and vegetables, also were introduced to tobacco.

European Exploration5 countries

continued to explore. Spain Portugal France England The Netherlands

Each formed colonies and France and The Netherlands formed relations with natives.

French ExplorationThe French

focused upon fishing off the shores of Newfoundland.

The natives showed a new opportunity so they moved to the fur trade.

French ExplorationIn 1608 Samuel

de Champlain built a trading post for his fur trade expedition.

This heavily profited France and would later become the city of Quebec.